共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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依恋是一个个体与另一个个体在长期的交往中形成的一种强烈的、持久的情感联结。研究表明,早期依恋的性质深刻地影响着成年之后的人际关系和精神健康。本文主要以依恋的研究历史为线索综述依恋概念的提出、依恋形成发展理论等几个方面的内容,并简单提出在依恋研究领域有待进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
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依恋理论与精神病理领域存在着密切的关系,许多关于依恋类型和精神病理之间关系的研究得出的结果并不一致。内部工作模式是依恋理论中的重要概念,它整合了认知情感理论,对解释病理心理症的某些潜在原因有重要意义,Kobak、Dozier、Mikulincer等人提出的不安全的依恋策略开拓了另一种研究精神病理发生发展的思路。 相似文献
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依恋是儿童早期生活中最重要的社会关系,也是影响个体社会性发展和人格构建的重要因素.儿童依恋障碍的产生与父母的养育方式、儿童自身的气质类型、父母依恋类型及自身性格特点等因素有关.对于无依恋障碍的儿童,重点在于预防.治疗儿童的依恋障碍应以依恋障碍治疗模型为指导,针对不同类型的依恋障碍采用双向发展心理疗法、音乐疗法、游戏疗法、家庭疗法等不同的治疗方法. 相似文献
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依恋对婴幼儿情绪调节能力发展的影响及其教育启示 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
依恋是儿童早期社会关系的重要内容,对个体情绪调节能力的发展具有重要影响。文章在归纳大量相关研究的基础上,认为依恋对个体情绪调节的影响主要体现在：依恋对象是婴幼儿情绪的“外部组织者”;婴幼儿在与依恋对象交互作用中学会情绪调节;依恋安全性是导致情绪调节策略个体差异的重要因素;依恋对象提供身体和情感的安全依赖;婴幼儿依恋具有情绪动机功能和促进儿童对情绪的理解的功能。依恋的这些功能促进了婴幼儿情绪调节能力的发展。文章还依据这些心理机制归纳了对幼儿教育的启示。 相似文献
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依恋风格是个体与依恋对象在长期交往中所形成的系统性的情感和行为模式.近年来随着依恋的信息加工差异在很多研究中被强调,注意对依恋系统的影响显得更为重要,因此越来越多的研究开始关注不同依恋风格个体的注意偏向.本文主要从四个方面对依恋风格和注意偏向的研究进展进行了论述:(1)不同依恋风格个体对情绪信息的注意偏向特点;(2)注意偏向产生的机制;(3)相关的神经电生理学的研究;(4)目前研究的不足和对未来研究的展望. 相似文献
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依恋理论作为理解儿童个性 和社会性发展的重要理论,从动 力机制的角度讨论了依恋安全程 度对个体建立和保持人际关系的 影响,本文拟从依恋研究的视角 和研究成果分析依恋影响师生关 系的机制,为良好师生关系的建 立提供微观指导。 一、依恋的理论及发展 Bowlby提出的依恋理论,是 相似文献
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如今对依恋的研究越来越倾向于认知取向,不同依恋类型内部工作模型有不同的信息加工法。当个体遇到危险时,不同的依恋类型因为不同的内部工作模型有不同的策略,回避型个体大多通过回避和压制想起不好经验的策略来防御,这一防御性的机制直接影响某些记忆及注意的认知任务。 相似文献
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一、引言儿童早期社会性发展的主要内容之一是形成亲子依恋,而早期亲子依恋的质量会对个体的人格和心理产生重要的影响。鲍尔贝进行依恋的开创性研究之后,有大量研究者进行了相关研究,从而使人们了解了依恋的概念以及依恋形成的标志,并将依恋划分为不同的类型。目前,研究者们普遍认为,依恋是人类适应生存的一个重要方面,因为依恋不仅提高了 相似文献
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王玉花 《中小学心理健康教育》2009,(11)
随着我国改革开放的进一步深化,一个新的弱势群体随之产生:农村留守儿童.由于缺乏正常的家庭教育和情感支持,留守儿童易出现心理问题.依恋是儿童和主要照料者之间(主要是父母)的一种亲密情感联结,研究表明,早期依恋的性质深刻地影响着成年之后的人际关系和精神健康.本文通过描述儿童依恋的理论、依恋类型及依恋形成的影响因素,分析了留守儿童的心理问题形成的内部原因. 相似文献
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Mimi Wellisch 《Roeper Review》2013,35(2):116-126
Although both giftedness and secure attachment are associated with advanced language and good socioemotional adjustment, not all gifted children are well adjusted. This article explores the consequences of attachment style on gifted development and examines whether early trauma can be rectified. The dearth of research on giftedness and attachment has necessitated the review of less direct evidence, including brain research and maternal depression. A partly empirical, partly conceptual picture is drawn to demonstrate that attachment styles can support, reduce, and even prevent giftedness. This is further illustrated by an experiment involving IQ scores that mimics the expected effects of early trauma and insecure attachment on test performance. The article concludes by suggesting that attachment style may contribute to a gifted spectrum. 相似文献
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依恋是儿童内在的心理安全需求,安全型依恋的形成有助于其发展。父母抚养质量、儿童自身特点和家庭与社会环境均对依恋风格的形成具有重要影响,为提高依恋质量,构建良好的依恋关系,父母应保证抚养质量,创造与孩子共处的机会,顺应儿童自身特点因势利导教育,家园合作共同完成儿童由亲子依恋向师幼依恋的过渡。 相似文献
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浪漫依恋也称婚恋依恋,是指伴侣间的一种情感联结。依恋模式的稳定性至今仍存在争议。在消极情境下依恋系统会被激活,同时引起相应的情绪,使伴侣之间的交流互动产生变化。跨文化研究显示,部分文化可能不适合用两种维度或四种类型进行划分,这当中‘涉及测量工具的等值问题。中国化的浪漫依恋研究须考虑文化的特殊性,中国伴侣含蓄的情感表达方式、夫妻相敬如宾等传统儒家观点有可能是导致文化差异的原因。我们强调研究方法需更符合中国化,同时对未来浪漫依恋发展趋势进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Students with high levels of connectedness to the university have been found to be more likely to complete their college degree than are students with low levels of university connectedness. This study examined the role of parental and peer attachment as distal predictors of school connectedness. As predicted, it was found that attachment style to parents predicted attachment style to peers. An avoidant attachment style to peers predicted negative perceptions of peer support and support services. An anxious attachment style to peers predicted negative perceptions of faculty support. Perceptions of peer support, support services, and faculty support then predicted feelings of connectedness to the university. Classroom comfort also predicted university connectedness, although it was not found to be related to attachment style to parents or peers. Implications for college students and college/university administrators are discussed. 相似文献
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Shelley A. Riggs Kellye S. Carver Daniel Romero Sandra B. Morissette Jamie Wilson Robyn Campbell James McGuffin 《Journal of College Counseling》2019,22(2):110-124
This study examined attachment processes of college student veterans and nonveterans and further examined how veteran status and attachment style directly and indirectly predict relationship functioning. Results indicated that student veterans were more often dismissing in their attachment style but less often preoccupied than nonveteran students. Veteran status moderated the association between attachment style and dyadic consensus. The contributions of attachment and communication processes to overall relationship adjustment differed for student veterans and nonveterans. 相似文献
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张金荣 《沙洋师范高等专科学校学报》2008,9(1):71-74
儿童早期形成的依恋风格,对儿童个性和社会性发展都有长期而深远的影响。本文主要探讨了父母抚养质量、儿童自身特征、家庭和社会文化对儿童依恋风格形成的影响,为培养儿童安全型依恋提供参考。 相似文献
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Differences in one's own and one's partner's perceptions of social skills as a function of attachment style 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Two studies focused on attachment‐style differences in people's social skills. Study 1 had a sample of 237 students who completed questionnaires assessing their own attachment styles and social skills (based on Riggio's six dimensions of social skill). Study 2, which focused on partner‐reports, used data from 258 couples to determine whether people's perceptions of a partner's social skill would vary based on the partner's self‐reported attachment style. The results revealed attachment‐style differences in various social skills across self‐and partner‐reports; however, these differences were generally less robust for partner‐reports. Differences in self‐reported social skill were consistent with Bartholomew's two‐factor conceptualization of attachment. Dismissive and fearful individuals rated themselves as relatively antisocial and unexpressive, in line with their negative models of others; preoccupied and fearful individuals rated themselves as overly sensitive, in line with their negative models of self. Preoccupied individuals were also perceived as the most socially sensitive by their partners, and across all the analyses, secures were ostensibly the most socially skilled. 相似文献
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This study examined the relationship between adolescents’ attachment style and their decision to enter mentoring relationships. The participants were 569 Greek Cypriot high school students. It was found that adolescents who have a mentor are more secure in their attachment than those who do not. Girls with low scores in secure attachment do not enter easily into mentoring relationships. Older adolescents are more anxious in their attachments, probably because they can better appreciate the possible difficulties if something goes wrong; thus, they are more reluctant to take the risk of starting a mentoring relationship than younger students. Furthermore, secure attachment was found to be positively correlated to the perceived impact of the whole experience: the more secure the attachment, the stronger the mentoring bond seems to be. 相似文献