共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
本文以企业数字化转型为背景,以世界银行中国制造企业微观调查数据为研究样本,探究转型中国家政策不确定性对企业创新数字化的作用机制。研究结果表明：政策不确定性促进企业创新链数字化。机制检验结果表明双元创新行为（探索式与利用式）在政策不确定性与企业创新数字化之间产生部分中介作用,且边界机制检验结果表明市场非正规竞争与企业寻租会抑制政策不确定性与企业创新数字化的正向关系。经济后果检验结果表明政策不确定性通过强化创新数字化最终促进了企业创新绩效。本研究为转型中国家审视创新数字化的驱动机理提供了新的微观证据,为企业以及政府推动创新数字化提供管理与政策启示。 相似文献
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国外推进自主创新的政策模式及其对我国建设创新型城市的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从创新的含义与创新理论渊源出发，在总结国外推进自主创新政策一般模式的基础上，认为目前国外推进自主创新政策措施主要集中在部门之间合作、创新基础设施建设、知识产权保护、人才的流动与培养、政府对创新活动的管理以及区域创新政策的协调等方面，旨在形成企业、科研机构、高校、消费群体、政府部门共同组成的创新集群环境。这对于城市创新政策缺乏协同性和集成度的我国来说。努力构建和谐统一的创新政策环境，加大创新基础设施建设，加强知识产权保护与人才队伍建设，使创新资源集中化发展，形成集群化的创新源，是我国建设创新型城市中必须重视的问题。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(1):104400
In standard economic theory, government support of science is expected to confer external benefits and ‘crowd-in’ additional private sector research. However, higher rates of economic growth from this effect are not easily discerned from the long run data, and government and business financed R&D have moved in opposite directions (as a proportion of GDP) since the early 1960s in the US and elsewhere. This paper looks at potential sources of ‘crowding out’ as well as ‘crowding in,’ and compares standard analysis with a ‘contribution good’ model of science. Two different policy issues are identified – the assembly of ‘critical mass’ for the ‘kick starting’ of commercial science, and the expansion of commercial science beyond its ‘private equilibrium’. We analyse the allocation of scarce business as well as scientific skills between sectors. The model produces regions of both crowding in and out. The latter dominates for very high wages in the public sector as the government deprives the private sector of the means to exploit new knowledge. 相似文献
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与西方发达国家以大学为主体的内生型模式不同,我国知识创新体系建设的关键是推动知识创新主体间系统性的机构联合、过程整合、功能耦合。从"三重融合"角度,采用内容分析法,对我国1955—2017年间346份政策文本进行计量分析,发现政策颁布趋势的阶段性特征明显;知识创新机构联合和过程整合中学习工具与权威工具应用过多,功能耦合政策总体占比权重过少,且缺乏自愿性工具以及沟通和监管工具。认为我国知识创新机构联合政策需加强大学和科研院所分类指导政策的制定与实施;过程整合政策需更加注重教学与科研的平衡;功能耦合政策需更多引入自愿性工具以及沟通和监管工具。 相似文献
5.
Olof Hallonsten 《普罗米修斯》2017,35(1):21-35
The third sector of national innovation systems comprises non-academic, publicly owned R&D organizations that complement universities and private-sector firms and are normally called ‘research institutes’. Scholarly attention to these organizations has been scarce, partly a consequence of the theoretical imbalance in favor of conceptualizations of innovation processes as requiring mainly universities, private-sector firms, and governmental authorities to occur and succeed. Similarly, while this third sector often makes up a significant share of national innovation systems, it receives less attention in national research and innovation policy than do, say, universities. This paper argues that the role(s) and function(s) of third sector research institutes deserve to be mapped and analyzed in greater detail in order to understand how various organizational actors interact to produce innovation. From a comprehensive literature review and basic analysis of three institute groups in three Nordic countries, the paper makes a first preliminary analysis of the topic. While this analysis yields some interesting conclusions, its main function is to point the way for future studies. In these, other actors in the system should be investigated in thorough empirical studies, armed with tools from classic sociological systems theory that enhance the conceptual strength of the innovation systems framework and enable the acknowledgement of the role(s) and function(s) of several important organizational actors, not least research institutes. 相似文献
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以研究科学技术政策的国际权威期刊《Research Policy》（科研政策）于1974-2016年刊载的2855篇文献作为数据样本,运用科学知识图谱方法,获取国际科技政策研究成果的机构、国家、区域分布;通过高频主题词分析,确定国际科技政策研究的热点领域;通过检测词频变动趋势显著的主题词确定国际科技政策研究的前沿领域与发展趋势变化,分析科技政策国际研究的演变历程。研究表明,科技政策国际研究在过去42年间发生了明显的变化,主要体现为：研究范围由早期零星的“科技政策”相关探索发展到目前注重“科技政策学”的科学规范化研究,研究视角由国家层面的宏观研究向微观倾斜,研究热点由知识管理、国家创新系统等扩展到开放式创新、三螺旋创新、团队知识创造等多样化研究。同时发现,科技政策国际研究在早期主要受到纳尔逊（RR Nelson）国家创新系统理论和波特（ME Porter）国家竞争优势理论的影响,而当前主要受到开放式创新理论、三重螺旋创新理论的影响。本文的研究为更加全面地了解科技政策国际研究的发展脉络和演化进程,把握该领域的知识基础、研究热点与发展方向提供了新的参考及依据。 相似文献
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Nola Hewitt-Dundas 《Research Policy》2012,41(2):262-275
As the innovation process has become more open and networked, Government policy in the UK has sought to promote both research excellence in the university sector and the translation of this into economic benefit through university-business engagement. However, this policy approach has tended to be applied uniformly with little account for organisational differences within the sector. In this paper we consider if differences between universities in their research performance is reflected in their knowledge transfer activity. Specifically, as universities develop a commercialization agenda are the strategic priorities for knowledge transfer, the organisational supports in place to facilitate knowledge transfer and the scale and scope of knowledge transfer activity different for high research intensive (HRI) and low research intensive (LRI) universities? The findings demonstrate that universities’ approach to knowledge transfer is shaped by institutional and organisational resources, in particular their ethos and research quality, rather than the capability to undertake knowledge transfer through a Technology Transfer Office (TTO). Strategic priorities for knowledge transfer are reflected in activity, in terms of the dominance of specific knowledge transfer channels, the partners with which universities engage and the geography of business engagement. 相似文献
8.
通信设备产业和医药产业都是中国重点支持发展的高新技术产业,但两个产业的差异也显而易见:通信设备产业具备较强的创新能力,无论是企业竞争力还是企业创新成果都从最初的毫无国际影响发展到处于国际领先水平。本文运用产业创新系统框架,对两个产业进行了比较分析。研究认为,产业知识基础(如技术机会)、行为人和网络(如市场需求、研发合作、政府支持等)和制度基础(如知识产权制度)三个方面能够一定程度的说明两个产业创新能力产生差异的原因。 相似文献
9.
针对企业信息化咨询的创新问题,通过综述企业信息化咨询的实践与理论研究现状,提出咨询服务与软件产品是企业信息化咨询中的两类产品,两者在知识服务与知识创新的层面上具备一体化的基础和意义。通过引入新增长理论,在知识生产层面确立了两者的一体化的理论依据,进而借助知识生产理论,分别提出了以个人和组织为主体的、基于"创新-扩散"的知识生产过程的企业信息化咨询的知识生产模式。对企业信息化咨询的创新研究提出了新思路。 相似文献
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企业创新生态系统资源互补不确定性及策略 《科学学研究》2022,40(12):2272-2280
为实现创新生态系统的持续发展,焦点企业需要审时度势地构建互补性资源。然而,这一过程中焦点企业需要克服强烈的集体不确定性。聚焦“创新生态系统焦点企业如何克服集体不确定性以构建互补资源？”这一核心问题,本研究通过对吉利和小米两家案例企业进行对比分析,紧扣创新生态系统的要素特征,解构分析了焦点企业在构建互补性资源过程中面临来自“主体维”和“功能维”的两种集体不确定性。基于此,本研究引入“塑造—顺应”两种企业应对不确定性的战略姿态框架作为中间解释机制,析出了知识基拓展、生态目标更新、系统知识定义、互补者关系引导四种资源互补策略。由此,本研究发展整合了“创新生态系统集体不确定性-战略姿态选择-资源互补策略选择”的分析框架,刻画了创新生态系统情境不确定性下企业构建资源互补性的独特路径,贡献于创新生态系统情境下企业资源互补以及集体不确定性的相关文献。 相似文献
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Whereas recent scholarly research has provided many insights about universities engaging in commercial activities, there is still little empirical evidence regarding the opposite phenomenon of companies disseminating scientific knowledge. Our paper aims to fill this gap and explores the motivations of firms that disclose research outcomes in a scientific format. Besides considering a dimension internal to the firm, we focus particularly on knowledge sourcing from academic institutions and the appropriability regime. We conduct an econometric analysis with firm-level data from the fourth edition of the French innovation survey (CIS) and matched scientific publications for a sample of 2512 R&D performing firms from all manufacturing sectors. This analysis provides evidence that firms are more likely to adopt academic principles if they need to access scientific knowledge that is considered important for their innovation development, whereas the mere existence of collaborative links with academic institutions is not a strong determinant. Furthermore, the results suggest that the inclination of firms to publish is sensitive to the level of knowledge spillovers in a sector and the effectiveness of legal appropriation instruments. 相似文献
13.
机构库建设与组织的知识集成探讨 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文讨论了目前在世界范围内蓬勃开展的机构知识库的特点、资源内容、代表性项目与技术系统,另外对作为研究热点的知识管理体系中知识集成的定义与模式加以探讨.通过分析认为,建设机构知识库可作为组织的知识集成的有效手段之一,实现组织内外的知识与知识集成、知识与人集成、知识与实践集成,并实现传统学术交流方式不易实现的隐性知识与显性知识集成,促进组织的知识创新,提高核心竞争力.机构知识库的建设可以丰富知识集成的理论与实践. 相似文献
14.
Helge Godoe 《Research Policy》2000,29(9):657
By introducing the concept of innovation regimes, the aim of this article is to show how the rapid pace of technological development in the telecom sector may be explained by the close links between the sector's own R&D and the creation of numerous innovations, many of which are radical. In contemporary innovation theory, a theoretical antinomy exists: Whereas, the creation of incremental innovations is variously explained in terms of «rational» responses to markets, dynamics of technological regimes, dominant design, etc., radical innovations, in contrast, are explained in terms of serendipity, chance or haphazard scientific discoveries. Evidence from analysis of innovations in the telecom sector suggests that innovation regimes have provided a capability of coordination, direction and leadership in the creation of many of the radical technological innovations that have emerged in the sector. Thus, one may claim that the strong innovation regimes and high R&D intensity of the telecom sector, at least until recently, have provided a capability of creating innovations on purpose — for a purpose. The policy implications of this contradict some of the assumptions on which the prevailing market-oriented R&D governance models and policies are based — and which are supported by contemporary innovation theories. 相似文献
15.
技术创新是协调环境规制与工业行业的产业绩效这对矛盾体的有效途径,学术界对环境规制与工业技术创新之间关系的观点存在分歧,需要在理论和经验上进一步证实。本文建立了环境规制与工业技术创新关系的理论模型,并采用2003-2012年间我国35个工业行业的面板数据,考虑异质性行业的环境治理动机差异,实证检验了环境规制对工业技术创新的影响。研究表明:环境规制对工业技术创新的影响趋势呈现"U"型曲线特征,即弱环境规制不利于工业技术创新,而当环境规制强度达到"U"型曲线拐点以后,环境规制会促进工业行业的技术创新。污染密集行业比清洁行业的"U"型拐点出现更晚,污染密集行业的技术创新对环境规制的反应更慢,目前两类行业的环境规制强度都处在曲线拐点的左侧。因此,我国应提高环境规制强度达到一个合理的区间,同时对于不同类型的工业行业采取差异化的环境规制政策,从而有效推动我国工业技术创新能力的提升。 相似文献
16.
设计有效的激励契约以引导高管在资源约束条件下进行理性的技术创新战略选择是提高中小企业创新能力的关键途径。本文采用2007~2014年中国中小上市公司的平衡面板数据，运用均值T检验与多元回归分析等方法实证检验了高管股权激励对中小企业双元性创新战略选择的影响。结果表明：授予高管股权激励的中小企业，自主研发投入水平、突破性创新与渐进性创新水平等均明显高于其他中小企业；在技术创新路径方面，股权激励强度越大，中小企业越倾向于选择内部自主研发，而非外部技术引进；在技术创新模式方面，股权激励强度与突破性创新模式之间存在显著的倒U型关系，这是传统委托代理理论与行为代理模型共同作用的结果。研究结论为创新导向的公司治理制度设计提供了理论借鉴与实践参考。 相似文献
17.
基于2008—2017年中国A股制造业上市公司数据以及企业所在城市地方政府工作报告的文本分析,考察普惠化制度安排和选择性直接支持对企业研发绩效的影响及其异质性创新治理效应。研究发现：（1）与选择性直接支持相比,普惠化制度安排能够更精准地促进企业高质量研发产出,且其创新促进作用更持久;（2）政府参与创新的两种方式对企业高质量研发产出存在协同促进作用;（3）普惠化制度安排能够缓解不完善的市场化环境对企业研发活动的负面影响,而选择性直接支持的创新促进作用在较高的市场化水平下才能充分实现;（4）普惠化制度安排对不同生命周期企业的研发绩效均有显著促进作用,而选择性直接支持的政策效果在成长期企业中更显著。政府应在进一步优化现有选择性、差异化直接支持政策的同时,更加注重通过功能性、普惠化的制度安排推动国家创新治理体系完善和优化。 相似文献
18.
建立科学有效的创新驱动导向评价体系是创新驱动发展落地有效的重要保障。目前学术界关于创新驱动导向评价体系的研究主要涵盖国家、区域、企业三个层面,研究方法主要以“投入——产出分析法”和“多维层次分析法”,指标选择以定量指标为主。本文系统梳理了国内外有关创新驱动导向的理论和方法研究,从创新驱动导向的发展脉络、研究方法和指标选择三个角度,阐述了创新驱动导向的研究现状和存在问题。并从建立R D资本化的国民经济核算体系、增强创新体系评价的政绩考核多元化以及建立国有企业和科技创新型小微企业的创新激励机制等方面指出未来研究方向为我国新常态经济下,建立和完善创新驱动导向的评价体系提供了科学的理论指导和政策启示。 相似文献
19.
Yanuar Nugroho 《Research Policy》2011,40(5):761-777
Despite the considerable attention paid to research into the adoption of technological innovations in the public and private sectors, little attention has been paid to such research in organisations within the voluntary or third sector. As a result, many things remain unknown: the patterns of uptake and adoption in the voluntary sector; the process of the transformation, both within the organisations and in the implementation of the innovation; and the implications of such uptake. This paper attempts to address these problems by focusing on civil society organisations (CSOs) as a subset of groups within the voluntary sector. At a theoretical level, this research is concerned with the diffusion of innovation and its effects on the practice of social movements in general, and of CSOs in particular. Using the experiences of CSOs in Indonesia, as a latecomer economy, these concerns are explored through the analysis of two related empirical issues: (i) the links between innovation and organisational performance and (ii) the construction of innovation diffusion and impacts in organisations that define those links. 相似文献
20.
本文基于2009-2019沪深A股上市公司数据,探讨了同群企业的技术创新行为对目标公司自身创新决策的影响,以及企业面临的制度环境、不确定性对同群效应的调节作用。研究发现：中国上市公司的技术创新行为存在显著的行业同群效应；市场化程度、知识产权保护程度以及政策不确定性正向调节同群效应,企业经营环境不确定性负向调节同群效应；无政治关联的企业创新的同群效应更容易受到政策环境不确定性的影响,行业领导者创新的同群效应更容易受到经营环境不确定性的影响。 相似文献