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1.
Richard E. Mayer 《Educational Psychology Review》2017,29(4):835-846
This paper explores the potential of neuroscience for improving educational practice by describing the perspective of educational psychology as a linking science; providing historical context showing educational psychology’s 100-year search for an educationally relevant neuroscience; offering a conceptual framework for the connections among neuroscience, cognitive science, educational psychology, and educational practice; and laying out a research agenda for the emerging field of educational neuroscience. 相似文献
2.
认知神经科学通过将脑成像技术和认知心理学的实验范式结合起来,探索人类的行为的深层机制.大脑作为学习的主要器官,是认识神经科学的主要研究对象.认知神经科学关注学习所激活的脑区、神经回路以及激活的时程,从神经活动的层面上阐述学习的机制.大脑学习机制的阐明可以帮助教育工作者改进教学方法,为教育学奠定科学的基础.认知神经科学还... 相似文献
3.
发展认知神经科学及其对当代教育的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Qin Jinliang Director professor Ph.D. at Hangzhou Preschool Teacher Educational College of Zhejiang Normal University 《教育研究》2008,(7)
发展认知神经科学是认知科学、神经科学、人类发展科学的重要交叉学科,是儿童发展研究新的增长点。成熟理论、技能学习理论、交互式特化作用理论是发展认知神经科学目前已形成的三大理论。发展认知神经科学关于神经高级功能的可塑性研究,为终身教育提供了科学依据;关于神经发育的研究,为早期教育提供了科学依据;对神经发育异常的研究,为特殊教育以及神经康复提供了科学依据。 相似文献
4.
Richard E. Mayer 《Educational Psychology Review》1998,10(4):389-396
Byrnes and Fox (1998) present the case for the relevance of cognitive neuroscience in educational psychology, including both logical and empirical arguments. In this commentary, I begin by briefly reviewing the history of the case for including the brain in educational psychology: Early educational psychology—as reflected in Thorndike's (1926) educational psychology textbook—emphasized the neuronal basis of learning; contemporary educational psychology—as reflected in educational publications—tends to ignore the brain; and future educational psychology will need to overcome the pitfalls encountered in previous misuses of brain research. Next, I examine two logical arguments for Byrnes and Fox's case, namely, that including cognitive neuroscience research makes educational psychology more complete and more plausible. Then, I examine the empirical argument of Byrnes and Fox by focusing on the value of cognitive neuroscience research in attention and memory as well as in reading and arithmetic. Finally, I suggest criteria for evaluating the contributions of cognitive neuroscience research in educational psychology, including the need for research on educationally relevant tasks and issues. 相似文献
5.
Principles of evolutionary educational psychology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Evolutionary educational psychology is the study of the relation between evolved systems of folk knowledge and inferential and attributional biases as these relate to academic learning in modern society. Following discussion and illustration of the mechanisms of natural selection and their application to human motivational, cognitive, and behavioral evolution, the basic premises and principles of evolutionary educational psychology are outlined. The gist is that the evolved cognitive systems and inferential biases that define folk knowledge are not sufficient for academic learning, but, at the same time, are the foundation from which academic competencies are built. A theoretical frame outlining the relation between folk knowledge and academic development is proposed and implications for motivational issues and instructional practices are detailed. 相似文献
6.
7.
The Educational Relevance of Research in Cognitive Neuroscience 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The benefits of incorporating findings from cognitive neuroscience into the field of educational psychology are considered. The first section begins with arguments against the idea that one can ignore the brain when positing a model of student learning or motivation. The second section describes limitations in the methods used to reveal brain-cognition relations. In the third section, properties of the brain and brain development are described. The fourth section summarizes the cognitive neuroscientific research on attention, memory, reading, and math. Finally, areas of future research in cognitive neuroscience are suggested that would help answer important questions about individual and developmental differences in student learning. 相似文献
8.
Mayer多媒体学习的认知理论模型涉及感觉记忆、工作记忆、长时记忆三大基本部件和五大认知加工过程,但其科学基础仍有待深入考察。认知神经科学对感觉记忆、工作记忆和长时记忆的探索成果为多媒体学习认知理论奠定了更为深层的科学基础。认知神经科学认为,感觉记忆中的视觉记忆和声觉记忆在信息存储量、表征与编码、保持时间等方面存在互补,为多媒体学习认知理论中＂双重通道假设＂提供了更深层次的科学基础。工作记忆是多媒体学习认知加工过程的主要处理单元,认知神经科学基于脑成像技术提出的工作记忆加工成分结构及其功能定位模型和语音短时记忆功能模型,揭示了工作记忆中的信息处理机制,进一步推进了对工作记忆的基础研究。认知神经科学将长时记忆分为陈述性记忆和程序性记忆,长时记忆中信息存储的层次网络模型、激活扩散模型、集理论模型等更深入地推进了多媒体学习认知加工过程的科学基础。德国心理学家Schnotz从描述性表征和描绘性表征两个方面提出了多媒体学习＂图文理解整合模型＂（ITPC）,这一模型揭示了图文理解的过程机制,是当前多媒体学习认知理论模型的最新发展成果。 相似文献
9.
Chia-Ju Liu Wen-Wei Chiang 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2014,12(3):629-646
This report provides an overview of neuroscience research that is applicable for science educators. It first offers a brief analysis of empirical studies in educational neuroscience literature, followed by six science concept learning constructs based on the whole brain theory: gaining an understanding of brain function; pattern recognition and consciousness; mind maps, mnemonics and other learning devices; concrete multisensory experience; higher-order creative reasoning via a multimedia-infused environment and positive emotion in educational settings. It is vital to the future of results-based education that discoveries regarding the cognitive learning process are taken into consideration when designing instruction. This research offers science educators neuroscience-backed information as a foundation to develop results-oriented curricula and teaching methods. Future research could further extend an empirically driven education system. 相似文献
10.
《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(3):287-308
AbstractA central theoretical issue in evolutionary developmental psychology concerns the relation between evolved systems of folk knowledge and academic learning in modern schools. A model for conceptualizing motivational biases, cognitive competencies (e.g., language), and children's inherent developmental activities that compose these systems of folk knowledge is presented. Implications for children's learning of culture-specific academic competencies, such as reading, and associated motivational and instructional issues are then discussed. The thesis is that the motivational, cognitive, and developmental systems that compose folk knowledge are not sufficient for academic learning, but are the foundation from which academic competencies are built. Implications for educational theory and research are profound 相似文献
11.
社会认知神经科学关于自我与他人共享表征观研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赵晶 《浙江教育学院学报》2008,(1):52-59
社会认知神经科学关于自我与他人的共享袁征观建立在认知心理学、社会心理学、发展心理学以及认知神经科学的基础上。目前的研究阐述了人们如何对自我和他人进行区分和辨别,如何协调和对比自我及他人的袁征,同时解释区分自我和他人社会性表征的脑神经机制。 相似文献
12.
Recent advances in research have furthered understanding of the many roles that emotions play in fostering effective learning.
This editorial argues, against fashion, that the affective domain is neither separate from nor less significant in the learning
process than the cognitive domain. It begins with a vignette of a struggling reader. It then defines emotions and explains
their role in learning, using cognitive psychology and neuroscience as the research base. Next, it examines the influence
of the affective domain on learning to interpret symbols. The editorial concludes with an analysis of reading anxiety and
recommendations for practice. 相似文献
13.
Dr Tony Fetherston 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):370-370
This paper proposes that Kelly's Personal Construct Psychology deserves examination as a constructivist basis for science
teaching and learning. It argues that because of the explicit nature of the psychology, the clear definition of learning and
meaning and the integration of affective, psychomotor and cognitive dimensions of learning, the psychology has much to offer
science education. 相似文献
14.
本文介绍了作者对过去30年在线学习研究的研究进展。研究如何设计在线教学是将学习科学应用于教育的一个案例。在线教学设计研究有助于发展学习科学(如认知负荷理论、多媒体学习的认知理论,以及学习的元认知、动机和情感的综合),教学科学(如有研究证据的教学设计原理不断发展)和评估科学(如多侧面的迁移测试,同时辅以保持测试和自我调查报告,学习过程中的日志文件数据,以及学习认知过程中的认知神经科学测量等)。文中反复提到的观点:学习有赖于运用教学方法,而不是单凭教学媒体就能够奏效的,在线教学设计研究应该关注数字化学习环境的特性;教学实践应建立在严谨、系统的研究基础上,包括旨在确定在线教学中有效成分的增值实验;在线学习研究应确定教学技术最有效的边界条件;在线学习研究应该起到检验和发展学习理论的作用。 相似文献
15.
社会认知神经科学是社会心理学与认知神经科学相结合的跨学科研究领域,旨在对社会心理现象在神经、认知和社会三个水平实现整合性研究。当前的研究主要集中于刻板印象、态度与态度改变、他人知觉、自我认知以及情绪与认知交互作用等传统社会心理学的范畴上面,主要范式是应用认知神经科学的方法来验证社会心理学在这些范畴上的各种不同理论观点,并在某些方面取得了突破性进展,但仍存在着广泛的发展空间。未来的研究应采用整合性研究与分离性研究相结合、自下而上与自上而下相结合的研究思路,这有助于建立心理学统一的研究范式。 相似文献
16.
学习现象的复杂性和学习研究的跨学科性决定了设计研究的多重性,其研究的理论宽度可以扩展到发展心理学、认知科学、文化心理学和文化人类学等多学科的宽广视域并可在多理论间穿行整合,因而建立单一模式来描述设计研究是不明智的。学习科学所进行的设计研究其核心目标在于跨越模式界限,促进持续的教育革新,最终走向多领域协同一致的学习研究,实现对学习在理论与实践上的更富生力的理解与革新。 相似文献
17.
ABSTRACT: Writing can enhance learning by helping students put words to their thinking about course material. The purposes of this study were to assess the influence of a structured academic journal writing exercise on student learning in a food science class and to examine student responses to the experience. Hermeneutics, a philosophy of science and qualitative research method, was used to analyze journal data from 48 participating students during a 2-y period and involved 3 steps: (1) describing themes taken from a global reading of student commentaries, (2) reducing or relating themes to specific, verbatim statements found in student writings, and (3) interpreting or imposing meaning on the themes and the statements (Lanigan 1988). Hermeneutic analysis showed that journal writing was difficult at first but became easier and enjoyable over time, allowed students to relate course content to other knowledge, exposed students to course material multiple times allowing for better information retention, enhanced student understanding, helped students think critically, required students to prepare for class, gave students the opportunity to express opinions, and allowed students to experience writing as enjoyable and positive. Several minor themes suggested that most students found the experience useful to their learning. Findings from this study are consistent with neuroscience and cognitive psychology theories regarding learning and the development of reasoning skills. 相似文献
18.
多媒体学习的科学探索——Richard E. Mayer学术思想研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
理查德·梅耶是国际著名的教育心理学家。文章回顾了他的学术生涯和贡献,评述了其在多媒体学习认知理论和多媒体信息设计等方面的创新研究和主要贡献,分析了其学术思想的局限,最后阐述了他的学术研究对中国教育技术研究的特殊意义。 相似文献
19.
Jodi Tommerdahl 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(1):97-109
As the brain sciences make advances in our understanding of how the human brain functions, many educators are looking to findings from the neurosciences to inform classroom teaching methodologies. This paper takes the view that the neurosciences are an excellent source of knowledge regarding learning processes, but also provides a warning regarding the idea that findings from the laboratory can be directly transposed into the classroom. The article proposes a model of five levels which describe different types of knowledge that must all contribute to new teaching methodologies. These include the levels of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, psychology, educational theory and testing, and finally the classroom. 相似文献
20.
Paul Howard‐Jones Skevi Demetriou Rafal Bogacz Jee H. Yoo Ute Leonards 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2011,5(1):33-41
Reinforcement learning involves a tight coupling of reward‐associated behavior and a type of learning that is very different from that promoted by education. However, the emerging understanding of its underlying processes may help derive principles for effective learning games that have, until now, been elusive. This article first reviews findings from cognitive neuroscience and psychology to provide insight into the motivating role of uncertain reward in games, including educational games. Then, a short experiment is reported to illustrate the potential of reward‐based neurocomputational models of behavior in the understanding and development of effective learning games. In this study, a reward‐based model of behavior is shown to predict recall of newly learned information during a simple learning game. 相似文献