共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
《体育科技文献通报》2002,(3)
论述了掷标枪技术中“最后用力”的实质及身体各部位在最后用力过程中的作用,指出了“最后用力”与“原地投掷”是两个不同的概念;提出“提高力量利用率”的投掷观念。 相似文献
2.
也谈投掷最后用力的用力顺序 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
文献中对田径投掷项目最后用力动作界定不清,是导致人们对最后用力动作的用力顺序持不同看法的主要原因;分析“自下而上”、“自中而下再上”和“自中同时向上向下”三种说法,认为后者更合乎人体整体运动规律。 相似文献
3.
标枪运动是复杂的多轴性旋转项目，伴有反关节用力的技术动作，且具有一定的正负加速度的投掷运动。就投掷臂而言，最后用力阶段不仅要完成转肩翻肘动作，使投掷臂和标枪处于“鞭打”前的正确位置，增加最后用力的工作距离，而且参与“鞭打”掷枪动作，为提高出手初速度创造条件，其中，肘关节完成由屈曲到伸展动作的技术难度很大。 相似文献
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5.
<正>前掷实心球能有效发展学生上肢力量和协调性,是落实体育核心素养、培养“运动能力”的载体。在前掷实心球过程中,最后的挥臂鞭打用力是投掷动作的关键一环,此环节中易出现“没有鞭打动作”“用力鞭打意识不强”“鞭打用力不够”等问题;教学中如果只用“远度分值”判断强化“最后鞭打用力动作”是否有效, 相似文献
6.
投掷项目最后用力顺序探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对投掷项目最后用力阶段存在问题的分类认识,以及对最后用力阶段运动学特征、解剖学特点、运动环节间力量传递基本原理的深入分析,认为:对投掷最后用力顺序的认识,属于特定阶段用力顺序的认识,对其认识不能脱离该阶段技术自身的本质特征;投掷最后用力顺序是右侧腿的踝、膝、髋肌肉依次发力;用力顺序与力的传导顺序是一致的。 相似文献
7.
众所周知,标枪投掷属于轻器械纵轴用力速度型项目,是由握法和持枪、助跑投掷步、最后用力和缓冲等几个环节组成的。在标枪的训练中,大多数教练员只注重标枪的几个大环节训练,致使个别运动员的标枪投掷技术的某个环节出现短暂的“停顿、脱节”现象及掷标枪的整个过程不连贯,动作不流畅,最后用力不充分。为了不出现“停顿、脱节”现象,有的教练员就只要求运动员进行“完整动作”练习,对动作技术学习效果并不很理想。 相似文献
8.
马尚奎 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(3):24-24,38
标枪投掷中，最后用力的好坏直接影响到运动成绩，在分析了各环节的基础上提出了最后用力在标枪投掷中的重要作用。而在最后用力技术环节中，左侧支撑技术的好坏，直接影响力的传递和用力的效果，进而影响投掷成绩。 相似文献
9.
黄士学 《上海体育学院学报》1990,(3)
投掷标枪技术比较复杂,尤其是最后用力。其原因主要表现在人体处于快速移动中,要在0.2秒左右时间内完成右腿的发力、髋轴的蹲转、良好的满弓、强有力的左侧支撑、器械的控制、以及高质量的“鞭打”等一系列动作上。如果说最后用力是投掷标枪中的关键技术,那么“鞭打”又是最后用力技术中的关键。据此,我在平时的教学训练中,坚持以“鞭打”技术为重点,并取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
10.
男子标枪运动员“第二支撑制动现象”的运动学特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
谭建共 《西安体育学院学报》2000,17(4):32-36
借助KS— 16mm高速摄影机 ,对我国第五届大学生运动会前 8名男子标枪运动员最后用力双支撑阶段的投掷动作进行了拍摄。研究结果 :把髋理解为“第二支撑制动环节” ,有助于对该环节的重视 ,更有助于了解其在最后用力过程中产生制动所发挥的作用。“第二支撑制动现象”的出现 ,对上肢的“鞭打”动作 (投掷效果 )有着直接的影响 相似文献
11.
We show how biomechanics can be used to accurately assess spin-bowling techniques (offspin, legspin and topspin) in cricket, under controlled conditions, when the player is suspected of throwing. A 50 Hz six-camera Vicon Motion Analysis system was used to record the movements of markers strategically placed on the upper limb during each of the above bowling actions. A kinematic model of the upper limb, created using Vicon BodyBuilder® software, enabled the movements of the upper arm and forearm to be described during each delivery. Selected physical characteristics of the upper limb were also measured. The present 'no ball' law in cricket with reference to throwing states that 'the arm should not be straightened in the part of the delivery that immediately precedes ball release'. The bowler, Mutiah Muralitharan, was shown to maintain a relatively constant elbow angle in the 0.06 s before ball release. Furthermore, this angle changed little from the time that the upper arm was angled vertically downward until ball release during the three spin-bowling actions. 相似文献
12.
We show how biomechanics can be used to accurately assess spin-bowling techniques (offspin, legspin and topspin) in cricket, under controlled conditions, when the player is suspected of throwing. A 50 Hz six-camera Vicon Motion Analysis system was used to record the movements of markers strategically placed on the upper limb during each of the above bowling actions. A kinematic model of the upper limb, created using Vicon BodyBuilder software, enabled the movements of the upper arm and forearm to be described during each delivery. Selected physical characteristics of the upper limb were also measured. The present 'no ball' law in cricket with reference to throwing states that 'the arm should not be straightened in the part of the delivery that immediately precedes ball release'. The bowler, Mutiah Muralitharan, was shown to maintain a relatively constant elbow angle in the 0.06 s before ball release. Furthermore, this angle changed little from the time that the upper arm was angled vertically downward until ball release during the three spin-bowling actions. 相似文献
13.
Bing Yu Jeffrey Broker L. Jay Silvester 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):25-45
The purposes of this study were to investigate (1) the relationships between official distance and selected ground reaction measures during discus throwing; and (2) the relationships between selected ground reactions and selected lower extremity joint kinetics. Three high‐speed video cameras and three force plates were used to collect three‐dimensional videographic and force plate data in this study. An inverse dynamic model was used to determine the lower extremity kinetics. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine relationships of the selected kinematic and kinetic measures with the official distance. Official distance was significantly correlated with ground reaction forces on the left foot during the first single‐support phase, on the right foot during the second single‐support phase and delivery phase, and on the left foot during the delivery phase. Also, the right‐hip extension and internal rotation moments and left‐knee extension moment during the delivery phase were significantly correlated with official distance. These results suggest that discus throwers should drive vigorously forward during the first single‐support phase and increase the landing impact force on the right foot after flight. Also they should increase forward and rightward ground reaction force on the right foot and backward and vertical force on the left foot by powerful right‐hip extension and internal rotation and left‐knee extension during the delivery phase. These results provide critical information regarding the training of discus‐throwing techniques, and the direction of future biomechanical studies on this event. 相似文献
14.
再论推铅球的最后用力 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
在对推铅球最后用力概念界定的基础上 ,重新划分推铅球最后用力的阶段。查阅了国内外有关的文献资料 ,在此基础上进行数理统计分析 ,提出了划分推铅球最后用力阶段的新理论 :推铅球最后用力阶段是从支撑脚着地后积极蹬伸产生向前水平支撑反力开始到铅球离手的过程。整个最后用力阶段分为单支撑和双支撑 ,单支撑最后用力阶段对左趾向前水平位移、身体重心速度水平向前增量有积极的作用 ,促进左脚积极着地进入双支撑最后用力阶段。在训练中选择提高下肢离心 -向心收缩能力的练习 ,提高力量训练效果。 相似文献
15.
体能主导类快速力量性项群训练运动损伤的共性探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
体能主导类快速力量性项群训练把发展专项爆发力作为训练最重要的内容,较容易出现运动损伤。快速力量性项群训练的运动损伤具有相似性,运动损伤的诱因具有同源性,运动损伤的预防措施具有同一性。 相似文献
16.
Yu B Broker J Silvester LJ 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2002,1(1):25-46
The purposes of this study were to investigate (1) the relationships between official distance and selected ground reaction measures during discus throwing; and (2) the relationships between selected ground reactions and selected lower extremity joint kinetics. Three high-speed video cameras and three force plates were used to collect three-dimensional videographic and force plate data in this study. An inverse dynamic model was used to determine the lower extremity kinetics. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine relationships of the selected kinematic and kinetic measures with the official distance. Official distance was significantly correlated with ground reaction forces on the left foot during the first single-support phase, on the right foot during the second single-support phase and delivery phase, and on the left foot during the delivery phase. Also, the right-hip extension and internal rotation moments and left-knee extension moment during the delivery phase were significantly correlated with official distance. These results suggest that discus throwers should drive vigorously forward during the first single-support phase and increase the landing impact force on the right foot after flight. Also they should increase forward and rightward ground reaction force on the right foot and backward and vertical force on the left foot by powerful right-hip extension and internal rotation and left-knee extension during the delivery phase. These results provide critical information regarding the training of discus-throwing techniques, and the direction of future biomechanical studies on this event. 相似文献
17.
铅球最后用力的理论与训练 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
在对铅球最后用力概念界定的基础上，重新划分铅球最后用力阶段，并论述了单支撑最后用力的积极意义及专项力量的训练。通过对大量文献资料进行数理统计和综合分析，提出了划分铅球最后用力阶段的新观点：推铅球最后用力阶段，是从滑步过程中支撑腿水平方向上运动结束之时开始到铅球离手的过程。整个最后用力阶段分为单支撑用力和双支撑用力出手两个阶段，单支撑最后用力阶段对减小铅球预先速度的损耗、加快左脚着地和拉长工作肌有重要意义。在训练中采用切割组合训练方法可有效地把力量与技术紧密的结合在一起，加强快速力量训练，尤其下肢爆发力和制动力量。 相似文献
18.
Yasuto Kobayashi Michiyoshi Ae Akiyo Miyazaki Norihisa Fujii Akira Iiboshi Hideki Nakatani 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2016,15(3):314-328
The purpose of this study was to investigate joint kinetics of the throwing arms and role of trunk motion in skilled elementary school boys during an overarm distance throw. Throwing motions of 42 boys from second, fourth, and sixth grade were videotaped with three high-speed cameras operating at 300 fps. Seven skilled boys from each grade were selected on the basis of throwing distance for three-dimensional kinetic analysis. Joint forces, torques, and torque powers of the throwing arm joints were calculated from reconstructed three-dimensional coordinate data smoothed at cut-off frequencies of 10.5–15 Hz and by the inverse dynamics method. Throwing distance and ball velocity significantly increased with school grade. The angular velocity of elbow extension before ball release increased with school grade, although no significant increase between the grades was observed in peak extension torque of elbow joint. The joint torque power of shoulder internal/external rotation tended to increase with school grade. When teaching the overarm throw, elementary school teachers should observe large backward twisting of trunk during the striding phase and should keep in mind that young children, such as second graders (age 8 years), will be unable to effectively utilise shoulder external/internal rotation during the throwing phase. 相似文献
19.
This paper considers the kinematic characteristics of overarm throwing with particular emphasis on the techniques of throwing and pitching in baseball. The technique is subdivided into: (1) sequential pattern of throwing, (2) lead foot contact, (3) preparatory phase, (4) arm acceleration and (5) instant of ball release. Specific biomechanical principles that underpin throwing and their application within baseball are identified. The paper also presents a case study of the three-dimensional characteristics of throwing technique in cricket. The aim was to compare the skill in cricket to that previously researched in baseball. The findings for throwing in cricket are similar to those reported for baseball, indicating that there is a definite crossover in the rationale of how an individual should throw specific to the demands of cricket and baseball. The differences noted--greater elbow flexion at lead foot contact and less external rotation during the preparation phase--can be attributed to the demands placed on the fielder and pitcher specific to their respective sports. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):965-973
This paper considers the kinematic characteristics of overarm throwing with particular emphasis on the techniques of throwing and pitching in baseball. The technique is subdivided into: (1) sequential pattern of throwing, (2) lead foot contact, (3) preparatory phase, (4) arm acceleration and (5) instant of ball release. Specific biomechanical principles that underpin throwing and their application within baseball are identified. The paper also presents a case study of the three-dimensional characteristics of throwing technique in cricket. The aim was to compare the skill in cricket to that previously researched in baseball. The findings for throwing in cricket are similar to those reported for baseball, indicating that there is a definite crossover in the rationale of how an individual should throw specific to the demands of cricket and baseball. The differences noted - greater elbow flexion at lead foot contact and less external rotation during the preparation phase - can be attributed to the demands placed on the fielder and pitcher specific to their respective sports. 相似文献