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智力和体力在智力和体力相结合的活动中发展——最佳体力结构的追求是对物质文明和精神文明的创造——体育是人类为繁衍自身而进行的最基本的教育活动——体育使表观为体力的人体功能得到发展——家庭体育、学校体育、社会体育构成的国民体育中,学校体育是基础——中学体育是学校体育的主体——中学体育的课内外教材由人体解剖生理、卫生、身体锻炼三部分构成。 相似文献
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<正> 课外体育活动是学校体育工作的重要组成部分,是提高学校体育整体效益、实现学校体育目的任务的重要途径之一。课外体育活动系指体育课程教学以外的有目的、有计划、有组织的开发学生体力,提高学生体育素养的教育活动。它具有独特的任务和功能。 相似文献
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日本大众体育的进展状况及其振兴政策的研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
孙金蓉 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(6):14-16,29
日本大众体育的发展经历了大众体育的摇篮期、体育人口的增长期、大众体育的多样化时期、体育人口的安定期和大众体育的成熟期5个时期。在前3个时期,即大众体育发展的初级阶段,日本政府侧重于增进国民的健康和体力,通过推动增强体力的国民运动,有效地促进了国民参加日常体育活动,增加了体育人口。在这个阶段,日本致力-I-完善国民参加体育运动的环境,特别是完善公共体育设施,学校体育设施开始向普通市民开放。 相似文献
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前言 七十年代以来,随着现代科技的发展,生产力的快速提高,人的体力活动日趋减少,这种现象也反映在学校教育之中。教育工作者都担忧青少年一代因缺少体力活动,而出现体质下降的不良后果,因而纷纷提出改革教育制度,研究学生每周、日的作息制度,适当增加体育课时和体育活动时间。苏联教育部在1976年的一份报告中提出一周应有5~6小时的体育活动时间,才有利于改善学生机体能力和免疫能力,并满足儿童对体育的欲望。日本教 相似文献
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随着素质教育的广泛开展,学校体育教学的改革,各种各样的体育活动丰富了学生的在校生活。学生积极地参与体育活动,能够增强体力、缓解学习压力、培养乐趣,促进身心健康发展。但是,越来越多的体育课安全事故让学校和老师们重新审视体育教学过程,改善教学环节的不足之处,及时发现问题,做好预防措施。 相似文献
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现代社会是科学技术激烈竞争的社会,这种竞争归根结底是人才素质的竞争。人们用教育投资开发人力资源,也是开发人类潜在的智力、体力和心理素质。马克思主义认为“社会人的任何行动,都是受制于一定的道德观念,实践着一定的美学要求的智力和体力相结合的活动”。所以,旨在释放、增长人的潜在能力的教育,就不能不在发展智力的同时,相应发展人的体力。学校体育是学校教育的重要组成部分,是国民体育和竞技体育的基础,体育 相似文献
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从体育诞生之日起,教育性就融入了它的母体文化之中,并随着社会经济形态由低级向高级的演变而有所变化。在生产活动以消耗体力为主的天然经济、农业经济和工业经济前、中期,体育教育的工具理性占主导地位。在生产活动以消耗脑力为主的后工业时代和知识经济时代,体育教育则更加重视对人性的关爱。21世纪,中国学校体育应该紧跟时代的脚步,向着跨越功利主义,复归人性关怀;超越阶段体育,服务终身体育;摆脱强制性需要,迎合主动性需求的方向迈进。 相似文献
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体育锻炼对香港大学生身体自我概念的影响 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
以“身体自我描述问卷”为研究工具,研究体育锻炼对香港大学生身体自我概念的影响,被试为香港某大学的56名学生。研究结果表明,经过6周的体育锻炼之后,男性被试在身体活动、运动能力以及整体身体自我三方面的自我概念较锻炼前有显著性提高,女性被试在协调性、身体活动、运动能力、整体身体自我、外貌、力量、耐力(体能)以及整体自尊等方面的自我概念较锻炼前有显著性提高。 相似文献
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以体育行为为切入点,运用综合评定法和调查问卷法,通过分析以运动频率、运动时间和运动强度作为分组依据的不同组别间体质状况水平的差别,进而探索有效提高体质水平的锻炼方式,为社会提供有价值的参考依据。研究结果表明,每周体育锻炼频率在3次以上、锻炼时间在30分钟以上和中等强度的锻炼方式,可以有效的提高体质健康水平。但40-59岁年龄段不同组别间差别不明显,其更深层次的原因有待于进一步的研究。 相似文献
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Eero A. Haapala Juuso Väistö Niina Lintu Tuomo Tompuri Soren Brage Kate Westgate 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1699-1706
We investigated the associations of body fat percentage (BF%), objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and different types of physical activity assessed by a questionnaire with neuromuscular performance. The participants were 404 children aged 6–8 years. BF% was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and physical activity by combined heart rate and movement sensing and a questionnaire. The results of 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run, hand grip strength, standing long jump, sit-up, modified flamingo balance, box-and-block and sit-and-reach tests were used as measures of neuromuscular performance. Children who had a combination of higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity had the poorest performance in 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run and standing long jump tests. Higher BF% was associated with slower 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times, shorter distance jumped in standing long jump test, fewer sit-ups, more errors in balance test and less cubes moved in box-and-block test. Higher levels of physical activity and particularly MVPA assessed objectively by combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor were related to shorter 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times. In conclusion, higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity and particularly the combination of these two factors were associated with worse neuromuscular performance. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):716-722
AbstractA longitudinal framework was used to examine the hypotheses of (1) whether physical activity predicts changes in physical self-worth or (2) whether physical self-worth predicts changes in physical activity in adolescent girls. Participants (n=272) completed measures of physical self-worth and participation in physical activities at three different points spanning a two-year interval. A cross-lagged panel model using structural equation modelling analyses indicated that physical self-worth predicted subsequent physical activity and physical activity in turn predicted subsequent physical self-worth across time. Findings demonstrated a reciprocal relationship between physical self-worth and physical activity during early adolescence. This study supports the use of the reciprocal effects model (REM) in gaining an understanding of the cross-lagged relationships between physical self-worth and participation in physical activities amongst adolescent girls. 相似文献
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新时期对艺术体育的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在体育走向现代化的今天,艺术与体育的联系越来越密切,从而产生新的体育艺术表现形式——艺术体育。艺术体育项目的产生,给体育运动带来很大的吸引力和无穷的魅力,使体育运动具备了独特的艺术欣赏价值与审美功能。对艺术体育的概念进行剖析,论述了艺术体育的本质、分类及其发展趋势。 相似文献
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体育课程与体育教学的关系 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
针对目前我国学校体育课程概念不清、体育课程与教学关系不明,将体育课程和教学不同范畴的问题混为一谈的现状,运用现代课程论和体育教学论的基本观点,对体育课程和教学的关系进行论述,从而弄清两的本质和功能之间的辩证关系,为我国“十五”期间学校体育课程教育的深化改革提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Zan Gao Senlin Chen Charles C. Huang David F. Stodden Ping Xiang 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(1):99-104
The purpose of the study was to quantify the contributions of physical education, exergaming (active video games that also are a type of exercise), recess, lunch break and after-school time segments to children’s daily physical activity and sedentary behaviours. Participants were 138 second and third graders (71 girls) who attended 20-min recess and 75-min lunch time daily, 25-min regular physical education or exergaming-based classes being alternated daily. The after-school period was defined as 3:20–10:00pm. Physical activity was assessed via accelerometry and the dependent variables were children’s time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Children’s percentages of time spent in MVPA (P < .001; except for the difference between exergaming and lunch break: P = .63), light physical activity (P < .001) and sedentary behaviour (P < .001) differed significantly across the time segments (i.e., physical education/exergaming, recess, lunch break and after-school). Additionally, children accumulated significantly more MVPA (t = 10.22, P < .001) but less light physical activity (t = ?3.17, P = .002) and sedentary behaviour (t = ?3.91, P < .001) in physical education than in exergaming. Overall, physical education was more effective in generating MVPA than other segments over the school day. The after-school segment holds potential as an avenue for promoting children’s MVPA, as this long period could be better utilised to organise structured physical activity. 相似文献
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Peter L. Kristensen Line G. Olesen Mathias Ried-larsen Anders Grøntved Niels Wedderkopp Karsten Froberg 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):188-195
Abstract A large proportion of a child's day is spent at school interacting with certain physical surroundings, teachers, and school friends. Thus, schools could have a marked impact on establishing physical activity habits. The aim of the present study was to assess between-school variation in physical activity, aerobic fitness, and organized sports participation. Altogether, we tested 1766 nine- and fifteen-year-old children attending 242 school classes at 35 different schools in Denmark in 1997–2003. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for objectively assessed physical activity ranged between 0.06 and 0.18 depending on the dimension of physical activity and the time considered (i.e. school time vs. leisure time). For aerobic fitness, an ICC of 0.10 was observed, whereas that for organized sports participation ranged between 0.01 and 0.10 depending on the age group. Studying between-school variation in physical activity provides information about the extent to which children adjust their physical activity habits according to the social and environmental circumstances that they share, and helps to plan future school-based physical activity studies, especially in terms of sample size and power calculation. 相似文献
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学生体质健康的影响因素与学校体育的应对 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
教育部公布的2004年全国学生体质健康监测结果显示,我国学生体质健康状况不容乐观。认为不良的教育观念、繁重的课余学习负担、学校体育的缺位、不良的卫生习惯和生活环境是导致我国学生体质健康水平下降的主要影响因素。为了学生体质健康水平的提升,从转变教育观念、调整学校体育的指导思想、教学内容、教学模式、学校家庭社会三结合等多角度提出应对策略。 相似文献
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重新审视课外体育锻炼在学校体育中的地位 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
通过对学生体质下降原因的分析,揭示出学校体育工作中对课外体育锻炼的不重视是造成学生体质下降的主要原因,并提出学校体育应以课外体育锻炼为中心,以体育课、课外体育训练和竞赛等形式为辅的观点。只有真正提高课外体育锻炼在学校体育中的地位,才能落实和保证学生“每天锻炼一小时”的任务,从而提高学生身体素质,有效完成学校体育的任务。 相似文献