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为弥补Shapley值法只考虑"贡献"的不足,考虑企业成本投入和知识溢出效应对利益分配的影响,通过加权计算来修正Shapley值。从而实现技术联盟内利益的公平分配。 相似文献
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我国颠覆性创新多元化投入机制的平台支撑体系建设亟待完善,因此需深入研究适用于颠覆性技术多元化投入的利益分配以及政府补贴机制。其中,公平的利益分配和合理化的激励机制是促使颠覆性技术多元投入有效性的关键因素。因此,针对颠覆性技术多元化投入利益分配以及激励机制设计等问题,采取合作-非合作博弈分析颠覆性技术多元投入的各个参与主体行为,引入风险因子探讨不同主体主导下的情况,并进一步研究政府补贴对各主体投入积极性的影响,进而以明晰多元化投入的激励机制方案选择。研究发现：在颠覆性创新多元化投入的过程中会存在创新投入积极性不足的情况,这是由于各主体出于自身利益最大化考虑;由政府牵头时,整个颠覆性技术投入合作较由其他主体主导下的合作收益高;在政府主导下采取政府补贴形式,可以有效激励其他各个颠覆性创新投入主体的积极性。为此,促进颠覆性创新的投入多元化,政府要构建多元化投入机制,设计合理的利益分配机制与激励机制,并在参与合作时设定恰当的成本补贴额度。 相似文献
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针对建设项目特殊性三角结构关系,应用演化博弈理论对其跨组织创新应用合作的演化稳定策略进行了分析。以有限理性为假设前提,构建了施工方及设计方进行创新应用合作的复制动态模型,分析了合作协同系数、收益溢出系数、合作收益大小及其分配机制、合作成本大小及其分配机制等因素对双方演化稳定策略的影响;探讨了业主方补贴情形下设计方及施工方进行创新应用合作的策略选择及其稳定性,分析了业主方补贴策略的有效性及局限性。 相似文献
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制造服务导入下同质汽配供应商合作效应分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
摘要：为探讨汽配供应多样化模式下供应商成本优化问题,在Lotka-Volterra模型基础上建立利益增长模型,分析了制造服务企业与多供应商的合作效应,以Shapley值法分析利益分配模式,提出了一种多汽配供应商与制造服务企业合作模式,并结合示例进行了验证。结果表明：供应商利用服务外包,制造服务企业实施专业化分工,可以实现对多汽配供应商价值链的优化,有利于降低供应商运作成本,促进总体利益的增加,制造服务企业对增加的总体利益进行合理分配,参与合作的各成员的利益均得到了提高。 相似文献
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随着近年资源应用领域逐步向高新技术产业延伸,下游材料端的技术创新突破已成为重构中国资源产业优势的战略着力点。本文利用2008—2017年中国新材料企业面板数据,运用PVAR模型和脉冲响应函数,从技术生命周期视角探究了风险投资与政府补贴对中国新材料企业技术创新的激励效应及其差异性。研究表明：①对于新材料企业,风险投资和政府补贴通过提升企业研发投入进而促进了新材料企业的技术创新。其中,风险投资的激励效应更明显但具有短期性,政府补贴的激励效应则具有滞后性;②对于导入期新材料企业,风险投资对其技术创新的激励效应较小,而政府补贴正好弥补了市场资金配置的不足;对于成长期新材料企业,风险投资对其技术创新的长期激励效应强于政府补贴;对于成熟期新材料企业,政府补贴不能促进其技术创新,风险投资的激励效应则比较显著。因此,为更好地提升中国新材料技术创新水平,政府应引入分类补贴机制,重点向导入期新材料企业倾斜,并引导风险资本投入成长期和成熟期新材料企业。 相似文献
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本文运用委托代理理论、合作博弈和厂商模型,研究了政府主导的产学研协同创新的利益分配机制.首先,分析了不同信息结构下企业和科研机构的行为,讨论了双方的策略和社会福利;然后,将信息不对称下福利损失看作双方的信息租金进行二次利益分配,首次建立了政府主导的具有双边激励效应产学研利益分配机制.研究表明,信息不对称下科研机构的投入水平低于最优投入水平,具有双边激励效应的分配机制不仅兼顾了企业和科研机构双方的利益、发挥了政府在产学研协同创新利益分配中的引导作用,也提升了社会整体福利,有效缓解了信息不对称带来的低效率. 相似文献
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产业技术创新联盟的核心是焦点企业,而产业技术创新联盟能否高效运行关键就在于焦点企业能否选择恰当的合作共生伙伴组成合作共生体,决定了产业技术创新联盟的成败,也决定了联盟功能的整体发挥。本研究在阐述焦点企业的内涵及其在产业技术创新联盟中的作用基础上,根据合作伙伴对联盟效益的贡献大小,利用Shapley值法对合作收益进行分配,形成了综合效益转移机制。综合效益转移机制保证了所有合作共生主体都能从合作共生中获得合理的收益,实现了合作共生主体的互利共生,这是合作共生主体参与合作并推动产业技术创新联盟发展的根本动力,这也是焦点企业进行合作共生伙伴选择的重要动因。 相似文献
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智能生产与服务网络条件下产业创新平台是我国新时期产业结构转型升级的引擎,如何保障平台内各合作单位的利益,是确保整个平台稳定运行的重要因素。合作利益分配需要考虑投入、产出、风险、品牌等诸多因素,是个完整而又复杂的系统工程。然而其约束条件往往是模糊约束,系数也是灰数,因此,本文引入灰色系统理论,构建基于灰数运算的Shapley值模型,并对模型中的灰色系数进行白化处理。该模型可以促进利益科学分配,保障产业创新平台可持续运行。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献