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1.
为寻找山东省单人皮艇优秀运动员途中划桨技术的不足,寻求提高划桨效果的途径,为运动队和教练备战十一运会提供参考资料和理论依据.研究采用平面定机摄像方法(拍摄频率50 Hz,曝光速度1/250 s),在赛程中段一侧对途中划一个复桨(两桨)周期动作进行拍摄.固定在一侧的摄像机同时记录了运动员左、右侧的划桨技术动作.采用独立t检验对部分指标值进行检验,P<0.05认为具有显著性差异.研究发现,运动员左右侧划桨技术不对称,右侧强于左侧;运动员左臂作为拉桨臂时推水过程不明显,不平稳;双侧划桨节奏不理想.建议延长桨叶水平推水的时间,减少回桨时间,改善划菜节奏;延长最大艇速保持时间;增强左侧肌肉力量,改善左侧与右侧肌肉力量的平衡度;并增强左右臂途中划划桨技术的配合程度;加强腰髋等核心部位的力量训练. 相似文献
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目的：以国家队和赛艇优势省队运动员为测试对象，总结分析我国精英女子赛艇运动员的划桨技术特点。方法：27名运动员参与本研究，利用"BioRow Tel"系统测试五种桨频（20、24、28、32、36桨/分）下的划桨技术，测试参数包括划桨节奏、桨叶轨迹、桨力特征等。结果：拉桨时间百分比随桨频的提高显著提高；入水角、出水角和划幅在中低桨频下非常稳定，但在接近比赛桨频时显著下降；抓水打滑和出水打滑均随桨频的增加而显著增加；与桨力相关的参数对桨频的变化相对不敏感。结论：我国运动员较为注重桨叶入水和拉桨前段，表现出的技术较好，而在拉桨后段特别是桨叶出水阶段暴露出的问题比较大；临近比赛桨频时的技术同中低桨频时相比存在比较明显的下降。训练中要解决好拉桨后段和桨叶出水的问题，并注重提高运动员在比赛桨频时的划桨技术。 相似文献
3.
本文通过划桨频率控制器在划船运动训练中的应用,对运动员的使用情况进行了研究。并对运动员用桨频引导器进行训练的前后结果进行了分析和讨论。得出用桨频引导器在划船训练中为优越性、实用性等结论。 相似文献
4.
如何在多人赛艇比赛中合理运作借力划桨,已经成为了决定出比赛名次的关键。一、多人赛艇各桨手的职责本文中主要以4人赛艇为主进行实例分析。1号位桨手,掌握整条艇的灵活和平衡等。划桨时做到轻巧、协调,把力量最大限度地释放出来,被2号位所用。2、3号位桨手,是起动力和引导作用。动力能保持以最大划桨速度向领桨手桨位传递力量,引导是在完成自己划桨力量输送给领 相似文献
5.
选取湖北赛艇队男子公开级3名运动员作为研究对象,利用奥地利WEBA sport公司的Rower Expert Light 赛艇实船测试系统对三名男子公开级赛艇选手进行单人双桨实船划桨测试.测试发现:随着桨频的增加,拉桨时间、推桨时间、单次划桨时间以及推拉比都在减小,而推拉比的减少意味着推桨所需时间减少得更快.拉桨的力量并没有明显增加,被测试的3名运动员都是左手拉力大于右手拉力.拉桨最大力产生时桨叶的位置会逐渐靠近运动员身后,相应的最大力产生的时间会提前.运动员左右手拉力的不平衡以及最大力产生的位置不一致都会影响到赛艇的航向.转桨角的变化幅度不大,但在四种桨频下,3名运动员的入水角都大于出水角.3名运动员的左转桨角比右转桨角大,意味着3名运动员左手桨叶的划幅比右桨大. 相似文献
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7.
利用赛艇实船测试系统对男子轻量级赛艇选手进行单人双桨实船划桨测试.测试发现:随着桨频的增加,拉桨与推桨速度同时增加,但推桨速度增长得更快,转桨角度和拉桨幅度呈减小趋势,拉桨力略呈下降趋势;最大正加速度和负加速度的绝对值都呈增加趋势,但负加速度的持续时间和其在整个划桨周期中所占的时间比例在减少;运动员左右手拉力的不平衡以及最大力产生的位置不一致的现象比较普遍,这对于航向的保持有较大影响. 相似文献
8.
采用SIMIMotion运动分析系统,对中、外赛艇女子单人双桨项目(W1X)优秀运动员一个完整划桨周期技术进行分析。结果表明:中国赛艇W1X优秀运动员在划桨技术周期的艇速、划距指标上与国外W1X优秀运动员有显著性差异(P<0.05),推拉桨时间、桨角和各关节角度指标没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。中国赛艇W1X运动员的推拉桨时间、划桨身体姿势比较合理,建议在保持推桨动力的基础上,借鉴国外赛艇W1X优秀运动员低桨频高稳速划桨的技术,缩短与世界级赛艇W1X优秀运动员的差距。 相似文献
9.
如何增大赛艇运动员的划桨力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张香花 《武汉体育学院学报》2000,(3)
2 0 0 0 m赛艇项目从基础理论分析 ,居于中等时间的有氧供能为主的运动项目 ,它不仅要求运动员具备较好的有氧工作能力和较好的肌肉克服阻力的能力 ,而具备有单位时间内肌肉克服阻力的能力。单位时间内肌肉克服阻力的能力越强 ,在其它条件不变的情况下 ,划桨力就越大 ,成绩就越好。所以提高赛艇运动员单位时间肌肉克服阻力的能力 ,是解决赛艇运动员划桨力提高的关键因素之一。1 测功仪训练对赛艇运动员划桨力的影响及其训练方法( 1 )测功仪训练对赛艇运动员划桨力的影响 :测功仪训练较荡桨训练、水上训练技术运用环节简单化 ,而且不受平衡… 相似文献
10.
<正>1前言赛艇运动是利用人体的体能、技能来推动船体在规定的航道和距离内进行角逐的的竞技运动。在现代奥林匹克运动会中共设十四枚金牌。它是需要身体大部分肌群参与的周期性耐力项目。所以赛艇在水中行进时的动源取决于下面因素,的提高:1.1划桨的力量因为桨频不可能无限制的提高,所以力量素质的发展尤为重要。因此在训练实践中十分重视力量训练的作用,并使其进一步专项化,这就给每一名赛艇运动员提出了必须具备与之相适应的专项素质要求:(1)、力量包括上肢力量(手臂拉、推力),下肢力量(腿部伸、屈力),腰背肌与腹肌(伸、屈力),肌群的协调力---上下肢、腹背肌的协调力;(2)、力量耐力(持 相似文献
11.
随着近年来花样游泳比赛动作难度的不断增加,对运动员爆发力的要求也不断提高。本研究在距离全国花样游泳冠军赛6周时,为我国9名优秀花样游泳运动员制定赛前功能性体能训练计划,帮助运动员提高比赛所需要的爆发力。通过训练前后的爆发力测试,发现运动员的CMJ纵跳高度、坐瑞士球托举动作的最大爆发力、快速托举模拟动作的最大爆发力、连续模拟划水动作平均功率测试数据均有非常显著性增长（P〈0．01）。 相似文献
12.
Johanna S. Rosén Anton Arndt Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey Barry S. Mason Michael J. Hutchinson Olga Tarassova 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(17):1942-1950
ABSTRACTPara Va’a is a new Paralympic sport in which athletes with trunk and/or leg impairment compete over 200 m. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of impairment on kinematic and kinetic variables during Va’a ergometer paddling. Ten able-bodied and 44 Para Va’a athletes with impairments affecting: trunk and legs (TL), legs bilaterally (BL) or leg unilaterally (UL) participated. Differences in stroke frequency, mean paddling force, and joint angles and correlation of the joint angles with paddling force were examined. Able-bodied demonstrated significantly greater paddling force as well as knee and ankle flexion ranges of movement (ROM) on the top hand paddling side compared to TL, BL and UL. Able-bodied, BL and UL demonstrated greater paddling force and trunk flexion compared to TL, and UL demonstrated larger bottom hand paddling side knee and ankle flexion ROM compared to BL. Significant positive correlations were observed for both male and female athletes between paddling force and all trunk flexion angles and ROM in the trunk and pelvis rotation and bottom hand paddling side hip, knee and ankle flexion. The results of this study are important for creating an evidence-based classification system for Para Va’a. 相似文献
13.
以中国皮划艇激流回旋队9名国际健将级运动员为研究对象,对其最大摄氧量、心率、乳酸、卧推与卧拉的最大力量（1RM）及力量耐力（40% 1RM,120 s）、静水300 m直线速度、静水8 km长划等指标进行测试,采用SPSS25.0对测试结果进行描述统计,并与世界优秀选手相关体能指标进行比较,诊断我国优秀激流回旋运动员体能问题,并提出相应训练对策。结果表明,我国优秀激流回旋运动员有氧能力、专项力量、基础速度与专项速度不同程度落后于国际优秀选手。为提升我国优秀激流回旋运动员体能水平,建议采用水上与陆上相结合的有氧训练方法发展运动员有氧能力,提高全年有氧训练比例,科学安排有氧训练的负荷量与强度;采用陆上基础力量训练发展运动员上肢爆发力、力量耐力与躯干稳定性力量,采用水上专项力量训练发展运动员划桨的峰值桨力与功率;既要重视运动员静水划船的基础速度,也要强化其高强度、高速度的激流专项竞速能力。 相似文献
14.
During kayak paddling, athletes attempt to maximize kayak velocity with the generation of optimal paddle forces. The aim of the current study was to examine ten elite kayakers and identify a number of key biomechanical performance variables during maximal paddling on a custom kayak simulator. These included analysing the effect of side (left and right) and period (beginning, middle, and end of the kayak simulation) on paddle force, paddle angle, mechanical efficiency, and stroke timing data. Paddle kinetics and kinematics were measured with strain gauge force transducers attached to either end of the ergometer paddle and using a 3D motion analysis system respectively. Results indicated a significantly greater mechanical efficiency during the right paddle stroke compared with the left (P < 0.025). In addition, analysing the effect of period, peak paddle force demonstrated a significant reduction when comparing the beginning to the middle and end of the simulated race respectively (P < 0.025). Examination of individual force profiles revealed considerable individuality, with significant variation in the time course of force application. Analysis of the profiles presented may provide meaningful feedback for kayakers and their coaches. 相似文献
15.
Surfboard volume and shape affect human performance while riding waves, but little is known regarding the impact of these variables on paddling, where surfers spend a majority of their time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether changing the foil (fore/aft thickness profile) of a short surfboard will alter paddling mechanics and efficiency if surfers are allowed to self-select their prone position. Twenty recreational surfers paddled three different surfboards in a freshwater swim flume while measurements of drag force, board motion, body position, heart rate, and oxygen use were acquired. All boards shared the same volume (31 L) and gross dimensions (172.7 cm long × 50.8 cm wide × 6 cm thick), but the geometric center was placed in a different location along the fore/aft axis of each board. Surfers were blinded to the volume and shape of each board. Results indicated that surfers positioned their center of mass further forward in response to a more nose-heavy board and further aft in response to a more tail-heavy board (22.04 ± 6.34 mm difference in position between boards, p = 0.008). This self-selected positioning yielded no statistical difference in drag force, board angle and accelerations, heart rate, or oxygen use across the three boards. These data suggest that when surfboard volume and gross dimensions are fixed, foil has little effect on the efficiency of paddling a short surfboard in recreational athletes. 相似文献
16.
中外女子四人皮艇500 m比赛桨频模式的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分析了世界大赛中国外主要对手在wk4-500 m比赛中的桨频模式和反映的战术,世界大赛中强队的主要战术为全力划。国家队与国外主要对手的专项体能差异表现为起动加速能力和途中耐酸能力,两种能力的提高是训练的重点。 相似文献
17.
Abstract In this study, video and force analysis techniques were used to distinguish between dragon boat paddlers of different ability. Six elite paddlers (three males, three females) and six sub-elite paddlers (two males, four females) were compared during high-intensity paddling (80–90 strokes · min?1). Video filming was conducted for two-dimensional kinematic analysis and an instrumented paddle was used to collect force data. Paddling efficiency, paddle force characteristics, and paddler kinematic variables were measured. Elite paddlers achieved higher paddling efficiency than sub-elite paddlers (elite: 76 ± 4%; sub-elite: 67 ± 10%; P = 0.080). Elite paddlers also showed higher peak force (elite: 16.3 ± 4.8 N · kg?2/3; sub-elite: 11.4 ± 2.6 N · kg?2/3; P = 0.052), average force (elite: 7.9 ± 2.8 N · kg?2/3; sub-elite: 5.5 ± 1.4 N · kg?2/3; P = 0.084), and impulse (elite: 3.0 ± 0.9 (N · s) · kg?2/3; sub-elite: 1.9 ± 0.4 (N · s) · kg?2/3; P = 0.026) than sub-elite paddlers, but these three results should be viewed with caution due to the small sample size and the unequal number of males and females in the two groups. Superior technique and greater strength enable the elite paddlers to achieve higher paddling efficiency. Paddlers use different joint movement patterns to develop propulsion, which are reflected in variations in the force–time curve. 相似文献
18.
The cause and effect relationship between the paddling motion and the hull behavior of a kayak in a sprint race has not been sufficiently investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the paddling motion on the hull behavior by numerical simulation. A dynamic simulation model of a paddler, paddle and hull in a single kayak, which was previously developed, was used for the simulation. One standard paddling motion and three modified motions were prepared for the simulation. Three modified motions were created based on suggestions by coaches of the Japan Olympic team. These motions were thought to be often seen in paddlers of lower skill level and, therefore, empirically considered to be typically bad motions. From the simulation results, the following findings were obtained: in the simulation of the standard paddling motion, the averaged hull velocity was 5.4 m/s. This was consistent with the actual hull velocity of 5.5 m/s. Typically bad motions which induced undesirable hull fluctuations reduced the propulsive efficiency. 相似文献
19.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):407-415
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to measure and compare peak oxygen uptake and paddling efficiency in recreational and competitive junior male surfers. Eight male recreational surfers (mean age 18 years, s=2; mass 66.8 kg, s=13.0; height 1.75 m, s=0.10) and eight male competitive surfers (mean age 18 years, s=1; mass 68.0 kg, s=11.7; height 1.72 m, s=0.10) performed an incremental paddling test consisting of four 3-min constant load work stages followed by a ramp increase in power output of 20 W · 30 s?1 until exhaustion. The oxygen uptake–power output relationship of the four constant load work stages and peak values obtained during the incremental paddling test were used to calculate paddling efficiency. No differences (P>0.05) were observed between the recreational and competitive surfers for peak oxygen uptake (recreational: 2.52 litres · min?1, s=0.5; competitive: 2.66 litres · min?1, s=0.35) or efficiency (recreational: 24%, s=3; competitive: 21%, s=4). Blood lactate concentration was significantly greater in recreational (2.4 mmol · l?1, s=0.9) than competitive surfers (1.6 mmol · l?1, s=0.5) during submaximal paddling. There were no differences in peak oxygen uptake or paddling efficiency between recreational and competitive surfers suggesting that peak oxygen uptake and efficiency are not sensitive to differences in surfing ability. The increase in blood lactate concentration during submaximal paddling in recreational compared with competitive surfers suggests that other determinants of paddling endurance, such as blood lactate threshold, might be better at distinguishing surfers of differing ability. 相似文献
20.
在皮艇动力学方程的基础上,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真模型和数值方法,分析运动员的推进功率模式对单人艇1000 m匀速划成绩的影响。结果发现,运动员在1000 m全程中用稳定一致的推进功率模式划桨,必然在起航加速段后导致匀速划的出现;在构成推进功率模式的4个指标中,平均推进功率的提高对成绩的提高起决定作用;推进功率波形越是平坦均匀型成绩越好;桨频的提高和划桨节奏的增大也有助于成绩的提高。实测发现,我国优秀男子皮艇运动员划桨中的推进功率波形和仿真分析获得的理想推进功率波形存在差距,提示运动员的划桨技术和体能素质有待完善和提高。 相似文献