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1.
Perceptions of the prevalence and seriousness of academic dishonesty in Australian universities 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Academic dishonesty is a fundamental issue for the academic integrity of higher education institutions, and one that has lately been gaining increasing media attention. This study reports on a survey of 1206 students and 190 academic staff across four major Queensland universities in relation to student academic misconduct. The aim of the survey was to determine the prevalence of academic misconduct, and to investigate the extent to which perceptions of dishonesty are shared between students and staff, as preliminary steps toward developing effective strategies to deal with the academic dishonesty/misconduct problem. Results indicate a higher tolerance for academic misconduct by students in comparison to staff, particularly with respect to falsification of research results and plagiarism, as well as considerable underestimation by staff of the prevalence of virtually all forms of student academic misconduct. Overall, the study’s findings confirm the significance of the issue of academic dishonesty within the Australian tertiary sector, indicating considerable divergence between students and staff in terms of perceptions of the seriousness and prevalence of student academic misconduct. We suggest that university administrators need to examine this issue closely in order to develop mechanisms for managing and curtailing the level of academic misconduct, since a failure to do so may lead to a further undermining of the academic integrity of the Australian tertiary sector. 相似文献
2.
海洋学是海洋科学本科专业的核心基础课,课程内容广泛,国内涉及海洋科学的院校均有开设,根据各校的学术特色,形成了各异的课程内容体系和教学风格。文章以河北农业大学农学学科优势和发展定位,结合教学方式上采取海上观察和提问相结合、科研进入课堂、转变机械学习和课下翻转课堂等方式,以教学带动科研,以科研促进教学,不断探究更适合基础知识学习和科研创新思维培养的教学方式,促进海洋学院向研究型院校转变。 相似文献
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Research suggests that undergraduate students learn more from lab experiences that involve longer-term projects. We have developed a one-semester laboratory sequence aimed at sophomore-level undergraduates. In designing this curriculum, we focused on several educational objectives: 1) giving students a feel for the scientific research process, 2) introducing them to commonly used lab techniques, and 3) building skills in both data analysis and scientific writing. Over the course of the semester, students carry out two project-based lab experiences and write two substantial lab reports modeled on primary literature. Student assessment data indicate that this lab curriculum achieved these objectives. This article describes the first of these projects, which uses the biflagellate alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to introduce students to the study of flagellar motility, protein synthesis, microtubule polymerization, organelle assembly, and protein isolation and characterization. 相似文献
4.
Pamela A. Harvey Christopher Wall Stephen W. Luckey Stephen Langer Leslie A. Leinwand 《CBE life sciences education》2014,13(4):698-710
Undergraduate science education curricula are traditionally composed of didactic instruction with a small number of laboratory courses that provide introductory training in research techniques. Research on learning methodologies suggests this model is relatively ineffective, whereas participation in independent research projects promotes enhanced knowledge acquisition and improves retention of students in science. However, availability of faculty mentors and limited departmental budgets prevent the majority of students from participating in research. A need therefore exists for this important component in undergraduate education in both small and large university settings. A course was designed to provide students with the opportunity to engage in a research project in a classroom setting. Importantly, the course collaborates with a sponsor''s laboratory, producing a symbiotic relationship between the classroom and the laboratory and an evolving course curriculum. Students conduct a novel gene expression study, with their collective data being relevant to the ongoing research project in the sponsor''s lab. The success of this course was assessed based on the quality of the data produced by the students, student perception data, student learning gains, and on whether the course promoted interest in and preparation for careers in science. In this paper, we describe the strategies and outcomes of this course, which represents a model for efficiently providing research opportunities to undergraduates. 相似文献
5.
高等学校学生学术不诚实成因分析及其对策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本针对当前高等学校出现学生不诚实的现象，从内部个体成长与外部环境制度方面深入分析了学生学术不诚实产生的原因，在此基础上提出了加强品德养成，改变课堂教学策略。按章依法科学管理，转变评价观念与方式等对策。 相似文献
6.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(3):452-465
Abstract The purpose of this research was to examine the extent to which academic integrity is maintained in the academic programmes of three East African university students selected from one of the universities in each one of the three countries. For confidentiality and identification purposes, the universities were labeled A, B and C. The level of academic integrity was interpreted on the basis of the extent to which participants admitted to have engaged in plagiarism and academic misconduct in its various manifestations. The findings clearly indicated that academic dishonesty is widely practised by East African university students. The extent to which this held true varied from one item to another of the sixteen questionnaire statements with the highest score being in items related to plagiarism. Overall, 37% of the students in university C, followed by 32% of students in university A and 24% of students in university B engaged in academic dishonesty. The rate at which academic dishonesty was reported was comparable to what has been reported in other countries including Canada, Ethiopia, South Africa, the UK and USA. 相似文献
7.
美国大学的荣誉制度是一项规约大学生学术研究行为的制度,强调以学生自我管理为中心,以信任学生的道德意识和责任感为前提。荣誉制度作为遏制大学生学术不诚信行为的有效措施可以为我国大学校园的诚信建设提供经验,本文从四个方面对荣誉制度进行介绍:荣誉誓词、荣誉委员会、对违规行为的处理程序以及对违规行为的惩罚措施,并进一步探讨了实施荣誉制度的成效。 相似文献
8.
Brian K. Sato Pavan Kadandale Wenliang He Paige M. N. Murata Yama Latif Mark Warschauer 《CBE life sciences education》2014,13(4):677-686
Primary literature is essential for scientific communication and is commonly utilized in undergraduate biology education. Despite this, there is often little time spent training our students how to critically analyze a paper. To address this, we introduced a primary literature module in multiple upper-division laboratory courses. In this module, instructors conduct classroom discussions that dissect a paper as researchers do. While previous work has identified classroom interventions that improve primary literature comprehension within a single course, our goal was to determine whether including a scientific paper module in our classes could produce long-term benefits. On the basis of performance in an assessment exam, we found that our module resulted in longitudinal gains, including increased comprehension and critical-thinking abilities in subsequent lab courses. These learning gains were specific to courses utilizing our module, as no longitudinal gains were seen in students who had taken other upper-division labs that lacked extensive primary literature discussion. In addition, we assessed whether performance on our assessment correlated with a variety of factors, including grade point average, course performance, research background, and self-reported confidence in understanding of the article. Furthermore, all of the study conclusions are independent of biology disciplines, as we observe similar trends within each course. 相似文献
9.
This exploratory study examined how undergraduate students’ ability to write in science changed over time as they completed a series of laboratory activities designed using a new instructional model called argument-driven inquiry. The study was conducted in a single section of an undergraduate general chemistry lab course offered at a large two-year community college located in the southeast USA. The intervention took place over a 15-week semester and consisted of six laboratory activities. During each laboratory activity, the undergraduates wrote investigation reports, participated in a double-blind group peer review of the reports, and revised their reports based on the reviews. The reports written during each laboratory activity were used to examine changes in the students’ writing skills over time and to identify aspects of scientific writing that were the most difficult for the undergraduates in this context. The reviews produced by the students during each report were used to evaluate how well undergraduates engage in the peer-review process. The results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the reports and reviews indicate that the participants made significant improvements in their ability to write in science and were able to evaluate the quality of their peers’ writing with a relatively high degree of accuracy, but they also struggled with several aspects of scientific writing. The conclusions and implications of the study include recommendations for helping undergraduate students learn to write by writing to learn in science and new directions for future research. 相似文献
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Rooted in achievement goal theory, the buffering hypothesis posits that contextual factors serve to moderate the deleterious effects of personal achievement goals on relevant outcomes. The present study sought to test this hypothesis by examining the interactive effects of classroom affiliation perceptions and personal achievement goals for conducting research on participants’ goal strivings within physics, biology and chemistry laboratory classes. Participants consisted of 185 undergraduate students voluntarily engaged in faculty-led research. Results indicated that affiliation strengthened the positive association between research mastery goals and class-based mastery approach goals. In contrast, perceptions of affiliation in the laboratory environment weakened the relationship between research mastery goals and performance approach goals. The importance of academic climates as facilitators of goal striving in classrooms designed to cultivate research skill development is discussed. 相似文献
12.
Zhong Ma Cynthia Cooper Hyun-Joo Kim Diane Janick-Buckner 《CBE life sciences education》2009,8(2):140-146
We describe a laboratory exercise developed for a cell biology course for second-year undergraduate biology majors. It was designed to introduce undergraduates to the basic molecular biology techniques of Western blotting and immunodetection coupled with the technique of tissue printing in detecting the presence, relative abundance, and distribution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in various plant materials. Pre- and postlab surveys indicated significant postlab gains in student understanding of all three lab techniques and relevant lecture topics. Additional postlab survey questions on student perception of the lab modules suggested that the laboratory exercises successfully met a series of pedagogical goals set by the instructors. The combination of these techniques provided a basis for quantitative and qualitative (visual) analysis of a biologically important enzyme and can be applied or modified readily to study other proteins and biological molecules in lab exercises for an introductory cell biology course or molecular biology course. 相似文献
13.
David F. Feldon Briana Crotwell Timmerman Kirk A. Stowe Richard Showman 《科学教学研究杂志》2010,47(10):1165-1185
Poor instruction has been cited as a primary cause of attrition from STEM majors and a major obstacle to learning for those who stay [Seymour and Hewitt [1997]. Talking about leaving: Why undergraduates leave the sciences. Boulder, CO: Westview]. Using a double‐blind design, this study tests the hypothesis that the lack of explicit instructions in scientific inquiry skills is a major factor in both low STEM retention and academic underperformance. This project delivered supplemental instruction to students in a laboratory‐based undergraduate biology course (n = 314) that was derived either from cognitive task analyses (CTAs) conducted with expert biologists (treatment) or was authored and delivered by an award‐winning biology instructor (control). Students receiving traditional instruction were almost six times more likely to withdraw from the course than students in the treatment condition (8.1% vs. 1.4% of initial enrollment). Of the students who completed the course, those who received the CTA‐based instruction demonstrated significantly higher levels of performance in the discussion section of their written laboratory reports. Significantly higher performances were seen specifically in the areas of analyzing data to formulate valid conclusions, considering alternative explanations, consideration for the limitations of the experimental design and implications of the research. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 1165–1185, 2010 相似文献
14.
"从茶叶中提取咖啡因"是大学有机化学实验教学中关于天然产物提取的经典实验,特别是对化学专业、生物专业、农学专业来说,更是必做不可。但由于该实验过程有一定难度,从而在实验教学中经常出现无产物等现象。为此,文章讨论了从茶叶中提取咖啡因的教学方法,阐述红茶与绿茶中咖啡因的提取条件及数据探索,利用索氏提取方法比较红茶与绿茶中咖啡因的产率,从而比较红茶与绿茶中咖啡因的含量,提出红茶为"茶叶中咖啡因的提取"实验选择最佳茶叶,提高了实验的成功率。 相似文献
15.
严跃平 《江苏经贸职业技术学院学报》2022,(1):83-85,88
本科院校经贸史课程存在教材种类过少、学生兴趣不足及课堂参与度较低等问题,需要教师和学生两个主体积极配合,走出教学困境。教师应该尝试将自身科研成果或相关史料融入课程教学,探索兼具学术性和趣味性的课堂教学模式,充实教学内容,激发学生的学习兴趣,增强课程教学效果。 相似文献
16.
Sarah Elaine Eaton 《Interchange》2017,48(3):271-281
This article shares the findings of a study investigating institutional policy definitions of plagiarism at twenty English-speaking Canadian universities. The types of primary sources consulted for this study included: (1) university academic calendars for 2016–2017, (2) institutional policies on academic misconduct, and (3) student academic codes of conduct. Sources were analyzed in comparative tabular and narrative form. Results show wide variation in institutional definitions of plagiarism as a specific subset of academic misconduct. The conclusions call for a coordinated effort among Canadian universities to develop a common framework of academic integrity that includes clear and explicit definitions for plagiarism, as well as other forms of academic dishonesty, that are consistent across provinces. 相似文献
17.
Molly George Helen Lim Schannae Lucas Robert Meadows 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2015,26(4):471-492
This article highlights the efforts of colleagues in a criminal justice department to offer experiential learning opportunities (ELOs) to undergraduate students. Operating within the framework of a liberal arts curriculum, we provide criminal justice majors with a range of opportunities that fall under the general rubric of “experiential learning”, including the following: internships, field trips, service-learning, and research projects. Our goal was to combine the academic rigors of traditional, classroom-based learning with exposure to hands-on, real-world, subject-based knowledge. We explain the multistage framework that is used to tie all of our ELOs together across the curriculum. Results from a senior and alumni survey indicate that experiential learning offers significant academic and professional benefits for students. 相似文献
18.
伴随着我国高等教育规模的扩张,高校从事教学科研工作的学术人员数量大增。作为我国科学研究的一支重要生力军,高校学术人员一方面有力推动了我国整体科技发展的水平和质量,另一方面,在学术领域也滋生了学术失范现象。由此,构建高校学术问责制的理论探讨应运而生,但要进入实践领域,应当充分考虑以下三个相关问题：高校学术失范现象大量滋生的归因问题、学术自由欠缺下高校学术问责制实施的风险问题、学术问责中的责任认定问题。 相似文献
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Academic dishonesty is recognised as a serious problem in Australia, and educators have been searching for ways to prevent its escalation. It is important to understand what factors influence cheating. This study used a sample of 446 grade 7 to 9 students, 160 from Macao and 286 from Zhuhai in China, to examine the personal and contextual aspects of academic dishonesty. The findings suggest that involvement and task orientation in the classroom environment (contextual aspects) and intrinsic value and utility value (personal aspects) are associated with students’ attitudes toward the acceptability of cheating and cheating behaviour in mathematics. Some suggestions for reducing academic dishonesty are included in the paper. 相似文献