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多服务器环境下网络具有随机性和异构性,导致传统方法由于算法收敛效率低、易出现局部最优等弊端,大大降低网络调度的效率,无法有效完成网络调度,提出一种基于重复博弈算法的多服务器环境下网络调度方法,塑造多服务器环境下网络调度模型,依据网络调度模型以及博弈论原理,通过最优反应函数对多服务器环境下网络进行调度,将其转换成目标规划问题,采用混沌粒子群优化算法对目标规划问题进行求解,从而有效完成多服务器环境下的网络调度。实验结果说明,所提的网络调度方案可提高网络调度的速度以及效率,能够有效处理多服务器环境下网络任务调度过程中出现的问题。 相似文献
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针对传统粒子群算法在供应链销售管理的应用中表现出收敛性不佳的问题,本文提出了一种基于分布式优化粒子群算法的供应链销售管理模型,首先将免疫算法中繁殖策略与基本粒子群算法相结合,保持种群的多样性,然后引入变异操作并结合神经网络中的Sigmoid型函数对粒子群算法的特征子集进行了优化,最后采用最优化学习策略在算法陷入局部最优时跳出来。仿真试验结果表明,本文提出基于分布式优化粒子群算法的供应链销售管理模型,在收敛性能上远远优于标准粒子群算法。 相似文献
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为完善项目群工期-费用优化模型和提高模型求解的精确性及有效性,研究并构建基于混合粒子群算法的集时间、资源和费用的工期压缩模型。首先,根据承包商一致性将工程项目群分成若干个子网络,通过对基于子网络的项目群工期压缩机理分析,剖析资源约束下工期压缩对业主支付费用的影响。其次,以业主支付费用最低为目标,构建单一资源约束下工程项目群工期压缩模型,并进行模型求解的算法设计。最后,结合南水北调江苏段东线一期工程,对其工期进行压缩,通过模型的应用和求解,得到业主支付费用最低的项目群资源调配方案和工期调整方案。研究结果显示:将资源要素考虑在内的工期-费用优化模型更加全面、详细分析工期压缩给项目群、承包商和业主带来的影响,以及人工智能算法在该目标规划模型求解中的有效应用,为项目群工期压缩问题解决提供思路和方法参考。 相似文献
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为了更有效地解决工程施工管理中的多资源均衡问题,将改进的微粒群算法应用到多资源均衡优化中来,利用微粒群算法原理中粒子飞行中位置的进化过程来搜索各工序活动的最优开始时间方案。通过算例证明,该设计的目标函数可以更好地反映多资源均衡程度,同时以粒子群算法来解决此类问题具有搜索精度高,计算结果较为理想,贴近实际的特点,反映了在工程项目管理的多资源均衡优化中的可行性及有效性。文章提出的算法对于工程网络计划中的多资源均衡优化具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
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土石方调配问题在铁路工程项目中普遍存在,直接影响到工程项目的质量、成本和进度,是具有递阶结构特征的运输问题,而线性规划模型不能完全描述其系统特性.为解决这一问题,通过对土石方调配系统中空间、时间关系的分析,建立了一个上层目标为运输总费用最小,下层目标为开挖、填筑项目进度最优的二层规划模型,并构造混合粒子群算法予于实现.工程应用表明,该二层规划模型较好的刻画了土石方调配问题的递阶结构特征,算法可行,调配结果有效改善. 相似文献
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在项目管理过程中,项目的工期与资源作为工程项目实施的基本要素和必不可少的前提条件,直接影响着工程项目的成败。资源优化可以使各种资源的配置更加合理,从而降低项目的总成本。本文基于进化计算的方法,综合考虑多个目标的情况,科学设计适应度函数,通过实例对该模型进行验证,以实现项目工期与资源的均衡优化。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献