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1.
This paper critically considers the notion of educational policy transfer by addressing the roles of significant actors, based on an analysis of educational reforms made during the Soviet and US military occupation in the two Koreas. Using evidence from the Korean cases, the paper challenges the state-centric, linear, and static views of educational policy transfer, and proposes a new conceptualisation which involves multiple actors from different levels including international, domestic, and individual players. While the educational reforms in the two Koreas were developed by the Soviet and US military in order to maximise their long-term security interests in the Korean peninsula, the key actors who implemented the reforms were Korean policy-makers, who had been appointed to key positions of the educational administrations through the bureaucratic politics between the military authorities and the Korean polity. Thus, specific programmes and policies for implementation of the reforms depended on the Korean policy-makers’ understanding and interpretations of the different ideologies of the Soviet Union and the USA. 相似文献
2.
Klaus Dittrich 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(3):265-284
Korea opened up to foreign intercourse in 1876, when the country concluded its first international treaty with Japan. Similar treaties with European and American nations followed during the 1880s. The period until 1910, when Korea was annexed to the Japanese Empire, saw manifold attempts to reform as well as resistance to these reforms. Against the background of research on the world institutionalisation of education, this contribution analyses the changes that the opening of Korea entailed in the field of education, especially focusing on newly established forms of education. First, modern education was characterised by newly created institutions and curricula. These institutions can be classified according to the actors engaged in their creation, private Korean citizens, foreign missionary actors and the Korean government. Second, new educational discourses and practices characterised modern education in Korea. These new discourses played a central role in negotiating Korean nationalism and in culturally positioning Korea between China and the “West”. Bodily practices were radically changed through uniforms, new hairstyles and military drills. A new system of classroom interaction was introduced to Korea. 相似文献
3.
刘福江 《衡阳师范学院学报》2005,26(1):36-39
朝鲜半岛问题形成有三大外部原因：日本对朝鲜实行殖民统治及其在二战结束末期对驻朝日军的重大调整，种下了朝鲜半岛南北分裂的祸根；第二次世界大战后，美、苏两个超级大国在朝鲜半岛上各自划分势力范围，并以北纬38度线为界进行全面对抗，从而使朝鲜半岛南北双方的分裂最终成为事实；朝鲜战争的爆发及停战协定的签订，则进一步加剧了半岛的分裂状态。 相似文献
4.
反美主义目前已成为国际关系中的重要现象。韩国的反美主义已经成为影响韩国政治与外交的重要因素。其实质是一种反美情绪而非根深蒂固的意识形态敌对,源自韩国经济发展的促进、民主化的推动、民族主义的膨胀与美韩不平等关系的刺激。通过利益表达机制与媒体报道,韩国反美主义的社会影响与政治效应愈加明显。对美韩同盟、美韩关系、朝鲜半岛问题以及东北亚格局都有所影响。成为研究韩国外交政策不可或缺的元素。 相似文献
5.
Hermenegilde Rwantabagu 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,57(3-4):457-475
This paper addresses the dilemma of language in education in African countries with particular reference to Burundi. African languages are still marginalised by colonial languages such as French and English. Looking at other African countries in general and at the case of Burundi in detail, an analysis is made of the adopted policies aimed at promoting the use of the mother tongue as a basis for knowledge acquisition and cultural integration. Burundi has gone through a series of educational reforms both before and after gaining independence in 1962, with French and Kirundi competing as curricular teaching languages. After the integration of Burundi into the East African Community in July 2007, English and Kiswahili were added to the curriculum, complicating education policies. This article places particular emphasis on the contextual challenges that tend to impair the full implementation of the adopted policy reforms. The paper concludes by advocating for a multilingual approach in which the indigenous mother tongue serves as the basis for the acquisition of other languages in the curriculum. 相似文献
6.
沈奕辰 《石家庄职业技术学院学报》2014,26(5):31-35
格鲁吉亚首都第比利斯于1989年4月爆发的第比利斯事件成为苏联解体进程的催化剂。格鲁吉亚内部的民族矛盾及其与莫斯科方面的根本分歧促使了格鲁吉亚走上独立的道路,而戈尔巴乔夫改革所导致的苏联政治迅速衰败以致崩溃,使这一历史事件在20世纪80年代末发生。第比利斯事件导致国家机关统治效力缺失,党和政府公信力下降以及苏军政治忠诚度弱化,进而加速了苏联解体的进程。 相似文献
7.
韩国高等教育信息化发展近况及其启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
信息技术的发展已经影响到教育的各个方面。本文通过对韩国高等教育信息化的发展阶段、基本政策、韩国高校实施电子化学习和大学电子化学习支持中心的建立以及信息技术支持学术研究等情况的介绍与分析,总结韩国高等教育信息化在政府高度重视、各相关部门通力合作、需求导向的政策规划、有力的预算支持以及有效监管和评估等方面的成功经验,以期对其他国家和地区有所借鉴。 相似文献
8.
近年来,俄罗斯恐怖事件频发,民族因素是一个重要原因。俄罗斯自古就存在大民族主义和大国沙文主义,苏联成立后苏俄各届政府又奉行错误的民族政策。冷战后国际上的民族分离主义浪潮,对俄罗斯的民族主义起了推波助澜的作用。有鉴于此,要缓解俄罗斯的民族矛盾,就要坚持民族不分大小、一律平等;制定符合实际的民族政策;对于某些打着民族主义旗号的分裂活动,要坚定不移地打击,并将其遏制在萌芽状态。 相似文献
9.
Jeongran Oh 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(3):381-392
Recent reforms of high school education in Korea have focused on transforming the uniform and standardized system into a deregulated
and diversified system that has an emphasis on school choice and competition. Situating the high school diversification policy
in the context of the recent controversy of the neoliberal educational reform, this study argues that school diversification
in Korea is deeply impaired and unfulfilled, such as in situations in which the school differentiation and elite high school
credentials struggle are reinforced by the peculiar nature of the Korean educational market, namely the hakbul-based society and the development of private educational markets. It suggests that special attention should be drawn to integrate
the reform efforts for high school diversification into the ways in which the policy is being configured and delivered within
the pursuit of educational equality and social justice. 相似文献
10.
基础音乐教育改革与高师音乐教学的对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王娟娟 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2008,10(3):86-89
受新一轮国家基础教育课程改革的带动,全国高师音乐教育教学也进行了一些尝试性的改革,并在个别方面取得了明显成效。但由于传统音乐教育教学体制和意识的影响,改革的进程较为迟缓,因此,必须从根本上更新观念,切实提高对高师音乐教育教学与基础音乐教育改革关系的认识,深入系统地对教育现状、培养目标、课程设置、教学内容等方面进行研究,使高师音乐教育教学迅速与基础音乐教育接轨,培养适应社会发展的合格人才,促进基础音乐教育改革的良性发展。 相似文献
11.
学术界通行的看法是：20世纪40年代末以美国为首的资本主义阵营和以苏联为首的社会主义阵营的形成与对峙标志着世界冷战格局的形成。本认为美国冷战政策的出台与亚洲有关，但由于战时和战后初期美、苏的全球战略重点和其亚洲政策，以及亚洲社会主义国家的建国历程和民族解放运动，冷战格局在亚洲的形成是在朝鲜战争后，与欧洲不同步。 相似文献
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14.
Larry D. Yore John O. Anderson Mei-Hung Chiu 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2010,8(3):593-609
Evidence-based policies, decisions, and practices are highly valued and underachieved in the international mathematics and
science education reforms. Many in the mathematics and science education research communities lament the lack of influence
that research results have on the education profession, schools, and teaching. Academic research done in isolation of end-users—with
the faint hope that teachers, politicians, and bureaucrats will access and utilise these results to inform curriculum, assessment,
and instruction and to influence public policy—has not worked. Some funding agencies require dissemination of research and
development results to the broader political and education communities; therefore, applicants agree to these requirements
without fully realizing the breadth of these demands. However, to achieve such knowledge transfer requirements, researchers
need to become more (a) aware of the needs, players, and processes of ‘speaking truth to power’; (b) active in knowledge transfer
and influencing public policy; and (c) alert to values and normative premises of the policy makers. This article outlines
the essential principles, barriers within the academic community, international efforts, and future considerations for knowledge
transfer regarding international assessments. Specific articles on PISA 2000, 2003, and 2006 included in this special issue
are used to illustrate these insights into verification of curricular influences, educational opportunity and equality, regional
comparisons, and direct influence on policy. 相似文献
15.
Nicola Ansell 《比较教育学》2002,38(1):91-112
Analysis of the educational needs of rural girls in Lesotho and Zimbabwe suggests a number of shortcomings in the current form of secondary education, and ways in which it might be modified so as to serve this sizeable group of students better. Several of the shortcomings, notably in relation to curricular irrelevance and excessive focus on examinations, have long been recognised, including by politicians. Yet political pronouncements are seldom translated into policy, and even where policy is formulated, reforms are seldom implemented in schools. This paper makes use of interviews with educational decision-makers in the two southern African countries and a range of documentary sources to explore why, despite the considerable differences between the two contexts, much needed educational reforms have been implemented in neither. 相似文献
16.
Gustavo E. Fischman Amelia Marcetti Topper Iveta Silova Janna Goebel Jessica L. Holloway 《教育政策杂志》2019,34(4):470-499
This paper examines whether, to what extent, and how international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) have influenced education policy-making at the national level. Based on an exploratory review of the research and policy literature on ILSAs and two surveys administered to educational policy experts, researchers, policymakers, and educators, our research found that ILSAs, with their multiple and ambiguous uses, increasingly function as solutions in search for the right problem – that is, they appear to be used as tools to legitimize educational reforms. The survey results pointed to a growing perception among stakeholders that ILSAs are having an effect on national educational policies, with 38% of respondents stating that ILSAs were generally misused in national policy contexts. However, while the ILSA literature indicates that these assessments are having some influence, there is little evidence that any positive or negative causal relationship exists between ILSA participation and the implementation of education reforms. Perhaps the most significant change associated with the use of ILSAs in the literature reviewed is the way in which new conditions for educational comparison have been made possible at the national, regional, and global levels. 相似文献
17.
张秉福 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2005,7(6):77-82
本科高等职业院校实施通才教育，是实现培养目标的需要；是本科高等职业教育主动应对现代社会挑战的需要；是纠正现行高等职业教育弊端，促进其健康发展的需要；是沟通普职高教、构建高教“立交桥”的需要。为此，应在转变教育观念的基础上，对本科高等职业教育的专业设置和课程教学进行一系列相应的调整和改革。 相似文献
18.
World culture theory (WCT) offers an explanatory framework for macro-level comparative analyses of systems of mass education, including their structures, accompanying policies and their curricular and pedagogical practices. WCT has contributed to broader efforts to overcome methodological nationalism in comparative research. In this paper, we acknowledge the contributions of world culture theory in these terms, but develop the case for an alternative explanatory framework – world-systems analysis (WSA) – rooted in the historical development and contemporary crises of the capitalist world-economy. This case is built on two major points of critique of world culture theory: first, that its consensus orientation is inadequate for a macro-level accounting of social reality; and second, that its analysis of the economic functions of mass education, in isolation from the capitalist world-economy, further weakens its explanatory power. Working from this critique, we elaborate the capacity of world-systems analysis to overcome these shortcomings by providing a more comprehensive, historical perspective. This alternative approach incorporates the identification and analysis of shared cultural understandings underpinning policy and institutional practice, linked to the development of the capitalist world-economy. We conclude this paper by affirming the value of WSA as an alternative approach for comparative research, and its potential contribution to the development of more enlightened educational policy and a more just and democratic world-system. 相似文献
19.
加拿大化运动是20世纪60年代末由加拿大学术界所倡导的学术与文化民族主义运动。从1968年在卡尔顿大学兴起,到70年代意义深远的教育改革和1981年一项新的国家移民政策的制定,加拿大化运动经历了曲折的历程。它对加拿大高等教育的发展,特别是对加拿大大学的课程设置、聘任制度及其实施,以及加拿大民族主义的构建都产生了深远的影响。 相似文献
20.
Asia Pacific Education Review - This research explores the influences of ideology and nationalism on education reforms in South and North Korea through a comparative historical analysis of... 相似文献