共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
应俊生 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1994,32(5):389-410
秦岭是中国长江和黄河两大水系的分水岭，位于北纬32°5′至34°45′；东经104°30′至115°52′，最高峰达3767m。该山区是我国温带植物区系最丰实的地区之一，约有种子植物3124种，隶属于158科，892属。包括热带属220属，温带属563属，和中国特有属39属。根据该山区植物区系中各大科、主要植物群落优势种和组成种类的温带性质以及温带属在整个植物区系中的主导地位。该山区的植物区系和植被具有明显的温带性特点。特有种和非特有种的分析结果表明，该山区植物区系的特点还表现在高度特有性和以中国-日本森林植物区系为主体方面。 根据古植物学资料分析，秦岭地区植物区系的起源时间不会晚于晚白垩纪；植物群落的主要成份可能以原地生长的种类为主；秦岭及其邻近古老山区，不仅对自身的植物区系和植被具有较大的发生意义，而且对东亚植物区系具有始生性质。 相似文献
2.
选择我国亚热带区域76个地区(不包括行政单元)的植物区系调查和研究资料,采用主成分分析
(PCA)、TWINSPAN聚类和样带梯度分析方法,研究了我国亚热带区域植物区系地理成分的构成特征和
各成分之间的关系;各研究区域间植物区系地理成分构成的相关性和空间分异特征;并分析了贯穿我国亚热带区域的东经108.5°～111.5°和北纬29°～31°两条样带的几种区系地理成分的分布梯度。结果表明：①15种区系地理成分可以归为热带成分、温带成分、干旱区成分和东亚中心成分4组;我国亚热带各地区区系地理成分中泛热带和北温带分布的比例最高;干旱区分布诸类比例极小;东亚中心成分的比例突出,特有性强;②样点的PCA排序明显反映了北、中、南亚热带在区系地理成分构成上的差异,但亚热带东西部的差异不明显;③样带分析清晰地反映了热带、温带成分之比的梯度格局;川东鄂西地区特有分布中心的地位和世界分布与特有成分相反的分布格局。 相似文献
3.
太白山位居秦岭的中段，为秦岭山脉第一高峰。该山区是我国温带植物区系最丰富的地区之一，
约有种子植物1782种，隶属于125科，657属，包括热带属130属，温带属436属和特有属24属。该地
区20个较大科的种数，约占其全部植物区系的66.6％，其中特有种653种。本文对这些大科的性质及
其在植物区系和植被中的作用进行了分析讨论。在分析了全部属和植物群落优势种的地理分布的基础
上，着重讨论了该地区与其他九个山区的植物区系关系。
本文对植被垂直带划分；主要植物群落的基本特点和区系相似性；物种多样性与海拔高度变化的关
系以及生活型谱与不同坡向和海拔变化的关系等作了具体分析。对该地区主要植物群落的形成时期以
及对秦岭地区植物区系的过渡性质提出了自己的看法。从植物学角度出发，秦岭地区作为亚热带和温带
植物的分界线的提法与该地区的植物区系和植物群落性质以及水热条件情况不相符合 相似文献
4.
湘西北壶瓶山自然保护区植物区系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
壶瓶山自然保护区具有丰富的植物区系成分，现知维管束植物有205科(蕨类和拟蕨类 植物40科，裸子植物7科，被子植物158科)，839属，约1961种(包括154变种)。其中，古 和原始的科、属不乏其代表。从种子植物属的分布区类型的比较分析，该区具有我国15个种子植物属的分布区类型中的14个，表明了与世界各地区植物区系的联系程度。另一方面，该 地区的植物区系虽含有丰富的热带成分，但根据各类温带属占该区总属数的百分比以及分布于该地区的中国特有属中的木本属几乎所有都是落叶的乔木或灌木，该区的植物区系性质明显偏重于温带性质。而且，这种温带性质可能与该区的山体海拔高度有着重要的联系。 相似文献
5.
朗楷永 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1990,28(5):356-371
兰科在横断山地区是维管束植物中的大科之一，共有91属，363种及9变种。 4属为我国特有属，其中1属为本地区所特有；155种及9变种为我国特有种。 其中69种及5变种为本地区所 特有。本文对属、种进行了分析，并对全部种的分布格局作了详细的介绍，概述了本地区兰科植物的区系组成及特点。本文从兰科植物属、种的分布提出了四川峨眉山是东亚植物区中划分中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区和中国-日本植物亚区的分界线上的一个重要的点的看法。 相似文献
6.
7.
通过半个世纪以来对金佛山近2000号藓类植物标本的鉴定，现确定金佛山藓类植物有40科，133
属和245种(包括4亚种、9变种和1变型)。其区系成分以东亚成分为主(33．77％)，其次为温带成分
(28．57％)及热带、亚热带成分(24．68％)。文内还全面分析了金佛山藓类植物区系及我国南北8个山区藓
类植物区系之间的关系，用排序方法统计它们之间的相似性与非相似性系数，并着重就金佛山藓类植物区 系的过渡性特点作了探讨，提出在该山区与其邻近地区，存在一个苔藓植物东亚特有属的分布中心。 相似文献
8.
本文根据对舟山群岛种子植物348个种(及种以下分类单位)在18个地理单位的分布状况进行
计算机聚类分析和主成分分析(PCA)，表明了该群岛与我国大陆的浙江和江苏植物区系有着密切的亲
缘关系和相似性；与日本和我国台湾植物区系的联系则不如一般所认为的那样接近，当然，仍有不少十
分有意义的连锁植物存在于三者之间。
舟山群岛在植物区系区划上应为中亚热带北部亚地带，区系特点之一是岛屿植物较发达，而山地森
林区系则与我国南方植物区系相接近。 相似文献
9.
《内蒙古科技与经济》2017,(8)
对陈巴尔虎草甸草原自然保护区维管植物的组成特征、区系地理成分进行了分析,结果表明:该区植物种数较丰富,有维管植物61科240属466种,被子植物占优势。科的组成分析表明,优势科现象十分显著。种的地理成分分析表明,温带成分的种占优势,热带成分的属种所占比例很小,温带属性是该地区植物区系的基本属性。 相似文献
10.
为探讨山地植物区系构成特征及其垂直梯度的生态意义，根据对三峡大老岭地区植被垂直样带
调查获得的植物区系资料，分析了该地区植物区系成分构成的基本特征及其随海拔梯度的变化趋势，寻找了区系平衡点的位置；并利用聚类方法分析了山地气候垂直分异对区系成分构成的影响。结果表明：①大老岭植物区系具有温带性质，但仍反映了与热带区系的历史联系，有强烈的区域性；②属的分布区类型可归为热带分布、温带分布、地中海—中亚中心和东亚中心4组，各组区系成分的垂直梯度特征不同；热带、亚热带成分与温带成分的平衡点大致位于海拔650m；③区系成分构成和属的物种数量构成的聚类分析结果一致显示了植物区系构成与山地气候和植被垂直带相对应的格局。 相似文献
11.
鄂西神农架地区的植被和植物区系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shennungia is generally known as “The highest mountain in Central China”. It is
situated at latitude 31°342'N., longitude 110°35'E. in western Hupeh.
The area explored is deeply cut in all sides by five V-shaped valleys, giving the
landscape a steep topography. Its summit is about 3105 meters above the sea level, and
the relative altitude is from 1000-2000 meters.
The climate of the region is warm temperate. The differences of humidity-warmth
condition between the eastern and the western flanks are quite marked.
In western Hupeh and the adjacent area of Szechuan the rugged topography still
preserves some tracts of natural forests at higher elevations. Our vegetational survey
is confined to localities above 1500 meters. The collection of plant samples of the flora
is extended to the whole mountain from the foothill to the peak. The present article
deals with only a part of the results of our survey.
1. The vertical vegetation belts of Mt. Shennungia and relationships with other
regions: The vegetation belts on the eastern and the western flanks of the mountain
are shown in diagram 2 and 3. The comparison of the vertical vegetation zones of the
Mt. Shennungia with those of the Yülungshan in N. W. Yunnan and the eastern
Himalaya to the west and with those of Hwangshan and Central Japan to the east
is shown in table 4, It shows that the plant communities of the Mt. Shennungia are of
temperate nature, and they are more closely related to those of Hwangshan in S.
Anhwei and of Central Japan than to the eastern Himalaya.
2. Floristic composition: The generic ranges of flowering plant are relatively
distinct and stable. Various distributional patterns of genera are analysized.
1) Statistics of the genera in various distributional patterns: The total number
of genera of flowering plants in this region are 762, belonging to the following four
categories. A) tropical genera 239 (31.3%), B) temperate genera 416 (54.7%), C)
endemic genera 47 (6%), and D) comsmopolitan genera 61 (8%).
2) Endemic genera: An examination of the composition of the flora in western
Hupeh reveals that 47 endemic Chinese genera occur in this mountain of which 24 are
monotypic genera, 20 oligotypic and 2 multitypic as shown in Table 4. The arborescent
genera are nearly all deciduous. They are of temperate nature.
3) Temperate genera: There are 416 genera in wastern Hupeh. They are
subdivides into the following three groups according to their distributional patterns:
A) The north temperate genera: There are 159 genera belonging to 62 families in
western Hupeh. B) Eastern Asian genera: There are 117 genera belonging to 69
families in western Hupeh. Among them 22 are common to the western Szechuan,
adjacent regions of Yunnan and the Eastern Himalaya. The remaining 95 genera are
commom to both eastern China and Japan. C) The Eastern Asian-eastern North-
American genera: Of the total 762 genera known in western Hupeh, 64 are disjunc-
tively distributed in both eastern Asia and eastern North-America.
4) The tropical genera: Of the 762 genera of the flowering plant of western
Hupeh, 239 (31%) are of tropical nature.
Finally, our survey shows: 1. Many of the primitive temperate genera and ende-
mic relicts concentrate in western Hupeh and the adjacent region of Szechuan indica-
ting that it might be one of refuges of tertiary flora. Moreover, it might also be one
of the most important regions of differentiation, development and distribution of tem-
perature flora. 2. The vegetation of this region is not only of temperate nature, but
also of a transitional nature. 3. According to an analysis of the flora and a compari-
son of the vertical distribution of the vegetation of Yülungshan and Eastern Himalaya
to the west with Hwangshan and Central Japan to the east, the floristic affinity of
western Hupeh is more closely related to eastern China and Central Japan rather than
to the Eastern Himalaya, and phytogeographically this region is intermediate between
the Sino-Himalayan and the Sino-Japanese patterns. However, the problem of phyto-
geography of western Hupeh and the adjacent region of Szechuan is a complicated
one requiring further study.
相似文献
12.
中国樟科植物的地理分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李锡文 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1979,17(3):24-40
From the study of the geographical distribution of Chinese lauraceous genera and
species, we may concludely obtained some results as follows:
1) Lauraceous family is a pantropical one in distribution, sometimes it may be
reached to the subtropical or temperate zone. There are 18 genera in China natively.
Among them 17 genera are of the tropical distribution-pattern. The tropical Asia dis-
tribution-pattern, i.e. Indo-malaysian distribution-pattern, is the nucleus of Chinese
lauraceous flora. Only 1 genus is of temperate distribution-pattern, i.e. the East Asia-
North America distribution-pattern. From the analysis of the primitive forms and the
concentration of species in these genera, we may regard that: a) All genera of the
tropical distribution-pattern were originated at Gondwana in the past period. South-
western and Southern China may be the birth-land of some genera of tropical distribu-
tion-pattern because it was the northern boundary of Gondwana in the past period.
b) The genus of temperate distribution-pattern may be originated in the montane
region of Western or South-western China.
2) Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Sichuan are the provinces having laura-
ceous species in abundance. But the provinces having lauraceous endemic species in
abundance are Yunnan, Guangdong, Taiwan,, Guangxi and Sichuan. In general Chinese
lauraceous plants are distributed mainly in south-western and southern parts of China.
The southeastern and southern parts of province Yunnan are of great abundance in
lauraceous species or endemic species. The species amount of lauraceous species in
these two parts of Yunnan is 67.3% of the total species amount of the lauraceous
flora in that province. It may be explained by the fact that a) where it is of existence
of primary forest, b)of great specific endemism in the rocky region and c) the
passway in migration of lauraceous plant from east to west or reverse.
3) The great similarity of lauraceous flora between Yunnan (especially its
western or north-western part) and Xizang (especially its southern or south-eastern
part), as well as between Guangdong and Guangxi, may be exhibited by the background
in perfect harmony of each own flora with environment in the past period. The en-
demism of lauraceous flora in Taiwan and Hainan is manifest from the standpoint of
island's isolation. But the latter is of a more manifest one, because it is situated at
the southern latitude and is more adaptive to the development of lauraceous plant.
4) The deciduous species of lauraceous plant which are the principal elements
in the flora of subtropical or temperate zone, are mainly of inland distribution-pattern.
Their geographical distribution are more concentrated at the montane region of
Western or South-western China. Where it may be the birth-land of the subtropical
or temperate lauraceous species, or even of the whole temperate flora.
相似文献
13.
中国种子植物特有属的数量分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
王荷生 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(4):241-258
Chinese flora with many endemic elements is highly important in the world’s
flora. According to recent statistics there are about 196 genera of spermatophytes, be-
ing 6.5% of total Chinese genera. These endemic genera comprising 377 species belong
to 68 families, among which the Gesneriaceae (28 genera), Umbelliferae (13), Compo-
sitae (13), Orchidaceae (12) and Labiatae (10) are predominant. The tropical type
containing 24 families and 80 genera is dominant. After it follows the temperate type
with 23 families and 50 genera. There are also 4 families endemic to China, i.e. Gin-
kgoaceae, Bretschneideraceae, Eucommiaceae and Davidiaceae. It shows that genera
endemic to China are obviously related to the tropical and temperate flora in essence.
The endemic monotypic genera (139) and endemic obligotypic genera (48) combin-
ed make up more than 95% of the total number of genera endemic to China. Phylo-
genetically more than half of them are ancient or primitive. The life forms of all ende-
mic genera are also diverse. Herbs, especially perennial herbs, prevail with the propor-
tion of about 62%, and trees and shrubs are the next, with 33%, and the rest are lianas.
Based upon the calculated number of genera endemic to China in each province and
the similarity coefficents between any two provinces, some conclusions may be drawn
as follows:
Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces combined are the distribution centre of genera en-
demic to China and may be their original or differentiation area, because numerous
endemic genera, including various groups, exist in these two provinces. The second is
Guizhou where there are 62 endemic genera. Others form a declining order, south
China, central China and east China. But towards the north China endemic genera de-
crease gradually, and the Qinling Range is an important distributional limit.
The largest simitarity coefficient, over 50%, appears between Shaanxi and Gansu
probably because of the Qinling Range linking these two provinces. But between any
other two provinces it is less than 30% and it is generaly larger between two south pro-
vinces than between two north provinces.
These characteristics mentioned above are correlated with topography and climate,
and they may be resulted from the diversification in geography and climatic influence
for a long time. 相似文献
14.
郝日明 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1997,35(6):500-510
中国种子植物特有属是局限分布于中国行政区域范围内的植物成分，就其分布特点看，集中分布于中国南部亚热带广阔区域。由于中国地域广袤，虽然大多数特有属分布在东亚自然地域范围内，但南部特有属的分布范围已进入古热带植物区的马来亚森林植物亚区的北部，而西部的特有属的分布范围已进入青藏高原地区。局限于不同地域分布的特有属，各自的起源发生、所经历的地质历史过程存在一定差别。本文以自然地理区划作为研究中国种子植物特有属分布区类型的依据，将中国特有属分布区类型划分为中国东部和中部特有分布变型、中国南部特有分布变型、中国西部特有分布变型和中国北部特有分布变型4类。其中中国南部特有分布变型所含特有属为热带区系成分，其它3个特有分布变型所含特有属为温带区系成分。这样能较客观地反映中国特有属的自然地理特征，有利于研究局部地区植物区系的地质历史演变过程。 相似文献
15.
杨培君赵桦李会宁张宏杰 《资源科学》2001,23(2):49-52
常青自然保护区以大熊猫及其森林生态系统为保护对象，是生物多样性丰富的区域之一。种子植物146科，1792种，其中有中国种子植物特有属30属，国家保护植物29种；脊椎动物248种，其中国家珍贵保护动物30种。动、植物区系分析表明该区的原始性，南北过渡性以及种类的多样性和分布的复杂性。对该区存在的问题及多种珍稀动、植物栖息地的生物多样性的保护与持续发展的对策进行了探讨。 相似文献
16.
本文结合地史初步探讨了第三纪以来武夷山苔藓植物可能发生的变化。武夷山的苔藓
植物主要为东亚区系成分和旧热带区系成分，与泛北极区系成分的相似性也相当明显。东亚
特有属(5个)系组成武夷山苔藓植物区系的重要因素之一，它低于黄山和西天目山的9个和
7个，与黄山等组成一个共同的苔藓植物东亚特有属的分布中心。从各方面的分析推测，这 类植物可能起源于第三纪，系一类“孑遗植物”。 相似文献