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1.
Tom Woodin 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(1):89-104
Theories of radical or critical pedagogy have emphasized the importance of relating educational work to broader social movements although this has not been developed in detail. The recent history of community publishing and worker writing workshops in Britain helps to illuminate how these ideas have been adapted in a number of informal settings. Using archive materials, interviews with activists and my personal experience I explore some dilemmas and tensions within the idea of radical pedagogy. In particular, attempts to reconfigure relations between writers/students and organizers/tutors, as well as the role of personal experience, are examined in relation to both organizational and wider societal relations. These interventions faced many challenges but were not completely undermined. 相似文献
2.
The answers given by a group of physics graduate students to two problems on the speed of light are analysed. The results seem to confirm the use of spontaneous ideas which are very similar to those which form the ‘spontaneous’ kinematics proposed by Saltiel (1980). Some consequences related to the teaching of physics and special relativity are discussed. 相似文献
3.
set about,set off和set out作“开始,着手,出发”解时,很容易混淆。现将其用法分述如下。1.set about是“着手(开始)做某事”之意,about是个介词,其后要接名词、代词或动名词。例如: Come and set about your work.来吧,开始干活吧。 相似文献
4.
In recent decades, many educational reforms have been implemented that aim to effect a change in teachers’ and pupils’ roles by promoting meaningful learning. Yet, little is known about how teachers perceive these roles as a part of their professional belief system. In this study, 68 Finnish comprehensive school teachers were interviewed. The data were content analysed. The results showed that teachers recognised the importance of facilitating pupils’ active role in learning, but still mostly considered pupils as passive in school practices. Moreover, teachers perceived pupils as active educational participants most often outside the classroom, in informal school settings. Correspondingly, teachers described themselves primarily as knowledge transmitters in pupils’ learning. In their professional community, teachers perceived themselves mostly as reproducers of knowledge instead of facilitators of learning. There was also variation between the teachers as well as within a single teacher’s beliefs. 相似文献
5.
Charlotte E. Rees Lynn V. Knight Jennifer A. Cleland 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2009,34(4):455-467
Current perspectives in cognitive linguistics highlight the conceptual nature of cognition and how the conceptual metaphors we hold affect ways we think, talk and act. This study examines medical educators’ metaphoric talk to understand ways in which assessment relationships with students are conceptualised in order to understand why educators might ‘fail to fail’ underperformance in medical students. We conducted 10 focus groups with 70 educators at two UK medical schools. The audiotapes were transcribed and analysed using systematic metaphor analysis. The analysis revealed six over‐arching metaphors associated with the target domain of assessment relationships, i.e. assessment relationships as journey, war, sport, parentalism, machine and medicine. While medical educators conceptualised students’ academic failure in relatively innocuous ways (e.g. students’ failure to arrive at their destination; journey), they also conceptualised failure in harmful ways (e.g. students’ death; war). If medical educators hold the concept of assessment relationships as war, it is perhaps unsurprising that they are reluctant to fail students. We discuss these findings in light of existing literature and provide recommendations for designing training sessions through which assessors can address reluctance to fail underperformance. Such faculty development may aid assessors in identifying and using alternative metaphors to conceptualise the assessment relationship. 相似文献
6.
Grant Webb Bruce Allen Knight Gillian Busch 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2017,25(2):204-217
Children progress through a number of life transitions and each is a pivotal point of development and growth for them, their parents and family members. Through a review of the literature, the Bioecological Model will be used to frame childhood transitions as highly social, contextualised and political. This paper will assert that governments, schools and educators have an increased role in supporting parents with their changing roles, responsibilities and relationships as their child transitions to school and that schools need to provide space for parents to share their own transition to school narratives in order to better understand the effect these stories may have on the transition process for them and their children. Finally, schools and systems will be challenged to engage in a strengths-based approach to support parents at this pivotal time in their own and their child’s growth and development and call for increased research to identify ways in which this can occur within respectful, collaborative and agentic relationships. 相似文献
7.
The main aim of this research is to examine the basic features of student teachers’ professional beliefs about the teacher’s role in relation to teaching mainstream pupils and pupils with developmental disabilities. The starting assumption of this analysis is that teacher professional development is largely dependent upon teachers’ beliefs about various facets of their professional work. These concepts strongly influence the way that teachers teach and the way that they develop as teachers. The participants in the research are 314 student teachers at the Faculty of Teacher Education of the University of Zagreb who are being prepared to teach in lower grades of primary school. The beliefs were explored using a metaphor technique derived from cognitive theory of metaphor. The differences between beliefs about the perceived teacher role in general, and the perceived teacher role in the education of pupils with developmental disabilities were analysed. The results indicate that the dominant belief about the teacher’s role in teaching mainstream pupils is of the teacher as a transmitter of knowledge, while the findings regarding the dominant belief about the teacher’s role in teaching pupils with developmental difficulties appeared to be self-cantered orientation. No differences were found between student teachers at different study levels. The findings are discussed in the light of the curriculum of initial teacher education. 相似文献
8.
Recent reforms in higher education have provided material for researching different aspects of doctoral studies in a variety of ways. Much of the current literature concentrates on characteristics of effective supervision and doctoral students’ experiences. Less attention has been paid to the study experiences of non-completers – former doctoral students who dropped out of doctoral programmes prior to graduation. In the current study, we explore doctoral studies experiences from the perspective of non-completers and aim to identify factors that were related to dropping out. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews from 14 former doctoral students in the field of education, and qualitative thematic data analysis techniques were employed for data analysis. The results indicate that dropping out from doctoral studies is associated with different factors: for example, (with) students’ personal factors, supervisory arrangements, as well as factors related to institution and the wider learning environment. These results are further discussed and implications for enhancing study arrangements for doctoral studies are presented. 相似文献
9.
怎样把“一个孩子如果有自己的房子就好了。”译成英语呢?A.It's nice if a child can have an own room.B.It's nice if a child can have his own room.A 句为错句,own 只能在所有格词语的后边使用。例:(1)She likes to have her own way.她喜欢按自己的主意行事。例:(2)She married him of her own choice against her parents’will. 相似文献
10.
Amanda Keddie 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2008,38(2):171-185
Exploring how the transformative intentions within the mandated citizenship curriculum framework for English schools demand a particular kind of citizenship teacher – one who ‘acts against the grain’ of the inequities and injustices of the social world – this paper presents Mr C's story. Mr C is a secondary teacher at an Upper School located north of London. The paper considers the significance of his philosophies and knowledge in enabling practice aimed at developing students' socially inclusive but critical understandings of diversity and difference. Mr C's well‐defined personal philosophies about justice and the ‘common good’ and his capacity to translate these philosophies into practice are presented as central to mobilising the transformative or ‘maximal’ intentions of the citizenship curriculum. In highlighting the complexities and sophistication in Mr C's approach, however, the issues presented in this paper further strengthen the critique regarding the curriculum's depoliticised approach. While Mr C draws on the curriculum as a political device to support equity goals, it cannot be assumed that citizenship teachers more generally will have the requisite philosophies and knowledge necessary to do so. 相似文献
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12.
In order to investigate what issues might be important for experimental training research, a group of experienced remedial
teachers was asked to evaluate the potential effectiveness of various spelling exercises. After addressing some general questions
about spelling exercises for Dutch poor spellers, they made rankings of several sets of exercises on the basis of the expected
effectiveness. The teachers had to give their responses based on their own experiences and with a specific child with poor
spelling in mind. The results show that the teachers emphasize the importance of providing rules in spelling exercises, but
also agree that poor spellers often have serious difficulties in applying these rules in spelling. Furthermore, the rankings
show that exercises with a combination of rule-based strategies and showing the whole orthographic pattern of the word are
considered to be most effective. Learning to memorize the word without showing the spelling of the word was considered to
be the least effective. Surprisingly, individual characteristics of the children did not seem to have any influence on the
ranking of the exercises. It is concluded that exploiting the experience and knowledge of teachers may be good, but is only
the first step for further research on the effectiveness of exercises for poor spellers. 相似文献
13.
Anita Eriksson 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2017,40(1):76-90
The use of mentoring group conversations as a tool to support pre-service teachers’ professional development has become more common. However, there is still a lack of research that shows how conversations are used to develop knowledge. The present paper is based on ethnographical observations of mentoring group conversations, and describes how pre-service teachers who participate in an obligatory mentoring model use their conversations as an arena in their search for professional knowledge. Three areas were focused upon during the conversations: the teachers’ role and teaching practice, conditions for professional development and conditions related to the profession. The pre-service teachers mainly used conversations to question, discuss, share and reflect over pedagogical and didactical dilemmas related to teaching activities in the classroom and to their own as well as other teachers’ behaviour and attitudes in different situations. The paper provides an insight into how a mentoring model can contribute to professional preparation. 相似文献
14.
Aytekin Cokelez 《Research in Science Education》2012,42(4):673-686
The concept of the atom is one of the building blocks of science education. Although the concept is a foundation for students?? subsequent learning experiences, it is difficult for students to comprehend because of common misconceptions and its abstractness. The purpose of this study is to examine junior high school students?? (ages 12?C13) ideas about the shape and size of the atom and the evolution of these ideas over 2?years. The study??s sample size was 126 students, including 76 sixth-grade and 50 seventh-grade students. The educational curriculum and relevant literature guided the development of a questionnaire that consisted of three open-ended questions intended to determine students?? knowledge of the structure and physical properties of the atom. After administering the questionnaire, collected data were analysed qualitatively. The study shows that students had difficulty developing a mental image of the atom, and contrary to the conclusions of other studies, students demonstrated a preference for working with complex and abstract models. 相似文献
15.
Shannon L. Russell Kathryn R. Wentzel Alice E. Donlan 《Learning Environments Research》2016,19(2):241-266
In this study, we examined teachers’ beliefs concerning the meaning and nature of teacher–student trust in a diverse sample of secondary-school teachers (n = 34). Using a grounded-theory approach, a process model of teacher–adolescent trust emerged based on semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Antecedents of trust could be categorised as a function of student ecology (e.g. home environment) and teacher and student actions, including: demonstrating care, being consistent and reliable, making personal connections and engaging in helpful behaviour. Other teacher actions included drawing upon personal resources such as efficacy, social roles and available instructional approaches. Unique student actions highlighted the importance that teachers place on compliance with social norms and honest, responsible behaviour. Perceived benefits of trust reflected changes in: classroom climate, quality of social interactions, available teaching methods and positive student behaviours. Finally, teachers discussed ways in which trust evolved over time. Model processes and new hypotheses generated by the model are discussed in the light of current literature on adult–child relationships and trust in schools. 相似文献
16.
What’s all the fuss about gestures? A commentary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anna Sfard 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2009,70(2):191-200
While reading the articles assembled in this volume, one cannot help asking Why gestures? What’s all the fuss about them? In the last few years, the fuss is, indeed, considerable, and not just here, in this special issue, but also in research on learning and teaching at large. What changed? After all, gestures have been around ever since the birth of humanity, if not much longer, but until recently, not many students of human cognition seemed to care. In this commentary, while reporting on what I saw while scrutinizing this volume for an answer, I will share some thoughts on the relationship between gesturing and speaking and about their relative roles in mathematical thinking. 相似文献
17.
The present study explores Greek primary school teachers’ perceptions and views on pupil diversity in the classroom environment. A large-scale survey was carried out in order to examine teachers’ perceptions about pupil diversity and to identify personal and/or educational characteristics that can influence or predict these perceptions. The outcomes of the study reveal that Greek primary school teachers view diversity as a challenge more than as a barrier in teaching and learning, they can recognise at a high level the key elements of differentiated instruction as part of managing pupil diversity in their class and hold a negative-to-neutral stance on traditional curriculum implementation practices. The most influential factors and predictors of these perceptions and views are also presented and discussed. 相似文献
18.
吴光云 《中学生英语读写(高中版)》2002,(6)
We are all busy talking about and use the Internet 1.__which set up in the 1960s.At first.the Internet was 2.__only used by the government,but in the early 1970s, 3.__the universities,hospitals and banks were allowed to use 4.__them too.However,computers were still very expensive 5.__and the Intemet was difficulty to use.By the start of 6.__ 相似文献
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20.
语言现象是纷繁复杂的,在表达上,哪怕是一点儿细微的差别,实际含义都会大不相同。例如英语中就有许多较为固定的词组在形式上既可以带上又可以省去形容词性的物主代词(如:take place与take one’s place),它们在意义上却大相径庭,差别迥异。如果不弄清楚它们之间的区别,对我们理解和翻译都会带来困扰。笔者就平时常用的一些词组列举几例,同学们应在平时学习时多加注意。 相似文献