首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 408 毫秒
1.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, PA, awarded the 2005 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering to Andrew Viterbi for developing an efficient technique that has advanced the design and implementation of modern space and wireless communication systems. He also was a leader in the development of Code Division Multiple Access wireless technologies.  相似文献   

2.
  相似文献   

3.
The Franklin Institute of Philadelphia awards the 2011 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics to Nicola Cabibbo for his pioneering work in the field of elementary particle physics, with special emphasis on his role in furthering our understanding of the underlying symmetries that relate one elementary particle interaction to another.  相似文献   

4.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2002 Benjamin Franklin Medal in physics to Sumio Iijima for his discovery and elucidation of the atomic structure and helical character of multi- and single-wall carbon nanotubes. His pioneering work created a new, tremendously active and expanding area in the field of nanoscience and technology that involves condensed matter and material scientists, chemists and computer scientists. Iijima has also made key contributions to the mechanisms that are involved in the growth of carbon nanotubes, to the role of pentagonal and heptagonal carbon rings in the formation of caps that form at the ends of the nanotubes and to the encapsulation of molecules within the nanotubes.  相似文献   

5.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania awarded the 2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science to Judah Folkman for his founding of the field of angiogenesis research and demonstration that angiogenesis is a necessary factor in the conversion of abnormal cells to malignant tumors.  相似文献   

6.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Earth Science to Rob Van der Voo for his outstanding contributions to the field of paleomagnetism and his reconstruction of ancient continental positions that have lead to a better understanding of plate tectonic processes for the past billion years of Earth history.  相似文献   

7.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2005 Benjamin Franklin medal in physics to Yoichiro Nambu for his seminal contributions which introduced the modern concept of broken symmetry to elementary particle physics, for his invention of the particle property called color which is the key to quark confinement, and for his ground-breaking work on the theory of string-like elementary particles.  相似文献   

8.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, PA awarded the 2006 Benjamin Franklin Medal in civil engineering to Ray W. Clough for revolutionizing engineering and scientific computation, and engineering design methods through his formulation and development of the finite element method, and for his innovative leadership in applying the method to the field of earthquake engineering with special emphasis on the seismic performance of dams.  相似文献   

9.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2002 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Sciences to Mary-Dell Chilton for her key discoveries and wide-ranging contributions in the development of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid as a major vector system for plant genetic engineering.  相似文献   

10.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics to Alan H. Guth for his efforts to advance our knowledge of physical science and its application of the inflationary scenario, in which the universe undergoes a rapid expansion in the first stages of the Big Bang.  相似文献   

11.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, PA, awarded the 2004 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Mechanical Engineering to Roger Bacon for his fundamental research on the production of graphite whiskers and the determination of their microstructure and properties, for his pioneering development efforts in the production of the world's first continuously processed carbon fibers and the world's first high modulus and high-strength carbon fibers, and for his contributions to the development of carbon fibers from alternative starting materials.  相似文献   

12.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awards the 2010 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science to Professor Shafrira Goldwasser for fundamental work contributing to the theoretical foundation of modern cryptography and leading to techniques that mathematically guarantee secure access to the internet. More precisely, she is recognized for key contributions in provable security and in particular for interactive and zero-knowledge proofs and their application to cryptography and complexity theory.  相似文献   

13.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, PA awarded the 2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry to K. Barry Sharpless for his important innovative scientific contributions to the field of asymmetric catalytic oxidation, which resulted in highly enantioselective processes for the epoxidation, dihydroxylation and aminohydroxylation of olefins.  相似文献   

14.
The Franklin Institute of Philadelphia awarded the 2002 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry to Norman L. Allinger for his pioneering work in computational chemistry in the field of molecular mechanics with his development of the MM series of force fields, their widespread application to the fundamental understanding of molecular structure and energetics, and their implementation as a significant tool to practicing chemists.  相似文献   

15.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2004 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry to Harry B. Gray for his pioneering contributions in the field of electron transfer in metalloproteins. In a series of elegant and challenging experiments beginning in the late 70s, Gray and his coworkers have shown that the transfer of electrons in metalloproteins can proceed over long distances (~ 20 Å) and at fast rates. These experiments have involved the regiospecific functionalization of structurally characterized electron transfer proteins with ruthenium complexes, coupled with laser excitation and transient spectroscopy. Probing the effects of thermodynamic driving force, temperature, donor-acceptor distance and electronic coupling, Gray has shaped our detailed current understanding of the principles governing biological electron flow. The mechanism of electron transfer has been identified as electron tunneling mediated by the molecules separating donor and acceptor. Tunneling timetables have been established for various intervening media. Important biological processes like respiration and photosynthesis depend on facile electron transfer, and Gray's contribution serves as the fundamental basis for understanding these and many related reactions.  相似文献   

16.
Rosalind Franklin is best known for her informative X-ray diffraction patterns of DNA that provided vital clues for James Watson and Francis Crick's double-stranded helical model. Her scientific career did not end when she left the DNA work at King's College, however. In 1953 Franklin moved to J. D. Bernal's crystallography laboratory at Birkbeck College, where she shifted her focus to the three-dimensional structure of viruses, obtaining diffraction patterns of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) of unprecedented detail and clarity. During the next five years, while making significant headway on the structural determination of TMV, Franklin maintained an active correspondence with both Watson and Crick, who were also studying aspects of virus structure. Developments in TMV research during the 1950s illustrate the connections in the emerging field of molecular biology between structural studies of nucleic acids and of proteins and viruses. They also reveal how the protagonists of the "race for the double helix" continued to interact personally and professionally during the years when Watson and Crick's model for the double-helical structure of DNA was debated and confirmed.  相似文献   

17.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the 2003 Benjamin Franklin medal in Earth Science to Norman Phillips and Joseph Smagorinsky for their seminal and pioneering studies that led to the first successful predictions of the weather using numerical methods, and to an understanding of the general circulation of the atmosphere. In addition, Smagorinsky played a leading role in establishing the current global observational network for the atmosphere, and Phillips’ leadership fostered the development of effective methods for the use of observations in data assimilation systems.  相似文献   

18.
Benjamin Franklin was a man of remarkable versatility, especially well-known as a scientist, writer and politician. Less well-known are his activities as a musician. This article describes his invention of the glass Armonica, on which he played and for which he also composed music. In recent years there has been a revival of interest in instruments of this kind and an acoustical analysis has been made of the vibrating glasses in an attempt to explain their curiously haunting melody.  相似文献   

19.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Engineering to Robert E. Newnham for his invention of multiphase piezoelectric transducers and their spatial architecture which revolutionized the field of acoustic imaging. The background and significance of his research is presented. Attention is focused on the impact his research prompted in the field of medical imaging, in particular non-invasive, real-time visualization of internal tissue and organs of human body using ultrasound energy. Societal impact of Dr. Newnham's work is also pointed out.  相似文献   

20.
The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania awards the 2011 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Earth and Environmental Science to Professor Jillian F. Banfield for her pioneering work in the fields of geochemistry and environmental microbiology, in particular her discoveries of the underlying principles of mineral formation and alteration by microbes and her efforts to advance the understanding of the form, composition, and distribution of minerals in the presence of living organisms.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号