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1.
Jennifer S. Milligan 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):359-367
Curious Archives examines the creation of the museum of archives, the Musée de l’Histoire de France, at the Imperial Archives
of France under the direction of Leon de Laborde, 1858–1867. This museum was intended as a crucial tool for publicizing the
Archives and educating the public, but also represented a break from the Archives’ role as administrative storehouse both
in practice and in the popular imagination. The museum’s conception and reception reveal conflicts around the Archives’ mission
and contents, particularly regarding public interest, the potential dangers of public curiosity, and nature of documentary
and historical knowledge in nineteenth-century France.
相似文献
| Jennifer S. MilliganEmail: |
2.
Norbert Fuhr 《Information Retrieval》2008,11(3):251-265
The classical Probability Ranking Principle (PRP) forms the theoretical basis for probabilistic Information Retrieval (IR)
models, which are dominating IR theory since about 20 years. However, the assumptions underlying the PRP often do not hold,
and its view is too narrow for interactive information retrieval (IIR). In this article, a new theoretical framework for interactive
retrieval is proposed: The basic idea is that during IIR, a user moves between situations. In each situation, the system presents
to the user a list of choices, about which s/he has to decide, and the first positive decision moves the user to a new situation.
Each choice is associated with a number of cost and probability parameters. Based on these parameters, an optimum ordering
of the choices can the derived—the PRP for IIR. The relationship of this rule to the classical PRP is described, and issues
of further research are pointed out.
相似文献
| Norbert FuhrEmail: |
3.
A questionnaire was circulated to librarians and learning support staff in all 109 UK universities asking how they were dealing
with material only available in print, accessing electronic copies of books for print-disabled students and whether they felt
a change in the law was required to make publishers take greater responsibility for accessibility issues. At the same time
publishers’ policies were retrieved and an interview was conducted with a senior manager at JISC TechDis, the disabilities
section of the Joint Information Systems Committee. Findings: While some publishers are going to considerable lengths to be
helpful, others are not, and many learning support staff are struggling, either through lack of time or finance or both, to
deliver the level of service they aspire to provide. An overwhelming majority of respondents to the questionnaire believe
on grounds of cost and morals that there should be a change in the law, either by way of amendment to existing legislation
or through the creation of a separate Act.
相似文献
| Guy WhitehouseEmail: |
4.
To put an end to the large copyright trade deficit, both Chinese government agencies and publishing houses have been striving
for entering the international publication market. The article analyzes the background of the going-global strategy, and sums
up the performance of both Chinese administrations and publishers.
相似文献
| Qing Fang (Corresponding author)Email: |
5.
Precision prediction based on ranked list coherence 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We introduce a statistical measure of the coherence of a list of documents called the clarity score. Starting with a document list ranked by the query-likelihood retrieval model, we demonstrate the score's relationship to query ambiguity with respect to the collection. We also show that the clarity score is correlated with the average precision of a query and lay the groundwork for useful predictions by discussing a method of setting decision thresholds automatically. We then show that passage-based clarity scores correlate with average-precision measures of ranked lists of passages, where a passage is judged relevant if it contains correct answer text, which extends the basic method to passage-based systems. Next, we introduce variants of document-based clarity scores to improve the robustness, applicability, and predictive ability of clarity scores. In particular, we introduce the ranked list clarity score that can be computed with only a ranked list of documents, and the weighted clarity score where query terms contribute more than other terms. Finally, we show an approach to predicting queries that perform poorly on query expansion that uses techniques expanding on the ideas presented earlier.
相似文献
| W. Bruce CroftEmail: |
6.
This paper reviews the archival process at the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a repository
of digital social science data, and maps ICPSR’s Ingest and Access operations to the Open Archival Information System (OAIS)
Reference Model. The paper also assesses ICPSR’s conformance with the archival responsibilities of “trusted” OAIS repositories,
with the proviso that audit criteria for archival certification are still under development. The ICPSR to OAIS mapping exercise
has benefits for the larger social science archiving community because it provides an interpretation of the reference model
in the quantitative social science environment and points to preservation-related issues that may be salient for other social
science archives. Building on the archives’ long tradition of shared norms and cooperation, we may ultimately be able to design
a federated system of trusted social science repositories that provides access to the global heritage.
相似文献
| Cole WhitemanEmail: |
7.
Through a reading of the archived letters of Henry Garnet (1555–1606), Superior of the Jesuit order in England and suspected
Gunpowder plotter, this article investigates the nature of the archive in relation to narrative theory. Figuring the archive
as one of the number of narrating voices accrued by the individual record, I argue that models of communication such as those
put forward by Roman Jakobson, Wayne C. Booth and Seymour Chatman afford useful insights into the ways in which power is inscribed
and reinscribed in the record through successive acts of reading and rewriting.
Paul Wake is a Senior Lecturer in English Literature at Manchester Metropolitan University. He is the author of Conrad’s Marlow (2007), editor, with Simon Malpas, of The Routledge Companion to Critical Theory (2006), and he has published articles on narrative theory and postmodernism. 相似文献
| Paul WakeEmail: |
Paul Wake is a Senior Lecturer in English Literature at Manchester Metropolitan University. He is the author of Conrad’s Marlow (2007), editor, with Simon Malpas, of The Routledge Companion to Critical Theory (2006), and he has published articles on narrative theory and postmodernism. 相似文献
8.
Jacob Soll 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):331-342
This article examines the archival methods developed by Colbert to train his son in state administration. Based on Colbert’s
correspondence with his son, it reveals the practices Colbert thought necessary to collect and manage information in his state
encyclopedic archive during the last half of the 17th century.
相似文献
| Jacob SollEmail: |
9.
Query Expansion is commonly used in Information Retrieval to overcome vocabulary mismatch issues, such as synonymy between
the original query terms and a relevant document. In general, query expansion experiments exhibit mixed results. Overall TREC
Genomics Track results are also mixed; however, results from the top performing systems provide strong evidence supporting
the need for expansion. In this paper, we examine the conditions necessary for optimal query expansion performance with respect
to two system design issues: IR framework and knowledge source used for expansion. We present a query expansion framework
that improves Okapi baseline passage MAP performance by 185%. Using this framework, we compare and contrast the effectiveness
of a variety of biomedical knowledge sources used by TREC 2006 Genomics Track participants for expansion. Based on the outcome
of these experiments, we discuss the success factors required for effective query expansion with respect to various sources
of term expansion, such as corpus-based cooccurrence statistics, pseudo-relevance feedback methods, and domain-specific and
domain-independent ontologies and databases. Our results show that choice of document ranking algorithm is the most important
factor affecting retrieval performance on this dataset. In addition, when an appropriate ranking algorithm is used, we find
that query expansion with domain-specific knowledge sources provides an equally substantive gain in performance over a baseline
system.
相似文献
| Nicola StokesEmail: Email: |
10.
Sandeep Chaufla 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2008,24(3):187-201
A review and analysis of the rules and regulations including the tax aspects of making an investment in India is presented.
The full range from Foreign Direct Investment to different forms of doing business with specific examples from the publishing
industry is explored to help understand current policies and regulations.
相似文献
| Sandeep ChauflaEmail: Email: |
11.
A summary overview of the children’s and young adult publishing industry in China with a focus on the size of the market,
ten major publishing houses, copyright and trends. Special emphasis has been placed on specific transaction for the sale of
translation rights from German language publishers to China and minimal activities of German rights sold to Chinese publishers.
相似文献
| Jing BartzEmail: |
12.
Nathan Hollier 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2008,24(3):165-174
This article provides a summary of and commentary on ‘A Lovely Kind of Madness: Small and Independent Publishing in Australia’,
an unpublished report by Kate Freeth, commissioned by the Small Press Underground Networking Community (SPUNC), the representative
body for small and independent publishers in Australia, and released in November 2007. Freeth’s 14,000 word report constitutes
the most detailed and comprehensive study of Australian small and independent publishing since the second volume of Michael
Denholm’s Small Press Publishing in Australia (1991) and provides much primary material for policy makers, scholars, and people working in and around the publishing industry.
相似文献
| Nathan HollierEmail: |
13.
Arabic documents that are available only in print continue to be ubiquitous and they can be scanned and subsequently OCR’ed
to ease their retrieval. This paper explores the effect of context-based OCR correction on the effectiveness of retrieving
Arabic OCR documents using different index terms. Different OCR correction techniques based on language modeling with different
correction abilities were tested on real OCR and synthetic OCR degradation. Results show that the reduction of word error
rates needs to pass a certain limit to get a noticeable effect on retrieval. If only moderate error reduction is available,
then using short character n-gram for retrieval without error correction is not a bad strategy. Word-based correction in conjunction
with language modeling had a statistically significant impact on retrieval even for character 3-grams, which are known to
be among the best index terms for OCR degraded Arabic text. Further, using a sufficiently large language model for correction
can minimize the need for morphologically sensitive error correction.
相似文献
| Kareem DarwishEmail: |
14.
Zohar Aloufi 《Archival Science》2007,7(3):207-211
The British civil administration of the Mandate (1920–1948) introduced the recordkeeping system used by British government.
The main tool was the Central Registry. Filing was by series, each series including case files, correspondents’ files and
subject files. After Independence, government agencies, courts and local authorities continued the recordkeeping systems and
methods adopted during the Mandate period. Even today, many features of recordkeeping in Israel bear witness to their British
origin.
Zohar Aloufi has an MLS (Archives Studies) from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. She is currently Archivist at Tel-Aviv University Archives, in charge of Prof. Yuval Ne’eman Archives. Former positions were Superintendent of Records Management in the State Archives and Deputy Director of the Archives and Museum of the Jewish Labour Movement. She established the Haifa City Archives, and was Haifa City Archivist until retirement. Aloufi initiated and co-founded the Section of Municipal Archivists of the International Council on Archives. She is a now a member of ICA/ACOM. She is currently the President of Israel Archives Association. Aloufi has taught Records Management at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Graduate School of Library, Archives and Information Studies; at Emeq-Jezreel College, and at various other institutions and has consulted for a wide variety of projects and organizations 相似文献
| Zohar AloufiEmail: Email: |
Zohar Aloufi has an MLS (Archives Studies) from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. She is currently Archivist at Tel-Aviv University Archives, in charge of Prof. Yuval Ne’eman Archives. Former positions were Superintendent of Records Management in the State Archives and Deputy Director of the Archives and Museum of the Jewish Labour Movement. She established the Haifa City Archives, and was Haifa City Archivist until retirement. Aloufi initiated and co-founded the Section of Municipal Archivists of the International Council on Archives. She is a now a member of ICA/ACOM. She is currently the President of Israel Archives Association. Aloufi has taught Records Management at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Graduate School of Library, Archives and Information Studies; at Emeq-Jezreel College, and at various other institutions and has consulted for a wide variety of projects and organizations 相似文献
15.
We consider the following autocompletion search scenario: imagine a user of a search engine typing a query; then with every
keystroke display those completions of the last query word that would lead to the best hits, and also display the best such
hits. The following problem is at the core of this feature: for a fixed document collection, given a set D of documents, and an alphabetical range W of words, compute the set of all word-in-document pairs (w, d) from the collection such that w ∈ W and d ∈ D. We present a new data structure with the help of which such autocompletion queries can be processed, on the average, in
time linear in the input plus output size, independent of the size of the underlying document collection. At the same time,
our data structure uses no more space than an inverted index. Actual query processing times on a large test collection correlate
almost perfectly with our theoretical bound.
相似文献
| Ingmar WeberEmail: |
16.
17.
Beatrice S. Bartlett 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):369-390
This article describes the first half century of the Communist government’s supervision and management of the central-government
archives of the last two dynasties. Immediately with the Communist ascent to power in 1949, the new government took great
interest in assembling and protecting the country’s archival documents, readying the Ming-Qing archives for access to scholars,
and preparing for publication of selected materials. By the 1980s Beijing’s Number One Historical Archives, in charge of the
largest holding of Ming-Qing documents, had become the first Chinese authority to complete a full sorting and preliminary
catalogues for such a collection. Moreover, to facilitate searches, an attempt has recently begun to create a subject-heading
system for these and other holdings in the country. In the first half century’s final decades, foreign researchers were admitted
for the first time and tours and international exchanges began to take place.
相似文献
| Beatrice S. BartlettEmail: |
18.
Smoothing of document language models is critical in language modeling approaches to information retrieval. In this paper,
we present a novel way of smoothing document language models based on propagating term counts probabilistically in a graph
of documents. A key difference between our approach and previous approaches is that our smoothing algorithm can iteratively
propagate counts and achieve smoothing with remotely related documents. Evaluation results on several TREC data sets show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the
simple collection-based smoothing method. Compared with those other smoothing methods that also exploit local corpus structures,
our method is especially effective in improving precision in top-ranked documents through “filling in” missing query terms
in relevant documents, which is attractive since most users only pay attention to the top-ranked documents in search engine
applications.
相似文献
| ChengXiang ZhaiEmail: |
19.
Panagiotis Symeonidis Alexandros Nanopoulos Apostolos N. Papadopoulos Yannis Manolopoulos 《Information Retrieval》2008,11(1):51-75
Collaborative Filtering (CF) Systems have been studied extensively for more than a decade to confront the “information overload”
problem. Nearest-neighbor CF is based either on similarities between users or between items, to form a neighborhood of users
or items, respectively. Recent research has tried to combine the two aforementioned approaches to improve effectiveness. Traditional
clustering approaches (k-means or hierarchical clustering) has been also used to speed up the recommendation process. In this paper, we use biclustering
to disclose this duality between users and items, by grouping them in both dimensions simultaneously. We propose a novel nearest-biclusters
algorithm, which uses a new similarity measure that achieves partial matching of users’ preferences. We apply nearest-biclusters
in combination with two different types of biclustering algorithms—Bimax and xMotif—for constant and coherent biclustering,
respectively. Extensive performance evaluation results in three real-life data sets are provided, which show that the proposed
method improves substantially the performance of the CF process.
相似文献
| Yannis ManolopoulosEmail: |