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1.
企业成长受其构建的网络关系组合及所获网络资源的影响。结合资源基础观和组织间网络理论,本文构建网络关系-网络资源-集群企业成长的分析框架,基于苏州纺织业集群178家规模以上企业调查数据,建立联立方程并采用混合过程模型,实证集群内企业的成长绩效差异。研究表明,企业家认知和企业创新战略影响企业网络关系构建差异,并通过获取的网络资源影响企业成长绩效。具体说,分析型企业家和实施组合创新战略的企业有更高倾向构建企业间网络关系和非企业网络关系,且它们是互补关系组合;通过企业间网络关系获得的财务资源和信任,以及通过非企业网络关系获得的知识技术对集群企业成长有显著积极作用。 相似文献
2.
This article investigates how actors positioned in a network can evolve as knowledge brokers, as well as how they act to develop new brokerage roles. Our focus is on actor's behaviour while previous studies concentrate more on the structural and positional determinants of brokerage roles. This research combines brokerage roles with a broker's functions in an exploratory study of a small Italian comics publishing house. Over 20 years, the firm played different brokerage roles involving different actors at national and international levels. We find that if all brokerage roles involve transcoding functions, the ability to overcome transcoding obstacles, through the use of shared imprinting with receiving partners, could be useful for developing any brokerage role. Moreover, heterogeneity in the competences and industry experience of hired members of the management team could support the development of new brokerage roles, with differentiated effects on various brokers’ functions. If a brokerage role involves new actors with no previous allegiance, the status of the broker, signalled through network relations, can have significant impacts by indirectly communicating its superior knowledge. The proposed, emerging theoretical framework has direct implications for studies of knowledge brokers and innovation in social networks, as well as for entrepreneurship research. 相似文献
3.
创新网络技术多元化知识基础与企业创新绩效 《科学学研究》2022,40(9):1698-1709
在新一轮科技革命浪潮下,企业组建创新联合体成为大势所趋。合作创新网络中的多元化技术已经成为企业创新的关键外部资源,但关于创新网络技术多元化如何影响企业创新绩效的研究仍然缺乏,且现有研究往往忽略企业内外部资源的不同组合对企业创新绩效可能产生的差异性影响。文章融合社会网络理论、知识基础理论与动态能力理论,依据信息技术产业上市公司联合申请专利数据构建合作创新网络,采用面板数据随机效应负二项回归法,从个体网络视角分析创新网络技术多元化影响企业创新绩效的权变因素与内在机制,检验了一个被中介的调节效应模型。研究结果表明：创新网络技术多元化正向影响企业创新绩效;企业知识基础深度正向调节创新网络技术多元化与企业创新绩效的关系,而企业知识基础宽度的调节效应并不显著;企业知识基础深度对创新网络技术多元化与企业创新绩效关系的调节通过吸收能力的中介实现。研究结论对企业技术创新具有重要的理论及现实指导意义。 相似文献
4.
集群核心企业是集群中的主导力量,对非核心企业及集群的发展起着至关重要的作用。大多数核心企业不满足于其在集群中的领袖地位,而是选择"走出去"谋求更大的发展空间。核心企业的迁移行为会使其生存和成长所需的资源及资源的获取渠道发生根本性的变化,核心企业的网络结构和竞争优势也因此发生动态演化。基于多层网络视角和一手数据,本文对吉利进行了案例研究。本文深入分析了吉利总部及关键职能部门(生产、研发和营销)在多层网络中的位移状况和资源获取渠道的变化,以及吉利总部及关键职能部门迁移后的网络结构的变化和竞争优势的动态演化。研究结果表明集群核心企业的网络位移与其网络结构和动态竞争优势有着较为密切的联系。 相似文献
5.
网络结构、知识资源获取对企业成长绩效的影响——以西安光电子产业集群为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以企业网络理论为基础,通过对西安光电子产业集群113家企业进行问卷调查所获数据,运用回归模型进行实证研究.结果表明,显性知识资源获取和隐性知识资源获取在中心度、联结强度对成长绩效影响中扮演完全中介的作用,显性知识资源获取在网络规模对成长绩效影响中扮演完全中介的作用.因此,企业应重视网络结构,加强显性知识资源获取和隐性知识资源获取,充分利用网络这个知识、技术、资源丰富的平台,提高企业成长绩效. 相似文献
6.
【目的/意义】网络凝聚性互惠性、连续性和频繁性等基本特征,能够激发和加强合作组织之间的信任,并进
一步推动复杂技术或知识在合作网络中的交流。【方法/过程】本文利用京津冀跨区域联合申请专利数据,分析技术
合作网络凝聚性特征及其影响因素,探究京津冀跨区域主体间技术合作网络凝聚性演化动力机制。【结果/结论】结
果表明,京津冀跨区域主体间技术合作网络凝聚性较低,网络中主体间合作具有较高的沉没成本、机会成本和转化
成本;产业邻近性、社会网络稳定性和历史网络基础是影响网络凝聚性特征的重要因素;路径依赖是网络中凝聚子
群发育的动力机制;京津冀跨区域主体间技术合作网络治理方案可以围绕网络凝聚性特征和影响凝聚子群形成因
素两方面展开。【创新/局限】本文仅根据京津冀核心主体提出网络关系治理模型,定义的数目范围较小,今后应进
一步扩大研究主体范围并尝试提出适用于城市群网络关系治理的方案。 相似文献
7.
不确定环境下本地和跨区域双重学习网络的动态平衡对集群企业创新具有积极影响。通过对浙江省温州市184家集群企业的问卷调查和实证检验,研究发现:本地和跨区域学习网络显著正向影响集群企业创新,两种网络存在显著的替代效应,且两者动态平衡能够增强双重网络的创新贡献,实现创新效应最大化;行业环境负向调节本地网络和集群企业创新,而政策环境呈现正向调节,且调节的边际效应趋于减弱。研究建议,集群企业创新需要动态平衡构建本地和跨区域学习网络,政府政策支持需适度,且需重视行业要素建设以降低行业环境不确定性,从而促进集群企业创新。 相似文献
8.
企业外部研发合作内部知识网络与创新绩效 《科学学研究》2022,40(4):704-712
外部研发合作有利于丰富企业的知识元素和组合范式进而影响其创新绩效,企业内部知识网络会影响其外部研发合作的效能。基于知识组合的视角探究不同类型企业外部研发合作,与大学/研究机构的合作（学研合作）以及与企业的合作（企业合作）,对企业创新绩效的差异化影响,并进一步揭示企业内部知识网络特征（知识组合能力和知识协调成本）对上述影响的调节作用。通过对2012年—2017年中国计算机通信及电子设备制造业和医药制造业323家上市公司的数据分析,发现学研合作对企业创新绩效的促进作用大于企业合作;企业知识组合能力会抑制学研合作对企业创新绩效的积极影响,促进企业合作对企业创新绩效的积极影响;企业知识协调成本会减弱企业合作与企业创新绩效的正向关系,对学研合作与企业创新绩效关系的影响不显著。 相似文献
9.
肖小勇 《科学学与科学技术管理》2009,30(7)
在企业网络背景中,以学习为目的的合作关系的社会聚合程度对知识源组织发送知识的动机有较强的促进作用,知识接受企业的合作范围对自身的知识吸收能力有重要的正向影响,知识源与接受组织的共同努力有利于知识转移背景的改善,因此,企业网络可以提高组织问知识转移的效率.为此,合作中的落后企业一方面可以利用关系的社会聚合程度增进知识源知识转移动机与信心,一方面可以通过扩大合作范围提升自己的知识吸收能力. 相似文献
10.
全球新兴制造网络知识流动影响要素及演化 《科学学研究》2019,37(12):2194-2202
伴随全球新兴制造网络的发展,企业间国际知识流动呈现出新特点,其影响因素研究也从关注二元属性要素向网络关系要素转化。为此,基于网络资源观,提出企业资源配置网络影响国际知识流动网络的概念模型,并选取3D打印产业进行实证分析。基于专利、商业等多源异构数据,采用新兴的二次指派程序方法（QAP）,探讨产业发展各阶段影响要素及其演化。研究结果表明,国际化资源配置网络、价值链资源配置网络和产业制度资源配置网络均对国际知识流动网络有显著的正向影响;并且,其在产业不同发展阶段的作用效果有所不同。研究揭示了全球化、网络化时代企业间国际知识流动的新规律。 相似文献
11.
《Research Policy》2021,50(10):104343
Research in a number of fields has shown that brokerage is typically fragile while creating consequential outcomes. However, little work has examined the conditions under which brokerage ends, and furthermore, whether and when it terminates with closure in a closed triad that includes the broker, or in a dyad that connects the previously-disconnected alters but disintermediates the broker. We employ a comprehensive theoretical framework drawing on constrained agency to study these questions in a context of organizational innovation. Specifically, we investigate the role of hierarchy, inventors’ network neighborhoods and knowledge differences in shaping the evolution of brokerage. We test our ideas in the a setting of co-patenting in 41 large Chinese research-intensive organizations over the period 1996-2008, with a dataset of 36,338 patents applied for by these organizations. We first show that the type of brokerage ending matters for innovation outcomes by demonstrating that disintermediation creates more subsequent innovativeness than closure. Thereafter, we use a two-step model to first model the termination of brokerage and in the second step to predict the type of closing: disintermediation or closure. Our results show that the broker's and alters’ hierarchical rank similarity promotes disintermediation, as does alters’ connectedness in network neighborhoods, while knowledge differences among the broker and alters encourage the evolution of brokerage toward closure. We spell out the implications of our findings for organizational innovation and the management of R&D. 相似文献
12.
跨区域产学协同创新网络是一个由区域、区域间合作关系构成的合作网络,以及知识元素、知识元素间组合关系构成的知识网络共同构成的依存型多层网络。利用1997—2017年我国跨区域产学联合申请专利数据进行实证分析,结果表明：区域在合作网络中的中心性、结构洞和知识网络的多样性、组合机会显著正向影响跨区域协同创新绩效;知识网络的多样性负向调节区域在合作网络中的中心性和结构洞对跨区域协同创新绩效的影响作用;知识网络的组合机会负向调节区域在合作网络中的结构洞对跨区域协同创新绩效的影响作用。因此,区域创新中应充分利用产学主体的合作网络优势位置和知识网络优质资源,为跨区域资源共享和价值共创提供不竭动力。 相似文献
13.
模块化创新的知识链模型及其集成管理架构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
模块化具有分解复杂系统的功能,模块化创新实现了创新资源在集群企业内的分享与合作．知识链由知识获取、知识选择、知识形成、知识内化及知识外化五个基本活动和领导、协调、控制、测评四个辅助活动构成．对知识链各环节的集成式动态管理是模块化创新知识链管理架构的核心．在此,将单个企业的知识链扩展到模块化创新下企业群的知识链,分析了模块化创新知识链的结构,提出模块化创新知识链的概念模型及其集成管理战略架构,并通过CMI应用案例分析对模块化创新知识链集成管理模式予以阐释． 相似文献
14.
This paper develops a conceptual framework that explores the linkage between the evolution of global production networks (GPN), the role of network flagships in transferring knowledge, and the formation of capabilities by local suppliers. GPN are a major innovation in the organization of international business. These networks combine concentrated dispersion of the value chain across the boundaries of the firm and national borders, with a parallel process of integrating hierarchical layers of network participants. The network flagships transfer both explicit and tacit knowledge to local suppliers through formal and informal mechanisms. This is necessary to upgrade the local suppliers’ technical and managerial skills, so that they can meet the flagships’ specifications. We also examine how GPN can act as mediators in the capability formation of local suppliers. 相似文献
15.
We explore how a firm’s knowledge structure characteristics and market identity—as reflected in its position in the industry value chain and market status—influence knowledge-based alliance (KBA) formation. We propose that a firm’s propensity to form KBAs is affected by the congruence (or misalignment) between its knowledge structure characteristics (i.e., knowledge depth and scope) and the role it plays in the industry, as demanded by its position in the value chain. We further argue that while a firm’s market status can amplify the positive effect of the congruence, thereby enhancing a firm’s proclivity to form KBAs, being prominent can also hurt a firm when it faces a misalignment between its knowledge structure characteristics and externally induced expectations related to its value chain position. We validate our arguments using panel data on 1051 firm-year observations for 197 firms patenting in the global fuel cell industry for the period 1999–2009. By developing a richer understanding of the relationship between a firm’s knowledge-based resources and KBA formation, we answer the call for a better understanding of how and when firms can leverage their internal knowledge configurations to improve their proclivity to form alliances. 相似文献
16.
在厘清知识协同理论、跨区域应急协作体系概念和内涵基础上,从知识协同视角分析了当前我国跨区域应急协作中存在的突出问题,提出了基于知识协同的跨区域应急协作体系框架,分析了其主要构成要素和运作机理。跨区域应急协作是不同地区应急主体间的知识协同过程,基于知识协同的跨区域应急协作体系主要包括:跨区域应急知识协同网、知识协同平台和保障机制,应急协同网是实现跨区域应急知识协同的组织形式,知识协同平台提供技术支撑,保障机制是保证体系建立和实施的"软"环境。 相似文献
17.
组织创新网络中的中间人角色及其影响因素——以中国制药技术领域为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
借鉴Gould和Fernandez的中间人分类方法,基于专利合作数据分析了中国制药技术领域组织创新网络中的中间人角色及其影响因素,讨论了中间人角色的转变路径以及组织创新网络的演变模式。结果表明：组织创新网络中的中间人主要是协调人、守门人和代理人,顾问和联络人较少;不同性质及不同区域的组织中间人角色存在较大差异。组织知识基础、吸收能力与组织所属区域知识基础对组织创新网络中的中间人角色及其转变路径有较大影响,不同的中间人在组织创新网络演变的不同阶段发挥不同作用。 相似文献
18.
Mariana Giovanna Andrade Rojas Edgar Rogelio Ramirez Solis John JianJun Zhu 《Research Policy》2018,47(6):1111-1124
This study focuses on the multiplexity of firm R&D networks, and it investigates two types of boundary-spanning networks: the bipartite network between firms and government-sponsored institutions (GSIs), and the traditional firm–firm network. We apply a social network perspective to examine the effects that these kinds of networks have on firm innovativeness, in relation to the effects of the firm’s internal R&D efforts. We define the firm-GSI network as bipartite, and we investigate how the structural characteristics of this network (cohesion and centrality) affect innovativeness. We then decompose the innovational effects of firm–firm networks into two categories (intra- and inter-sector) to distinguish the effects of these collaboration networks. Furthermore, we investigate how these various external collaborative networks interact with a firm’s internal R&D efforts for driving innovativeness. Our empirical study of 420 manufacturing firms in Mexico evaluates evidence from surveys and secondary data. The findings indicate that the structural properties of both firm–GSI and firm–firm networks have positive effects on innovativeness, but firm–GSI network cohesion has a stronger negative interaction with R&D in influencing firm innovativeness. Moreover, intra-sector centrality in a firm–firm network has a stronger negative interaction with R&D than inter-sector centrality does in driving firm innovativeness. We contribute to the literature by integrating insights from the perspectives of network multiplexity, social embeddedness, and resource complementarity in regard to inter-organizational behavior. Our study also provides meaningful guidelines for both managers and policy makers. The study’s findings are robust to concerns of common method bias and alternative model specifications. 相似文献
19.
通过网络嵌入构建关系资源是网络条件下获取知识的重要机制。论文首先分析了网络嵌入条件下外部知识获取中的三大关系资源机制:溢出机制、共享机制和挖掘机制。在此基础上,论文构建了网络嵌入影响一国知识获取的关系资源综合效应模型,认为一个国家的核心企业对国外网络和国内网络的双边嵌入有利于提升该国知识水平,具体表现为两个方面,一方面通过关系资源作用机制实现的直接效应,另一方面通过影响吸收能力和研发投入实现的间接效应。最后通过建立结构方程模型进行了实证研究,发现与理论分析一致的结论。 相似文献
20.
The paper focuses on cluster policies with particular attention to the role of R&D collaborative incentives in the structuring of knowledge networks in clusters. We disentangle the main network failures in regional innovation systems, and discuss the selection procedures designed by policy makers to foster knowledge collaborations. We draw evidence from the French Aerospace Valley cluster from 2006 to 2015. The case study is based on a dataset of 248 granted research consortia, from which we build 4-cohort knowledge networks that enable us evidencing the evolving structural properties of the cluster over time. We suggest avoiding the bias and limitations of 1 and 2-mode network analysis by developing an original place-based network methodology that emphasizes on structural equivalence and groups’ behaviors. We discuss the results focusing on the convergence degree between the structural properties of the cluster selected by the Program and the policy makers’ objectives. Finally, the methodology allows us to identify the agents of the structural and technological changes observed throughout the period. 相似文献