共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 355 毫秒
1.
To identify how a governance structure leads to ambidexterity at the cluster level, in terms of knowledge management, this study draws on the knowledge -based view of clusters and on ambidexterity literature, thereby exploring an ‘intermediated’ cluster model of ambidexterity. Our aim is to explore the governance structure’s role and priorities in terms of knowledge management, as well as the underlying operational actions and programmes implemented to achieve cluster ambidexterity. Qualitative research, based on interviews with members of two French clusters, reveals that their governance structure is a crucial intermediary organisation that supports cluster ambidexterity. The results emphasise the role of governance structures for two types of ambidexterity in small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) clusters: First, SMEs may specialise in exploitative or exploratory knowledge, and the governance structure provides the missing knowledge (intermediated specialised model). Second, cluster governance may help each firm become ambidextrous (intermediated dual model). This study outlines the specificities of the two models and their contingency factors, which offer interesting implications, especially for policymakers devoted to innovation and clusters. 相似文献
2.
企业集群的创新集成:集群学习与挤压效应 总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40
对创新的促进被认为是企业集群这种独特产业组织形式的重要优势,但现有文献较少关注集群内部不同主体间的创新集成问题。本文基于对浙江省企业集群发展现状的调研以及对集群内在联结模式的理论探讨,论证了创新集成对培育集群持续竞争优势的意义。本文认为,企业集群要实现创新集成,关键在于两点:一是集群成员间通过协调性的集群学习过程形成知识共享效应;二是要有一种良性竞争机制激励集群成员次第创新,即形成“挤压效应”。围绕这两点,本文最后讨论了有效推动集群创新集成的规制安排。 相似文献
3.
本文整合关系治理、社会网络和知识管理相关理论,利用德阳装备制造业集群中的205家企业的问卷数据,采用结构方程模型,探讨了关系治理、集群创新网络与集群企业知识共享之间的相互关系与作用机制。研究发现,关系治理下的三个维度--共同愿景、联合行动和资源依赖对集群企业知识共享均有正向影响;共同愿景、资源依赖正向影响集群创新网络的结构嵌入与关系嵌入,而联合行动只对集群创新网络的结构嵌入有正向影响;集群创新网络在关系治理与集群企业知识共享关系中起中介作用,但在不同维度的关系治理与知识共享关系中的中介作用存在显著差异。通过构建“关系治理--集群创新网络—集群知识共享”的理论模型和分析框架,本文丰富了关系治理、社会网络和知识管理领域的研究成果,为集群企业合理运用关系治理行为来构建创新网络并促进彼此间的知识共享提供了理论参考。 相似文献
4.
基于网络嵌入理论和知识管理理论,建立理论模型,研究多重网络嵌入对知识创造绩效的影响,以及知识整合的中介作用和创造氛围的调节作用。利用福建省四个产业集群的调研数据,运用结构方程模型进行实证分析,结果表明：知识嵌入对知识创造绩效有显著的直接正向影响;知识整合发挥差异性的中介作用;内部知识整合在结构嵌入与知识创造绩效间发挥完全中介作用;外部知识整合在关系嵌入与知识创造绩效间发挥完全中介作用;内外部知识整合在知识嵌入与创造绩效间均发挥部分中介作用;创造氛围在内部知识整合和创造绩效中有调节作用。研究结论为解释多重网络嵌入与知识创造绩效间的内部作用关系提供了新的视角,为集群企业提升知识创造绩效给予借鉴 相似文献
5.
在现有文献分析基础上,基于集群特征, 构建了以网络中心性和吸收能力作为调节变量、以知识获取作为中介变量的集群企业开放度对其创新绩效影响机制模型。选取浙江省3个产业集群中116家企业作为研究对象,采用回归分析等多种统计方法进行实证验证。结论表明：第一,知识获取在集群企业开放度对创新绩效的影响中起到中介作用,即集群企业开放度是通过影响知识获取进而影响创新绩效。第二,知识吸收能力在企业创新绩效形成过程的不同阶段中起到调节作用,其中潜在吸收能力有利于强化企业从创新开放度中获取知识,而现实吸收能力则在企业将获取的知识转化为创新绩效的过程中起到正向调节作用。第三,网络中心性越高,集群企业开放宽度对企业知识获取的正向效应越显著。研究结果有助于中国集群企业推进开放式创新的政策选择。 相似文献
6.
通过文献回顾,构建了集群企业网络嵌入、知识转移、知识创造与技术创新之间关系的理论模型,并以浙江杭州软件产业集群和文化创意产业集群企业为调研对象,对模型进行了检验。研究结果发现,集群企业网络嵌入对知识转移具有显著正向影响;集群企业网络嵌入对知识创造具有显著正向影响;集群企业网络嵌入并不直接影响技术创新,而是通过知识转移与知识创造间接影响技术创新;集群企业知识转移并不直接影响技术创新,而是通过知识创造的完全中介作用间接影响技术创新;加入高新技术集群类型这一控制变量后,各变量间影响关系的检验结果存在一定差异。 相似文献
7.
This article examines the knowledge component in cluster literature from its origins to the present. A chronological perspective is deployed in order to shed light on how the concept of clusters has evolved. Given the increasing interest in clusters as knowledge repositories, and the apparent conviction among policymakers of the manageability of clusters, lessons learned from knowledge management (KM) practices in organizations might well be applied to the many policy efforts aimed at governing clusters. We argue that introducing KM initiatives on a regional level should be accompanied by an understanding of the possible downfalls that are associated with KM failures. 相似文献
8.
9.
《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(1):142-154
The importance of business processes and the centrality of IT to contemporary organizations’ performance calls for a specific focus on business process management and IT management. Despite the wide scope of business process management covering both business and IT domains, and the profound impact of IT on process innovations, the association between business process management and IT management is under-explored. Drawing on a literature analysis of the capabilities of business process and IT governance frameworks and findings from a case study, we propose the need for horizontal integration between the two management functions to enable strategic and operational business—IT alignment. We further argue that the role of IT in an organization influences the direction of integration between the two functions and thus the choice of integration mechanisms. Using case study findings, we propose that IT as a business enabler respectively calls for sequential and reciprocal integrations at strategic and operational planning levels. Drawing on logical reasoning, we suggest that IT as a strategic driver necessitates reciprocal integration at both levels. 相似文献
10.
11.
集群企业知识管理评价系统及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
科学客观的集群企业知识管理水平评价活动不仅可以帮助集群企业发现知识管理活动中存在的主要问题及影响因素,而且有助于推动整个集群知识系统的成长.从集群知识环境和企业内部知识管理优势两个角度建立了一个能够反映集群企业特性的知识管理评价系统,以实现对同类产业集群内不同企业的实际知识管理水平和相对知识管理水平进行综合评价,并进行比较分析.最后分别以江苏省两个纺织产业集群内的两家企业为例,演示了集群企业知识管理水平的评测过程. 相似文献
12.
Hsin Hsin ChangAuthor Vitae I. Chen WangAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(2):171-182
Enterprise Information Portals (EIPs) have been widely adopted as platforms for the integration of knowledge management and information technology (IT). This study has been conducted from the knowledge management perspective in order to examine the influence of EIPs on collaborative commerce in the automobile industry. This study explores the integration of internal and external business processes and the coordination of collaborative design teams. An initial qualitative investigation explores the practical applications of an EIP in an automobile company. A research model is then formulated and tested using a questionnaire survey of the R&D department of a motor company in Taiwan. The results of the data analysis reveal that presence of EIPs can help a company realize the benefits of c-commerce. EIPs also can improve collaborative commerce performance by promoting the degree of integration of the enterprise process and by strengthening the process innovation and communication of collaborative design teams. The results suggest that managers should reinforce important factors, including knowledge management tools, process integration, and the quality of design teams, in order to achieve success in collaborative commerce. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Network dynamics in regional clusters: Evidence from Chile 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A wealth of empirical literature shows that one of elements of success for regional clusters is that they facilitate the formation of local inter-organizational networks, which act as conduits of knowledge and innovation. While several studies analyse the benefits and characteristics of regional cluster networks, very little is known about how such networks evolve over time and the extent to which their dynamics can affect development processes. Using longitudinal data on a wine cluster in Chile and Stochastic Actor-Oriented Models (SAOM) to measure network dynamics, this paper examines the microdynamics underpinning the formation of new knowledge ties among wineries. It finds that the coexistence of cohesion effects (reciprocity and transitivity) with the weak knowledge bases of some firms in the cluster contribute to a stable informal hierarchical network structure over time. The empirical results have implications for theories on network dynamics in regional clusters and cluster policies. 相似文献
16.
知识治理是知识管理活动的制度保障,是在制度层面上对知识行为的引导、激励和约束,进而维护知识活动各方的利益平衡、促进知识活动效益的最优化。知识共享行为是一种组织制度安排的结果,同时也是一种行为过程,受到知识治理的影响。知识治理对于知识共享行为的影响研究,很多的学者都从不同的侧面进行分析,涉及变量和因素有限,结论不稳定。另外,知识治理对于知识共享影响的内在机理有待进一步深入地探究。最后,从研究方法上,知识治理是组织层面的变量,个体知识共享是个体层面的变量,现有文献较少运用跨层次分析方法来整合组织和个体两个层面,剖析知识治理机制对个人层次知识共享的影响,因而研究结论有待验证。因此,基于现有文献研究的不足,本文探索性地引入中介变量组织支持感来分析知识治理对于知识共享行为的影响关系。依据已有的文献成果,本文提出以下8个假设:(1)正式知识治理对非正式知识治理具有正向的影响作用;(2)正式知识治理对于个体知识共享行为具有显著的正向影响;(3)非正式知识治理对于个体知识共享行为具有显著的正向影响;(4)正式知识治理对于组织支持感有显著的正向影响;(5)非正式知识治理对于组织支持感有显著的正向影响;(6)组织支持感对个体知识分享行为有显著的正向影响;(7)组织支持感中介了正式知识治理与个体知识共享行为之间的关系;(8)组织支持感中介了非正式知识治理与个体知识共享行为之间的关系。为了验证以上假设的有效性,本研究以中国华北地区140家企业621名员工为被试对象,其中男性占53.62%,本科以上员工占89.05%,工龄在5年以上的员工占76.97%,基层和一线工人占87.76%。对于模型中所涉及的变量,本文借鉴已有研究的中成熟量表进行测量。正式知识治理和非正式知识治理的测量参考了Cao等(2012)对于正式知识治理和非正式知识治理的测量量表,组织支持感使用Eisenberger编制的问卷,知识共享行为采用Yi开发了一套有效可靠的知识共享行为量表。所有变量在本文样本中内部一致性信度α系数都达到标准。在确保问卷的可信性和有效性基础上,本文利用跨层次分析对研究假设进行验证。得到了如下结论:(1)在知识管理领域中,员工组织支持感是链接组织知识治理与个体知识共享行为的中介桥梁。组织层面的知识管理活动一方面通过正式的知识治理对于员工的知识共享行为产生一定程度的影响,但是更重要是要通过对于员工组织支持感的影响来间接的作用员工知识共享行为。(2)组织知识活动对于员工个体知识共享行为的影响是多层次相互作用的结果,过程复杂。组织层面的正式知识治理通过三条途径作用员工个体知识共享行为:直接作用、通过非正式知识治理影响组织支持感的间接作用以及通过组织支持感的间接作用。非正式知识治理是间接的通过组织支持感的单途径来影响个体知识共享行为。与同类研究相比,本文进一步打开了知识治理对知识共享行为影响的"黑箱",丰富了知识管理的相关理论。此外,本文结论对企业知识管理实践活动具有很强的指导意义,具体表现在两个方面:一是企业要有效创建完善的知识治理机制,二是要重视对员工组织支持感的提升。本文虽然做出了一定的贡献,但仍然存在一些不足:第一,样本收集的数据受到地域和行业的限制;第二,对于知识治理的划分需要进一步研究;第三,中介变量、作用路径和机理还需要进一步探索。以上三点问题将是今后研究和改进的方向。 相似文献
17.
Employing the literature on IT governance and the structuration theory of technology assimilation, this research develops a conceptual model to examine decision execution mechanisms of IT governance in post-adoption stages of CRM diffusion, i.e. CRM use, impacts on business processes, and impacts on firm performance. While the literature mainly addresses the forms and contingencies of IT governance structures for decision making, we focus on IT governance mechanisms for decision execution, that is, the role of top management, business managers and IT managers in post-adoption stages of technology diffusion and how these groups are held accountable for their role. We conceptualize decision execution mechanisms of IT governance as including two dimensions: vertical advocacy from top management and horizontal coordination between business and IT managers. Decision execution mechanisms are assumed to facilitate CRM use and value creation. We analyze a dataset of 82 Chinese firms to examine the model and associated hypotheses. Our results show that: (1) decision execution mechanisms, including both vertical advocacy and horizontal coordination, significantly contribute to the three stages of CRM diffusion; (2) vertical advocacy has a notably greater effect on CRM use and firm performance gains than horizontal coordination, which has a greater effect on process gains. (3) CRM use creates operational and strategic benefits in customer-oriented business processes, which further improves firm performance. These findings have important implications for understanding how IT governance shapes the diffusion of CRM technology. 相似文献
18.
为整体把握国内文化创意产业集群的研究现状和趋势,以CNKI学术总库(2004—2013年)关于文化创意产业集群的文献为研究对象,采用文献计量研究方法对其数量分布、学科类型及研究热点进行统计分析,运用内容分析法,从创意产业集群的知识溢出与网络结构特征、形成机理与空间演化动力、发展模式与管理运行机制、发展城市创意集群的国外经验及对策建议等5个维度对相关文献进行梳理,最后在此基础上对这一主题研究作出评价及展望。 相似文献
19.
The role of informal networks in the development of regional clusters has recently received a lot of attention in the literature. Informal contact between employees in different firms is claimed to be one of the main carriers of knowledge between firms in a cluster. This paper examines empirically the role of informal contacts in a specific cluster. In a questionnaire survey, we asked a sample of engineers in a regional cluster of wireless communication firms in Northern Denmark a series of questions on informal networks. We analyze whether the engineers actually acquire valuable knowledge through these networks. We find that the engineers do share even quite valuable knowledge with informal contacts. This shows that informal contacts represent an important channel of knowledge diffusion. 相似文献
20.
知识治理是指从组织战略出发、运用一系列治理手段作用于知识活动、以实现组织目标的组织安排,其强调提升知识过程的组织能力。知识治理超越了知识管理的范畴,为组织与知识之间的衔接提供了一种新的理论解释。当前知识治理仍处于研究初期,急需对知识治理的概念内涵和理论架构形成一致认识,以搭建知识治理的理论框架。因此,本文运用文献分析法对国内外知识治理相关文献进行了梳理,对知识治理的源起、理论基础以及内容要素方面的前沿研究进行了系统分析,在此基础上构建了包含知识目标、知识治理手段、原则、对象与绩效的知识治理研究框架,并展望了未来的研究方向,以期为知识治理研究的深入探讨提供导引。 相似文献