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1.
本次实验以涿州地区猪场的断奶后仔猪(15kg左右)、生长期仔猪(30kg左右)和育肥猪(60kg左右)为对象,实验不同生长阶段猪日粮中添加不同量的赖氨酸对其生产性能的影响。对实验结果进行分析发现,在不同生长阶段猪低蛋白日粮中添加不同量赖氨酸对猪的日增重、料重比的影响不同。断奶后仔猪日粮中蛋白质含量降低2%,对日增重和料重比有明显影响。生长期仔猪和育肥猪日粮中蛋白质含量分别比标准降低2%,同时添加适量的必须氨基酸,对猪的生产性能没有不利影响,如果低蛋白日粮中赖氨酸添加量不足,则会明显影响日增重和料重比。 相似文献
2.
刺五加提取物对断奶仔猪氨基酸消化吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用体重相近的21日龄断奶的三元杂交仔猪60头，按完全区组设计分为3个处理，处理1饲喂添加0.10%刺五加提取物日粮，处理2饲喂添加0.02％硫酸粘杆菌素日粮，处理3饲喂基础日粮. 分别于添加后第7、14和28 d每个处理随机取5头试猪，前腔静脉采血，测定血清游离氨基酸含量；采血后的试猪经麻醉处死，取回肠末端食糜测定其中的氨基酸含量. 结果表明，随着饲喂时间的延长，刺五加提取物显著提高仔猪血清中游离氨基酸的含量，降低回肠食糜中氨基酸的含量. 提示刺五加提取物可促进断奶仔猪对蛋白质的消化，增加小肠对氨基酸的吸收，有助于仔猪的生长. 相似文献
3.
中草药对仔猪生长性能和血清生化参数的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
试验选用21日龄断奶的三元杂交（杜洛克×长白×大约克）仔猪60头，按完全区组设计分为3组，处理1饲喂添加0.2%中草药复方添加剂日粮，处理2饲喂添加0.02％硫酸粘杆菌素日粮，处理3饲喂基础日粮。饲喂一定时间后考察仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数、血清生化参数和器官指数等指标的变化。结果表明，中草药复方添加剂能提高仔猪ADG，降低F/G(P<0.05)，防治断奶仔猪腹泻效果强于硫酸粘杆菌素（P<0.05）；该添加剂还能提高血清TP, ALB和TCHO含量以及GOT, GPT, AMY和LPS活性，降低GLU和TG含量以及CK活性。上述结果提示，本试验所用中草药复方添加剂能够缓解仔猪断奶应激，增强机体抵抗力，促进生长。 相似文献
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5.
试验在蛋鸡、仔猪、奶牛三类动物日粮中添加复合酶进行空白对比,了解饲用复合酶对蛋鸡、仔猪、奶牛生长性能的影响。 相似文献
6.
采用PCR-DGGE方法,研究添加0.25%林肯霉素及0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的半乳甘露寡糖(GMOS)对断奶仔猪肠道微生物多样性的影响.结果表明,结肠微生物DNA电泳条带的数量明显多于回肠中的数量;断奶后0 d的回肠条带数量多于断奶后14 d的数量,但两者间结肠微生物种类差异不大.唾液乳酸杆菌、瘤胃球菌和大肠杆菌为仔猪回肠共有菌;而金色葡萄球菌、唾液乳酸杆菌、瘤胃球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌是结肠的共有菌.由相似性分析可见,各日粮处理间电泳带谱之间相似性较低,除了对照组和0.2%GMOS组断奶仔猪回肠微生物各带谱间存在80%的相似性外,其他各组的回肠微生物各谱带间的相似性大部分在20%~50%之间.这表明饲喂不同日粮的断奶仔猪,其肠道相同微生物种群数量相同者较少,各自特有的微生物种群数量较多. 相似文献
7.
采用单因子随机分组设计,以真可消化磷(TdP)为指标,配制了5种生长猪试验日粮,并使其总钙与TdP的比例为2∶1.通过对生长性能和血清生化指标等的评定,对TdP需要量进行了初步研究.结果为:(1)得出生长猪平均日增重(ADG)随日粮TdP变化的多元方程;(2)拟合出了料肉比(F/G)随日粮TdP含量变化的多元方程;(3)根据血清无机磷浓度与日粮TdP含量的关系,也拟出了多元方程;(4)血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性随着日粮TdP含量的升高呈下降趋势(P>0·05);(5)血清钙浓度基本不受日粮真可消化磷含量的影响.血清钙浓度随日粮钙含量的变化趋势,与血清无机磷随日粮TdP含量变化的趋势相似,且各组之间差异不显著(P>0·05).由此,本研究推荐生长猪真可消化磷的需要量为0·34%,相应地,总钙的需要量为0·68%. 相似文献
8.
乳酸处理麦麸对蛋鸡生产性能影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将 1 44只黄金褐 2 5周龄蛋鸡随机分为 4组 ,对照组日粮中添加未经乳酸处理的麦麸 ,试验1组、试验 2组和试验 3组日粮中分别添加乳酸处理麦麸 3%、7%和 1 0 %。饲养试验结果表明 :各试验组和对照组在采食量和蛋重方面差异不显著 ( P>0 .0 5 )。试验 1组和试验 2组在破蛋率、死淘率、料蛋比方面都比对照组低 ,但产蛋率差异不显著 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ;试验 3组与对照组、试验 1组、2组在料蛋比、破蛋率和产蛋率上存在着显著差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )。代谢试验结果表明 :粗蛋白质和钙磷代谢率随着乳酸处理麦麸在日粮中的添加比例增高 ,呈明显下降趋势 ;而粗脂肪、粗纤维代谢率呈上升趋势。 相似文献
9.
将48头育肥猪(杜×长×大)随机分为2组,每组3个重复,在同一玉米-豆粕型基础日粮中分别添加0.1%半乳甘露寡糖和50mg/kg金霉素,进行了46d的对比试验.饲养试验结束后从两个处理的每个重复分别选择1头阉公猪屠宰,结果表明(1)生长性能:基础日粮添加0.1%GMOS与添加50mg/kg CTC相比较,平均日增重提高10.2%(P＜0.05),平均日采食量降低25.2%(P＜0.01),料肉比下降13.2%(P＜0.01);(2)屠宰性能:基础日粮添加0.1%的GMOS与添加50mg/kg的CTC相比较,背膘厚下降了15.6%,皮厚下降了11.5%,瘦肉率提高了2.94%,但经统计分析,差异均不显著(P＞0.05);(3)血清生化指标:与添加50mg/kg的CTC相比,基础日粮添加0.1%的GMOS可使育肥猪血清中的血糖水平升高120%(P＜0.05),胆固醇水平下降3.86%(P＞0.05),甘油三脂水平下降42.6%(P＞0.05);(4)猪肉品质:与添加50mg/kg的金霉素相比,基础日粮添加0.1%的GMOS可显著降低肉中吲哚的含量(P＜0.05),对其他肉质指标无显著影响. 相似文献
10.
高锌对断奶仔猪有促生长作用。就动物对高锌吸收的调节机制,国内外学者对断奶仔猪日粮中高锌的适宜添加量、添加时间的最新研究进展,高锌与抗生素的加和作用,以及高锌促生长的可能的作用机理做一综述。 相似文献
11.
《Electronic Journal of Biotechnology》2014,17(3):137-147
BackgroundADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the first step in the starch biosynthesis pathway in higher plants. To date, there are no reported variants or isoforms of the AGPase enzyme in bananas (Musa spp. family Musaceae) as is the case of other plants. In this study, genomic DNA sequences homologous to the gene encoding one of the large subunits of the enzyme were amplified from 10 accessions of the genus Musa, including representatives of wild ancestors (AA and BB genomes), dessert bananas (AA, AAA, AB and AAB genomes), plantains (AAB genome) and cooking bananas (ABB and AAA genomes), and studied in order to find single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) base variations in Musa accessions.ResultsIn the 810-base pair amplicons of the AGPase large sub-unit (LSU) gene analyzed in ten Musa accessions, a total of 36 SNPs and insertions/deletions (indels) were found. The phylogenetic analysis revealed fifteen distinct haplotypes, which were grouped into four variants. Deep examination of SNPs in the 2nd exon in the LSU of AGPase showed that at seven locations, five SNPs altered their amino acid sequence.ConclusionsThis work reveals the possible number of AGPase enzyme isoforms and their molecular levels in banana. Molecular markers could be designed from SNPs present in these banana accessions. This information could be useful for the development of SNP-based molecular markers for Musa germplasm, and alteration of the allosteric properties of AGPase to increase the starch content and manipulate the starch quality of banana fruits. 相似文献
12.
随着食物生产及消费系统的变革,可持续的食物消费已成为全球关注的焦点议题。1978—2017年中国人均食物消费结构发生显著变化,导致人均食物消费的水资源消耗量、耕地资源需求量和温室气体排放量均呈增加趋势。因此,本文利用多目标规划方法,在满足膳食营养需求的基础上,探讨经济及资源环境成本最小的食物消费结构。研究结果表明：①在仅考虑热量、蛋白质及脂肪等宏量营养素约束时,得到的食物消费结构较为单一,而加入微量营养素约束时,食物结构多样性显著增加,但食物消费比例仍需优化;在营养组成和食物结构双重约束下所得的食物类别及消费量均趋于合理。②优化的食物消费结构与中国当前消费相比,畜禽肉类在热量和蛋白质供给中的比重显著下降,豆与坚果类和奶类在蛋白质供给中的比重增加。③与中国当前及其他典型食物消费结构相比,优化的食物消费结构在满足营养的基础上,经济及资源环境成本均较低,表明该优化结构满足可持续食物消费的目标。④优化的食物消费结构将使中国人均食物消费的水资源消耗量、耕地资源消耗量、温室气体排放量将分别减少312.2 m3/年、256.0 m2/年、425.1 kg/年。中国的现状是农业资源日益稀缺,通过倡导合理的膳食结构,不仅能够有效减轻资源环境压力,而且对食物消费引发的各类健康隐患具有改善意义。 相似文献
13.
BackgroundCellulose as a potential feed resource hinders its utilization because of its complex structure, and cellulase is the key to its biological effective utilization. Animal endogenous probiotics are more susceptible to colonization in the intestinal tract, and their digestive enzymes are more conducive to the digestion and absorption of feed in young animals. Min pigs are potential sources of cellulase probiotics because of the high proportion of dietary fiber in their feed. In this study, the cellulolytic bacteria in the feces of Min pigs were isolated and screened. The characteristics of enzymes and cellulase production were studied, which provided a theoretical basis for the rational utilization of cellulase and high-fiber food in animal production.ResultsIn our study, 10 strains of cellulase producing strains were isolated from Min pig manure, among which the M2 strain had the best enzyme producing ability and was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The optimum production conditions of cellulase from strain M2 were: 2% inoculum, the temperature of 35°C, the pH of 5.0, and the liquid loading volume of 50 mL. The optimum temperature, pH and time for the reaction of cellulase produced by strain M2 were 55°C, 4.5 and 5 min, respectively.ConclusionsMin pigs can be used as a source of cellulase producing strains. The M2 strain isolated from feces was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The cellulase from M2 strain had a good activity and the potential to be used as feed additive for piglets.How to cite: Li F, Xie Y, Gao X, et al. Screening of cellulose degradation bacteria from Min Pigs and optimization of its cellulase production. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.001 相似文献
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Nicoleta Ionescu Caterina de Freitas Allain A. Bueno 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(4):361-367
Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic acids (AA) are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), major components of brain tissue and neural systems, and the precursors of a number of biologically active metabolites with functions in inflammation resolution, neuroprotection and other actions. As PUFAs are highly susceptible to peroxidation, we hypothesised whether cigarette smokers would present altered PUFAs levels in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids. Adult males from Indian, Sri-Lankan or Bangladeshi genetic backgrounds who reported smoking between 20 and 60 cigarettes per week were recruited. The control group consisted of matched non-smokers. A blood sample was taken, plasma and erythrocyte total lipids were extracted, phospholipids were separated by thin layer chromatography, and the fatty acid content analysed by gas chromatography. In smokers, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, the AA precursor, was significantly reduced in plasma and erythrocyte phosphatidylcholine. AA and DHA were significantly reduced in erythrocyte sphingomyelin. Relatively short term smoking has affected the fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids with functions in neural tissue composition, cell signalling, cell growth, intracellular trafficking, neuroprotection and inflammation, in a relatively young population. As lipid peroxidation is pivotal in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease, early effects of smoking may be relevant for the development of such conditions. 相似文献
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随着收入的持续增长和城镇化的快速推进,中国居民的膳食结构不断发生变化,整体向增加高耗水的动物性食物消费趋势转变,不断加剧中国本已稀缺的水资源的压力。本文基于水足迹理论,利用城乡居民人均食物消费量和单位重量食物虚拟水含量数据,首先测算了城乡居民实际食物消费模式（S1）与膳食指南推荐的平衡膳食模式（S2）下的食物消费水足迹,比较分析两种膳食结构水足迹的构成和变化特征;然后基于两种膳食模式（S1、S2）和两种人口规模（2018年、2030年）构建了4种情境,估算未来人口规模和膳食结构变化下的城乡居民食物消费水足迹。结果表明：①1985—2018年,中国城乡居民人均食物消费水足迹均呈上升趋势,具体表现为人均植物性食物耗水量的减少和动物性食物耗水量的增加;②人口规模和膳食结构是食物消费水足迹变化的主要驱动因素,实现平衡膳食模式的膳食结构对食物消费水足迹变化的作用超过人口规模;③营养均衡目标下膳食结构变化将导致城镇居民食物消费水足迹增加1094.9亿m3,农村居民食物消费水足迹增加907.1亿m3;人口规模变化将导致城镇居民食物消费水足迹增加929.4亿m3,农村居民食物消费水足迹减少615.4亿m3,两个因素的共同作用将导致城镇居民食物消费水足迹总量增加2024.3亿m3,农村居民食物消费水足迹总量增加291.7亿m3,食物生产水资源的短缺局面进一步加剧。本文为未来通过调整食物消费结构途径降低食物生产水资源消耗提供了初步的研究视角,同时对引导中国城乡居民均衡营养饮食具有重要意义。 相似文献
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旨在研究大米糖浆取代乳糖后对早期断奶仔猪血液生化及激素指标的影响。方法是采用7d断奶的二元杂交仔猪（长白×大白）32头,随机分为2个处理组,每组16头,每组设16个重复,每个重复1只。日粮成分除乳糖水平外（对照组和处理组分别为43.5%和0%）,其他成分均一致。试验期14d,分别于试验第7天和第14天每组随机抽取5头,颈静脉采血制备血清。结果表明,14d处理组的胆固醇显著低于对照组（p<0.05）,而在21d对照组与处理组间差异不显著（p>0.44）。14d和21d对照组血清总蛋白、总甘油三酯、尿素氮及胰岛素与处理组间差异均不显著（p>0.05）。14d对照组与处理组间血清胃泌素水平差异不显著（p>0.05）,21d对照组血清胃泌素水平显著高于处理组（p<0.05）。14d对照组T3水平显著高于处理组（p<0.05）,21d T3水平对照组与处理组间差异均不显著（p>0.05）。14d对照组血清T4水平比处理组高,但差异不显著（p>0.05）,21d对照组血清T4水平极显著高于处理组（p<0.01）。综合分析认为,乳糖具有促进早期断奶仔猪肠道吸收胆固醇的作用,但对早期断奶仔猪的脂肪和蛋白质代谢没有影响,此外胃可能不是早期断奶仔猪消化乳糖的主要部位,低乳糖水平及大米糖浆具有降低胃PH的作用。 相似文献
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BackgroundBioremoval of phenolic compounds using fungi and bacteria has been studied extensively; nevertheless, trinitrophenol bioremediation using modified Oscillatoria cyanobacteria has been barely studied in the literature.ResultsAmong the effective parameters of bioremediation, algal concentration (3.18 g·L−1), trinitrophenol concentration (1301 mg·L−1), and reaction time (3.75 d) were screened by statistical analysis. Oscillatoria cyanobacteria were modified by starch/nZVI and starch/graphene oxide in a bubble column bioreactor, and their bioremoval efficiency was investigated. Modifiers, namely, starch/zero-valent iron and starch/GO, increased trinitrophenol bioremoval efficiency by more than 10% and 12%, respectively, as compared to the use of Oscillatoria cyanobacteria alone.ConclusionsIt was found that starch/nano zero-valent iron and starch/GO could be applied to improve the removal rate of phenolic compounds from the aqueous solution.How to cite: Bavandi R, Emtyazjoo M, Saravi HN, et al. Study of nano-structure zero-valent iron and graphene-oxid capability onbioremoval of trinitrophenol from wastewater in a bubble column bioreactor. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.02.003. 相似文献
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文章采用混凝技术提取木薯黄浆废水中的植物蛋白质物质,实验通过选取最佳的混凝剂和助凝剂种类及其最佳用量,并研究p H、沉淀时间对混凝效果的影响,为木薯黄浆废水的资源化利用提供科学依据。单因素实验结果表明:分别以1%的PAC、1%的氯化铁和1%的改性玉米淀粉处理木薯黄浆废水,三种絮凝剂的最佳投加量分别为0.133g/L、0.133g/L和0.05g/L,最佳絮凝p H分别为9、2和8,三种絮凝剂的沉淀时间均大于15min时处理效果较佳,此时木薯黄浆淀粉废水的浊度去除率均到达80%以上,COD去除率达到50%。复配实验结果表明:PAC与PAM的复配投加后,PAC投加量为0.02g/L,PAM投加量为0.002g/L,浊度去除率从80%左右上升至98.2%,COD去除率上升至51.8%,复配絮凝剂相比单一絮凝剂提取植物蛋白效果更好。 相似文献
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近年来,淀粉制品产业能够带动农业发展,属朝阳产业。人们对淀粉及淀粉制品的需求也日益增长,同时对淀粉制品的质量问题也更为关注。本文通过对杭州市场上的淀粉及淀粉制品近四年的跟踪调研,并根据相关的检测数据对淀粉制品质量状况做了一个较为全面的比较分析。 相似文献