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1.
“境界”说,是中国近代学者王国维的著名词学理论,在学术界颇有影响,对推动古典诗词的研究有很大的裨益。王国维说,词以有“境界”为最佳,有“境界”方能自成“高格”,自有名句。唐五代和北宋词所以能够“独绝”词坛,原因即在此。而境界说中尤以“有我之境”与“无我之境”的提出为佳,这是对中国古代文学的总结及发展,对后世的影响极为深远。一、对“有我之境”与“无我之境”的理解《人间词话》开宗明义便说:“词以境界为最上。”接着为境界规定了两个基本审美形态:“有有我之境,有无我之境。‘采菊东篱下,悠然见南山’。‘寒波澹澹起,白鸟…  相似文献   

2.
王国维的境界说与皎然的取境说既有联系又有区别。在情境关系上,两者都强调主观和客观的统一,但皎然重心性以禅境论诗境;王国维明确提出情景交融及“事境”理论,拓宽了意境内涵;在对“真”的推崇上,两者“真”内涵都有诗意的真实之义,但皎然之真与佛性玄心相关,王国维之真与赤子之心相关;在意境创作方法上,两者都认识到意境创造有虚有实,应虚实结合,皎然提倡苦思与灵感结合,王国维更强调意境是主体在客体基础上的发挥和能动创造;在对后天文学修养对意境的决定性作用的重视方面,皎然注重主体的悟性,王国维则精妙剖析意境创造的过程;在语言对意境创造的作用上,二人都反对多用典,提倡清新的风格,但皎然注重辞藻的修饰,王国维注重锤炼字句。  相似文献   

3.
意境论   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
“意境”是中国古典美学和文艺心理学一个重要的审美心理范畴。“意境”乃“意中之境”;境生象外、境缘于情、境赖于思为其主要的审美心理特质。  相似文献   

4.
"境界说"是王国维艺术理论和美学思想的核心,其概念采自传统诗学,而融之以西学精神,是传统诗论与西方诗学精神合铸的一块精钢。"境界"理论,不仅是王国维个人在诗学方面的艰辛探索而获得的卓越成就,更是将中华民族几千年文明智慧与西方古典哲学结合的美学典范之作。  相似文献   

5.
中国古代“境界论” 索隐   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
“境界”(意境)包含着情与景,但绝不是一般的情景交融。“境界”(意境)的审美特质主要有三:一是因心造境的审美具象性;二是以形写神的审美表现性;三是以情动人的审美感染性。“境界”(意境)的生成是“虚实相合”,“虚实相合”的媒介有三种:相似点、牵连点和相反点。“境界”(意境)的审美效果是“境外有境”。林纾的“文境论”强调作者心境、修养对“文境”的决定作用是“扩前人所未发”。如果说“言志、缘情传统”是“境界论”(意境论)的历史基础,“立象尽意说”、“无外之境说”、“因心生境说”是它的哲学基础,那么,人与自然的和谐关系则是“境界论”(意境论)的文化基础。  相似文献   

6.
长期以来,学界对王国维“有我之境”美学特征的阐释异说纷呈,存在严重分歧,并形成迥然有异的两个意见派别。一派认定,有我之境的特征为“以我观物”,“物皆著我之色彩”;另一派则主张用“观我”和“意余于境”来概括该境界的特征。前者立足点局囿于王氏对有我之境的个别提法,失之浮浅,但其忠实于文本的研究态度及试图沟通王氏有关诸说的努力有值得肯定之处;后者探到了王氏“有我之境”理论话语的深层意向,却规避对其中“有我之境,以我观物,故物皆著我之色彩”一说加以辨析,因而留下一处思维上的盲区。要获致对有我之境美学特征的科学理解,需要把问题置于王国维“境界”说的整体联系之中,全面考察、综合分析王氏关于有我之境的各种言论,对上述两派的研究思路予以批判性的整合,扬弃其各自的片面性  相似文献   

7.
辛词雄潭沉郁,达到词之胜境,辛词意境的创造,是多角度、多类型的,有造境、写境;有我之境、无我之境;始境、又境、终境;诗人之境.常人之境等等,从而构成多侧面、多层次的审美境界。  相似文献   

8.
王国维的“境界说”在中国的词学理论史上具有重大而深远的影响。“有我之境”与“无我之境”之间的差别。在于“我相”的泯灭与否,而“我相”的泯灭不是“我”的肉身或自然属性是否消亡,而是“我”的本质的自然消隐。  相似文献   

9.
本文认为王国维的“无我之境”是文学艺术高层次的审美境界,是对中国传统艺术的总的概括。“无我之境”是从老庄虚静的哲学理论生发出来的,是一种升华了的积淀着丰富内涵的审美范畴。  相似文献   

10.
中国文化强调生命超越境界,这不仅体现在人生哲学上,且体现在美学诗学上。无论是儒家、道家还是佛教,都将人生作为审美境界的出发点和归宿。本文分四方面讨论了:儒道释的和谐、妙道、圆融的人生自由之境;孔子的十年一境和王国维的三个境界说;冯友兰的人生四层境界说;唐君毅的心灵九境和傅伟勋的生命十境说。强调从传统向现代的文化转型中,重新审理和关注中国文化境界说,发扬其有价值有生命力的一面,使东方文化精神在新世纪的中西文化思想对话中重展其精神勉力。  相似文献   

11.
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.  相似文献   

12.
风的曲线     
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.  相似文献   

13.
Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.  相似文献   

14.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

15.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

16.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

17.
Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.  相似文献   

18.
汉字倒说     
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。  相似文献   

19.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.  相似文献   

20.
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