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1.
Abstract

Video recordings present many quirks not experienced when purchasing and processing books. We summarize the evaluative processes involved for choosing videos, choosing vendors, and cataloging videos. As these processes involve several units within the library, cross-unit collaboration exploits the expertise of all participants. Our selection policy is largely driven by the curriculum. While we order some feature films, our primary focus is on educational recordings. This presents special problems, as educational video recordings are not advertised or reviewed as widely as books or feature films, and it is therefore more difficult to know what is available. In addition, audiovisual materials present special cataloging and access problems.  相似文献   

2.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):116-121
Abstract

Though infrared spectroscopy is the single most powerful technique for the characterization of materials and though it is widely used in the chemical industries, its application to conservation has been severely limited due to the complexity and limited sample size of the materials presented for examination. In the past decade, the development of infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy has made possible the study of small samples and complex mixtures. The technique of infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy is compared to conventional infrared spectroscopy with reference to spectra of paper, egg yolk, albumin, madder, Indian yellow, purpurin, alizarin, indigo, and linseed oil.  相似文献   

3.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):257-266
Abstract

A study of the accelerated light fading behavior of face-mounted color photographic materials has shown that alterations on the surface of the materials influence their fading characteristics. With the help of spectral density measurements it became apparent that the application of materials such as silicone rubber, adhesive film and acrylic sheeting, but also laminating films, onto the surface of the prints accelerated the degradation of the colorants, especially the yellow dye, in chromogenic materials. In the case of silver dye bleach materials, however, the opposite effect was observed. The influence of the material combination on the stability of face mounted color photographic prints was demonstrated to vary considerably. In order to better assess the inherent damage potential of the materials themselves, these were examined by means of instrumental analysis and measurements of pollutant gasses. Besides off-gassing compounds such as acetic acid and changes in pH caused by aging of the adhesive, face-mounting with a rigid plastic sheet (acrylic glazing) also affected the respective fading behavior of the various materials that were tested.  相似文献   

4.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):138-139
Abstract

The Oddy test is an 'accelerated' corrosion test employed by museums to evaluate the suitability of materials proposed for use in display and storage cases, The standard Oddy test requires a 28-day test period, and the results are assessed by visual observation. This paper describes an improved test method, which could reduce the length of the test period by half The improved method uses metal films as substitutes for the traditional metal coupons posing as 'surrogate art object', The new test results are then evaluated by computer with digital image processing for more objective selection of less corrosive materials.  相似文献   

5.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):168-174
Abstract

The history, materials and technique of an early fifteenth-century wall painting, St Michael Weighing Souls, are described. The pigments are typical of mediaeval Spain but the methods by which they were applied show a sophisticated understanding of their optical properties. Complex mechanisms of deterioration in some areas of colour are discussed, together with the rationale, materials and methods used in the conservation treatment.  相似文献   

6.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):139-149
Abstract

The study of the structure and materials of ancient works of art has been much intensified with the development and use of improved analytical techniques. It was considered desirable to apply an X-ray fluorescence technique which could scan polished cross-sections of paint materials embedded in plastic. Layer thicknesses of 20–50 μ were successfully surveyed with an X-ray macroprobe attached to a fine-focus vacuum X-ray spectrograph. Elements above atomic number 16 in areas of 50 μ diameter were successfully detected and precisely located in the cross-section. The method has been applied particularly to the study of the technique of Rembrandt and Lievens paintings.  相似文献   

7.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):94-101
Abstract

The Weisz ring oven technique is a rapid and sensitive yet simple method for the qualitative analysis of pigments and other inorganic materials of interest in conservation. Ions can be both separated and concentrated prior to spot-testing. The method possesses several advantages over the conventional spot plate tests.  相似文献   

8.

Diverse viewpoints have emerged over whether male or female characters endure the brunt of the violence depicted in the subgenre of horror movies commonly referred to as “slasher” films. In order to address this issue, a content analysis of 10 slasher movies was conducted. Although the data reveal that death and destruction are predominant components of slasher films, there is no evidence of a systematic bias in the appearances or deaths of protagonists as a function of gender. Other content attributes of these films are examined and their implications discussed.  相似文献   

9.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):175-178
Abstract

The sculpture of St Gines de la Jara in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum, dated 1692, is an outstanding example of the estofado technique of imitating brocade in gold leaf and paint. The life-size figure retains most of its original polychromy. In previous restoration treatments, there had been an unsuccessful attempt to simulate the estofado. The present treatment included a comprehensive technical examination, using X-radiography to identify construction techniques and cross-sectional analysis for the layer structure and materials. The decoration of the sculpture was carefully studied with the goal of understanding more clearly the technique of the estofador. A cleaning strategy was then devised. Where there were losses in the estofado, it was decided to aim for a chromatic compensation using watercolours, rather than attempting to duplicate the original process.  相似文献   

10.
Summary

The Myers-Briggs personality typology provides a useful tool for characterizing the probable personality types of librarians portrayed in films. In this study, the probable personality types of librarians in 28 films are determined. Then comparisons with the personality types reported in Scherdin (1994) are made. Sex roles and stereotyping are revealed by these comparisons and are discussed.  相似文献   

11.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):176-188
Abstract

The non-saponifiable fractions of the principal drying oils have been examined by gas and thin-layer chromatography and found to be qualitatively similar though varying in the relative amounts of sterols present. In the case of aged paint films it has been found that these sterols have largely disappeared from unpigmented films and those containing light red and lead white as pigment, though they survive quite well in the presence of verdigris. Similarly cholesterol was not found to survive well in egg tempera films. Doubt is felt as to the value of such analyses as an approach to paint medium identification.  相似文献   

12.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):143-144
Abstract

Oil paints dry by polymerization. This 'drying' process may be substantially complete and the surface of the paint film dry to the touch within weeks, but measurable changes continue for years. Other, slower processes also continue, primarily hydrolysis of glyceride esters. This produces carboxylic acid groups as either free fatty acids (in the case of acid groups that have not reacted otherwise) or acid groups bound to the crosslinked oil matrix (in the case of acid groups that have engaged in polymerization reactions). These may react with pigments to form carboxylate salts (called soaps in the case of a fatty acid). These changes affect the physical properties of the paint and the way that conservation treatments affect it. This paper examines the extent of hydrolysis and soap formation in some naturally aged drying oil and paint films, the extractability of these materials in organic solvents, and measured and predicted changes over time in the physical properties of naturally aged paint films. Long-term physical and mechanical changes due to aging are minor compared to those produced by overcleaning or excessive exposure to heat.  相似文献   

13.
《Communication Teacher》2013,27(2):71-76
Objectives: After completing this project, students will be able to: (a) use health communication research and theory to create educational materials; (b) analyze an audience and develop creative educational materials based on audience characteristics; and (c) consult with key constituents during the development of educational materials

Courses: Health Communication; Gender and Health Communication; Senior Capstone  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

This work presents a study of samples of the mural painting The Allegory of the Industrial Development of São Paulo (Alegoria ao Desenvolvimento Industrial Paulista), made in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, by the artist Fulvio Pennacchi. Using transmitted light petrographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray fluorescence, the stratigraphy, the textures, the mineralogy, and the chemical compositions of the mural were established; therefore the painting techniques, pigments, and materials applied by the artist were identified. The mural was painted with the fresco technique and variations. This technique involves the use of materials of mineral origin, both in the support and for the pigments. About the artist’s relevance, Fulvio Pennacchi is considered an important muralist of his time, being one of the pioneers in the production of frescoes in Brazil. The mural, measuring approximately 11?×?6?m, painted in 1954, was removed from where it was originally made, in consequence of a fire that affected the place. Specialized engineers transported it, and today it is stored awaiting restoration. The data presented here can support the process of restoration of the mural, as well as contribute to the improvement of protocols for the analysis of works of art, and to the historical record of mural painting techniques over time.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

Brazil is a unique and vibrant country. Researching the diverse cultures of Brazil, although a fascinating pursuit for many individuals, is made difficult by the vast amount of information available for this topic, published in many different languages. In an effort to bring together materials from various sources, assess their quality, and provide a listing of high quality titles, this bibliography presents a compilation of relevant materials from a wide variety of resources.  相似文献   

16.
none 《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):68-71
Abstract

This paper describes the examination and treatment of three polychrome wooden sculptures by Pedro de Mena, an important seventeenth-century Spanish sculptor. These were three interesting cases, involving not only the usual conservation processes but also special situations such as the recovery of a glass eye, the replacement of missing parts and polychromy with the help of old photographs, and the analysis of a sculpture where the flesh colours varied depending on whether or not they had been exposed to sunlight. Our understanding of polychrome sculpture technique is enriched with new information concerning the blues of the cloaks, coloured glazes, and materials added to the paint to achieve different effects.  相似文献   

17.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(1-2):107-121
Summary

This paper describes examples of changes that occur within a serials unit's work flow when a library migrates to an integrated library system (INNOPAC). In this particular library, the organization and physical arrangement of materials also has changed, compounding the situation.  相似文献   

18.
《Communication Teacher》2013,27(2):94-99
Objectives: The purpose of this assignment is to increase students’ understanding of health campaign messages and material design. Upon completing this assignment, students should be able to:

  • Understand the importance of effective health campaign material design and the potential problems and implications of ineffective health campaign materials,

  • Evaluate health campaign materials for clarity and readability, and

  • Design effective health campaign materials that are clear and readable for the lay person.

Courses: Health Communication, Communication and Aging, Health Literacy, Health and Medicine Writing, Social Marketing, Health Message Design  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

The author discusses the practical nature of Internet legal research by providing examples of actual research problems solved on the Internet and by providing a selective listing of Internet legal resources for judicial materials, federal legislative and administrative materials, and state materials.  相似文献   

20.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):46-53
Abstract

The collection of paintings by Velázquez in the Museo del Prado is important both because of the number of works — about 50 — and because of their quality and significance. It includes the Feast of Bacchus (The Drunkards), the Forge of Vulcan, Christ on the Cross, the Surrender of Breda (The Lances), the Fable of Arachne (The Spinners), Las Meninas and various royal portraits. Most of these works are in very good condition, which is essential for a proper study of the painter's technique and his development; in addition, since their source is the royal collection, they are well documented. Since 1982 most of the works by Velázquez in the Museo del Prado have been submitted to technical examination and to restoration. The technical studies included X-radiography, infrared reflectography, and analysis of the supports and materials, allowing us to establish the characteristics of each painting (technique, changes in composition, condition, history) and the development ofthe artist through the changes in his technique. Restoration consisted basically of consolidating the paint layers, moderate cleaning and the inpainting oflacunae. The only exception to the general good condition of the paintings was The Spinners, which presented a serious problem of craquelure and lack of adhesion in the paint layer.  相似文献   

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