共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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h指数与科研评价的新视野 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
h指数是美国物理学家乔治·赫什提出的一种旨在衡量科学家个人科研成就的指标.这一指标为传统的文献计算学研究和科技评价指标提供了一种新的视野.本文论述了h指数的内涵、计算方法、与传统评价指标的比较,并详细分析了其有效性和缺陷,对其经验性应用作了综合评价. 相似文献
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基于平衡视角下的多维分析框架和系统视角下的多类分析框架,结合高水平研究型大学的科研特点,构建高水平研究型大学下属学院科研评价指标体系,提出相应的定量与定性评价指标,并对指标内涵与计分方法进行分析与检验,以期为高水平研究型大学进一步完善科研评价体系提供参考. 相似文献
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现行定量科研评价忽视了评价结果对科研质量改进的导向作用,容易对科技领域的创新活动起到负面效果。本文旨在提供一种评价与改进相结合的科研质量评价的思想方法与应用策略。应用因果分析方法,分析了科研质量的构成要素及其内在联系;借鉴学术界在质量评价、科研评价和质量改进领域的相关研究成果,论述了支持改进的科研质量评价的基本原理(内涵、评价目标与准则、评价思路与工作流程);结合我国高校研究机构的基本现状,探讨了支持改进的科研质量评价理论成果的应用难点与实施对策。本文的研究成果,弥补了科研领域的符合性评价与质量奖评价的局限性,也为我国高校研究机构提升科研质量提供了一种新的途径。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】为更加公正地评价科研团队的影响力,针对当前科研团队评价中对引文分布偏态问题的忽
视,本文提出一种新的科研团队影响力评价指标——科研团队被引均衡性指标（Cited Balance,简称Cb指标）。【方
法/过程】首先,利用社会化网络分析方法（Social Network Analysis,简称SNA）获取10个科研团队及其成员;然后,
在中国引文数据库中分别下载科研团队发表文章的被引信息;最后,利用修正的泰尔指数衡量科研团队文献被引
分布的均衡性,计算科研团队的Cb值。【结果/结论】实证研究发现,新指标Cb能够综合考虑团队的发文量、被引频
次和文献被引的均衡性,对科研团队影响力评价更加全面、公正。【创新/局限】被引均衡性Cb指标为科研团队影响
力评价提供了一种新方法,但未来仍需对该指标做进一步的检验。 相似文献
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搭建了一个领域专家评价网络信息服务平台,实现了基于国内外学术数据库的信息采集、整理、分析与挖掘的自动化处理,通过分析专家的各项评价指标数据,构建各领域的专家库,并提供分析结果的多途径导出和可视化展示,能够为科研工作者和科研管理部门提供相应的信息服务和决策支持。 相似文献
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基于“AHP-IE-PCA”组合赋权法的战略性新兴产业选择模型研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
分析了层次分析法（AHP）、信息熵法（IE）和主成分分析法（PCA）等现有产业选择与评价方法应用到区域战略性新兴产业中的不足,根据区域战略性新兴产业的选择与评价的特殊性,构建了相应的指标体系,尝试性地提出了基于＂AHP-IE-PCA＂组合赋权的区域战略性新兴产业选择模型,并将这一方法应用于N县战略性新兴产业的选择与评价中。 相似文献
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This study empirically tests a model of a university's selectivity and support policy orientation for technology licensing and its interaction with the external environment for entrepreneurship. Using a sample of 134 US research universities, we investigate main, two-way and three-way interaction effects for two measures of technology transfer performance—licenses with companies that subsequently go public and product royalties. Results indicate both main and moderating effects for both measures of performance. Implications for practice and policy are offered, with special attention to public universities. 相似文献
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This paper investigated how universities facilitate the process of spin-off venture formation based on academic research. Building on a capability perspective, we add to the literature on university characteristics and resources by exploring how the university context impacts the entrepreneurial process. We based our study on two mid-range universities and followed the start-up process of four spin-off ventures. Based on the results of our longitudinal study, we propose a set of three university capabilities that facilitate the venture-formation process: (1) creating new paths of action, (2) balancing both academic and commercial interests, and (3) integrating new resources. Each capability is particularly important for specific phases in the venturing process. Our findings suggest that these capabilities are dependent on prior spin-off experience and reside within several actors both inside and outside of the university. Furthermore, universities with weaknesses in the identified areas can take strategic action to develop these capabilities to some degree. 相似文献
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在新形势下,习近平关于新时代科技创新系列重要论述为深度推进我国行业特色高校科技创新事业的发展改革确立了全方位的战略导向。通过词云分析等方法,研究把握习近平关于新时代科技创新系列重要论述的要义,以其为指导方向,针对我国行业特色高校科技创新发展存在的优势学科单一、基础学科缺乏,办学经费及各类资源有限,以及专业技术职务职称评定体系简单等问题,从以服务行业发展为宗旨、完善体制机制改革与创新生态环境建设、创新人才培养体系建设以及加强交叉学科建设和对外交流等方面,提出行业特色高校科技创新体系构建的路径建议。 相似文献
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作为2014年新推出的一项科研评价指数,自然指数能通过文章计量数和分数式计量数两个指标数据反映出国家、地区、科研机构和大学等高水平论文的产出能力、创新趋势、创新能力、优势学科和合作潜力,为我们提供了一种新的评估高校科研能力的方法。自然指数以12个月为统计时长,定期更新,对被评价机构在82种顶级自然科学类期刊上发表的研究型论文进行了统计分析。与基本科学指标数据库（ESI）评价体系需要监测十年的论文数据相比,自然指数的排名更能反映出被评价机构在短期内的科研产出情况,能更客观公正的评价新建高校科研产出的情况。以南方科技大学为例,该校建校未满十年,ESI数据与其他老牌高校还有一定差距,但从自然指数数据显示,该校高水平论文一直在飞速增长,上升势头非常明显,2018年已跃居内地高校第27位,深圳地区首位。数据还表明该校与海外大学的科研合作十分密切,发表的高水平论文以外部合作为主,其优势学科为化学和物理学科,生命科学和地球与环境科学相对比较薄弱,学科发展水平较不均衡。同样,自然指数评价体系也存在一些不足,如对学者的贡献程度没有区分,默认每位作者的贡献相等;统计的是论文数量和分数式计量的总量,没有以个人平均产出作为衡量标准等。随着自然指数的推广,入选自然指数统计源的各期刊,极有可能被科研管理部门在科研评价中赋予更高的权重,也会成为科研工作者投稿时选择顶级期刊的一个标准。自然指数以一种全新的视角评价了高校的科研产出情况,为今后的科研管理工作提供了一定参考。 相似文献
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为更好发挥北京高校在基础研究、产学研协同创新和区域科技创新等方面的优势,进一步推动科技创新中心建设,采用实证分析方法,依据2012—2017年北京高校在RD人员、RD经费投入、科技产出及成果、专利所有权转让及技术合同成交等方面的数据,找出北京高校参与科技创新中心建设的问题与短板,针对存在的问题给出对策与建议。 相似文献
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We analyze how mid-range universities can contribute to industrial change through the transfer of tacit and codified knowledge in the areas of spin-offs; licensing and patents; contract research, consultancy and reach-out; and graduate and researcher mobility. We use archival, survey and interview data relating to mid-range universities in mid-range environments in the UK, Belgium, Germany and Sweden. Our findings suggest that mid-range universities primarily need to focus on generating world-class research and critical mass in areas of expertise, as well as developing different types of intermediaries. Mid-range universities may need to develop a portfolio of university-industry linkages in terms of the scope of activities and the types of firms with which they interact. We also show that different intermediaries have important roles to play in developing university-industry linkages for mid-range universities. 相似文献
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Technology acceptance has spawned considerable research in technology adoption, technology use, and technology switching. However, technology choice—i.e., an individual’s selection of a technology from a set of technologies that support similar tasks—has received limited attention in information systems research. This research was aimed at identifying the drivers of technology choice through a series of activities in two universities, in which students chose an information technology tool from various alternatives to complete the given tasks. A thematic analysis was conducted on the reasons for technology choice reported by 249 students, which yielded 18 technology, user, and environmental drivers that influenced individuals’ technology choice. This study provides insights into the drivers generally applicable for technology choice and drivers applicable in specific contexts. Implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
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Nicola Baldini 《Research Policy》2006,35(4):518-532
This paper focuses on Italian universities’ patenting activities between 1965 and 2002 and on the way they were affected by internal IPR regulations, set as part of broader responses to the increased level of autonomy granted to universities during the 1990s. Our analyses are based on a unique dataset including detailed information on all patents filed by Italian universities and university-level characteristics. Results show that: (1) in the last 10 years, the number of Italian university patents rose substantially; (2) patenting activities almost tripled in universities with an internal IPR regulation, after controlling for several universities’ characteristics, previous patenting activity and time trends; (3) each time a university creates its own patent regulation, there is a 9% increase in the likelihood that universities without any internal patent regulation will adopt one. Implications for university technology transfer policies are discussed. 相似文献
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Why do some universities generate more start-ups than others? 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The results of this study provide insight into why some universities generate more new companies to exploit their intellectual property than do others. We compare four different explanations for cross-institutional variation in new firm formation rates from university technology licensing offices (TLOs) over the 1994-1998 period—the availability of venture capital in the university area; the commercial orientation of university research and development; intellectual eminence; and university policies. The results show that intellectual eminence, and the policies of making equity investments in TLO start-ups and maintaining a low inventor’s share of royalties increase new firm formation. The paper discusses the implications of these results for university and public policy. 相似文献