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1.
This study explores reader, word, and learning activity characteristics related to vocabulary learning for 202 fifth and sixth graders (N = 118 and 84, respectively) learning 16 words. Three measures of word knowledge were used: multiple-choice definition knowledge, self-report of meaning knowledge, and production of morphologically related words. Results indicate that significant vocabulary learning occurred on each measure and that certain words were easier to learn for certain types of readers. Controlling for other predictors in the model, reader characteristics like morphological awareness, reading comprehension, and language background were significant predictors of vocabulary learning, but not word reading fluency. Also, word characteristics like morphological family size and opaqueness were significant predictors of word difficulty but not number of morphemes or frequency of the word or root-word or affix. Controlling for other predictors in the model, morphological learning activities supported vocabulary learning for all 3 aspects of word knowledge. Implications for theory and instruction are discussed. 相似文献
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Hua-Chen Wang Lyndsey Nickels Kate Nation Anne Castles 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(5):369-384
The aim of this study was to explore the reading and language skills that are associated with orthographic learning and to examine whether the effects of these factors are influenced by word regularity. Grade 2 and 3 children learned the phonology and meaning of novel words and were subsequently exposed to their orthography, with either regular or irregular mappings. At the participant level, phonological decoding skill, orthographic knowledge, and vocabulary knowledge were associated with orthographic learning for both word types. However, at an item level, reading novel words correctly did not directly relate to the successful acquisition of the representations of those novel words. In addition, item-specific vocabulary knowledge was a predictor of success in orthographic learning, but only for irregular words. The findings are discussed in relation to the self-teaching hypothesis (Share, 1995). 相似文献
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《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(4):490-529
AbstractA two-cohort cluster-randomized trial was conducted to estimate effects of small-group supplemental vocabulary instruction for at-risk kindergarten English learners (ELs). Connections students received explicit instruction in high-frequency decodable root words, and interactive book reading (IBR) students were taught the same words in a storybook reading context. A total of 324 EL students representing 24 home languages and averaging in the 10th percentile in receptive vocabulary completed the study (Connections n = 163 in 75 small groups; IBR n = 161 in 72 IBR small groups). Although small groups in both conditions made significant immediate gains across all measures, Connections students made significantly greater gains in reading vocabulary and decoding (d =.64 and.45, respectively). At first-grade follow-up, longer-term gains were again greater for Connections students, but with smaller effect sizes (d =.29 and.27, respectively). Results indicate that explicit Connections instruction features designed to build semantic, orthographic, and phonological connections for word learning were effective for improving proximal reading vocabulary and general decoding; however, increases in root word reading vocabulary did not transfer to general vocabulary knowledge. 相似文献
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The Effect of Questioning Style During Storybook Reading on Novel Vocabulary Acquisition of Preschoolers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of adult questioning on children’s novel word acquisition during storybook reading were investigated. Three-year-olds were assigned to one of three conditions: vocabulary eliciting questions, noneliciting questions, and no questions (control). General vocabulary comprehension and novel word knowledge were equivalent across the groups before the storybook reading intervention. Children were read 3 storybooks repeatedly across 4 reading sessions and were tested for production and comprehension of novel words in the final session. Children’s novel word comprehension increased more in both question conditions than in the control condition, suggesting that type of question is not as important to word learning as children’s active engagement in discussion about novel words in general. Novel word production was not strongly affected by any of the reading conditions. However, asking children noneliciting questions did appear to foster production of new words more than not asking questions at all. 相似文献
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词汇习得研究已成为第二语言习得研究领域的一个热点,近十多年来,国内外研究者在二语词汇习得方面做了大量的研究,并取得了有价值的成果。通过分析学生在词汇习得中的问题与不足,提出如何提高英语词汇习得效率的策略,并强调词汇习得应经历词汇知识积累的过程,在词汇学习和运用中逐步达到词汇习得。 相似文献
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Brenna Hassinger‐Das Katherine Ridge Amira Parker Roberta Michnick Golinkoff Kathy Hirsh‐Pasek David K. Dickinson 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2016,10(2):71-80
This study moves beyond previous investigations to examine whether an educational intervention combining shared book reading with a vocabulary game increases children's vocabulary knowledge. Four‐year‐olds (N = 44) were randomly assigned to dyads in either an intervention (shared book reading plus vocabulary review game) or comparison condition (shared book reading, after‐reading vocabulary review, and game that did not teach vocabulary). After two 30‐min sessions, results demonstrated that the intervention condition outperformed the comparison condition on measures of receptive and expressive knowledge of taught vocabulary words. Children in the intervention group who scored the lowest at pretest on the receptive measure saw the most gains in taught word knowledge. Findings suggest that combining vocabulary gameplay with shared book reading improved children's learning of the vocabulary words in comparison to a comparison group. 相似文献
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Dan Lin Yingyi Liu Huilin Sun Richard Kwok Shing Wong Susanna Siu-sze Yeung 《Reading and writing》2017,30(1):87-103
The present longitudinal study investigated the role of spelling as a bridge between various reading-related predictors and English word reading in Chinese children learning English as a Second Language (ESL). One hundred and forty-one 5-year-old kindergarten children from Hong Kong, whose first language (L1) was Cantonese and second language (L2) was English, were administered tests of phonological awareness, letter knowledge, English vocabulary, spelling and English word reading at three time points (T1, T2 and T3) at 3-month intervals over a 6-month period. Nonverbal IQ was included as a control variable. The results showed that phonological awareness, letter knowledge and English vocabulary at T1 all predicted English word reading (T3) through spelling (T2). Further mediation analyses showed that, for phonological awareness and English vocabulary, full mediation effects were found. For letter knowledge, a partial mediation effect was observed. These results suggest that, in Chinese ESL kindergarteners, reading-related predictors foster word reading via spelling, a process that intersects phonology, orthography and semantics. Practical implications of these findings were also discussed. 相似文献
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This study investigates the effects of rich explanation, baseline vocabulary, and home reading practices on English language learning (ELL) preschoolers’ sophisticated vocabulary learning from storybook reading. Eighty typically developing preschoolers were pretested in L1 (Portuguese) and L2 (English) receptive vocabulary and were assigned to experimental or control groups. Eight books were selected and paired. Experimental participants heard books read three times over a 3-week period with rich explanations of target vocabulary. Controls heard stories read without explanations. Parents completed questionnaires about the frequency, content, and language of home reading practices. Rich explanation, initial L2 vocabulary, and frequency of home reading make significant contributions to sophisticated word learning from storyreading. Findings have important implications for L2 vocabulary acquisition in ELL preschoolers. 相似文献
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There is reliable evidence that new vocabulary is primarily acquired through wide independent reading. However, struggling readers tend to avoid reading, resulting in limited word encounters and inadequate vocabulary growth, and they often have difficulties inferring the meanings of new words from context. While there are no clear solutions to the problem of vocabulary acquisition for older students with reading difficulties, there are instructional approaches that have some evidence of effectiveness for this population. We describe the research base and promising practices related to three aspects of vocabulary instruction: (1) creating a verbal learning environment that fosters word consciousness, (2) selecting and teaching specific words, and (3) teaching an independent word learning strategy through a combination of contextual and morphemic analysis. These instructional approaches are grounded in overarching principles recognized by researchers as being characteristic of effective instruction for students with learning difficulties, including explicit instruction, promoting cognitive and collaborative engagement, and providing many opportunities for practice, including distributed practice, with teacher feedback. Finally, we discuss the possibilities inherent in a cross‐content schoolwide approach to vocabulary instruction at the secondary level. We conclude with a call for additional research examining the effectiveness of instructional approaches to vocabulary development for secondary school students with reading difficulties, including a schoolwide collaborative model. 相似文献
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在传统的英语教学中，语法和词汇被认为是相互独立的部分，但一些新的理论提出了词的组合模式（句型结构）显示了词汇和语法两者可以进行有益的结合，所有的词都有它的句型结构，且有相同句型结构的词，有相似的词义。学习者在学习中应注意词汇与语法学习的不可分割性，并在学习中注意语言学习的四个重要方面：理解、准确、流畅及灵活性。 相似文献
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kathevine：“无薪实习”越来越成为毕业生中一股被推崇的热潮。求职者的放低心态,聘用公司的理所当然,无形中给两者画上了一个对等号,然而我们却不能一口否定无薪实习的存在。它值不值得去尝试,如何适时退出,这是一个值得深思的问题,接下来的这篇文章或许能带给你些许启示。 相似文献
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词汇附带习得是英语词汇学习的一个重要途径.介绍词汇附带习得的理论研究,分析阅读任务、词频以及学习者自身词汇量的大小及词汇学习方法和策略等因素对词汇附带习得的影响,提出一些教学建议以期提高和促进英语阅读教学. 相似文献
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Effects of a Supplemental Vocabulary Intervention on the Word Knowledge of Kindergarten Students At Risk for Language and Literacy Difficulties 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Susan M. Loftus Michael D. Coyne D. Betsy McCoach Richard Zipoli Paige C. Pullen 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2010,25(3):124-136
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a vocabulary intervention designed to supplement research‐based classroom vocabulary instruction, implemented with students who may be at risk for language and learning difficulties. Participants included 43 kindergarten students who received research‐based classroom vocabulary instruction. Students with the 20 lowest scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test‐III administered at pretest received additional small‐group supplemental vocabulary intervention. Results of within‐subjects comparisons indicated that, overall, at‐risk students made greater gains in word knowledge on target words that received the supplemental intervention as compared to words that received only classroom‐based instruction. In addition, at‐risk students who received the supplemental intervention demonstrated word‐learning gains that approached those of their peers who received classroom instruction alone. Implications along with limitations of the current study and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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Carmen M. P. Damhuis Eliane Segers Femke Scheltinga Ludo Verhoeven 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2016,27(3):441-454
We examined the effects of adaptive word retrieval intervention on a classroom vocabulary program on children’s vocabulary acquisition in kindergarten. In the experimental condition, word retrieval was provided in a classroom vocabulary program, combining implicit and explicit vocabulary instructions. Children performed extra word retrieval activities and received semantic feedback for words they did not learn during the classroom vocabulary program. Eighty-seven children were in the experimental condition, and 115 children were in the classroom vocabulary control condition. Results showed the adaptive word retrieval intervention to stimulate higher learning gains than the classroom vocabulary program on the learning of the target words. Children in the experimental condition also showed transfer effects; they described more words on a standardized expressive vocabulary test than children in the control condition. The research findings suggest additional value of word retrieval with feedback for classroom vocabulary learning. 相似文献
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赵守辉 《暨南大学华文学院学报》2008,(2):22-30
本文考察语言学习中的一个重要组成部分——词汇能力。关于语言学习者的词汇能力,传统上一般以词汇总量为衡量标准。这里我们力图强调可以代表词语能力的其他几个方面,并试图说明,词汇总量实际上只是评估词语能力的一个最直观常用的指标,只有结合其他几个侧面,特别是词语的丰富度和词语的个性（或难度）,多侧面立体看待词汇发展,才能全面准确地了解一个语言学习者在词语方面的发展。本文着重介绍评价国际上比较通行的几种词汇评测手段,希望对我们的对外汉语教学实践有所启迪。 相似文献
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听写既是一种语言测试方法也是一种教学手段.单词听写作为一种传统的教学手段,曾被广泛地运用于我国外语教学中.本研究改良了传统的单词听写任务,通过实证研究求证该任务对大学英语词汇习得的作用.结果表明,复杂式单词听写任务中,学习者的学习过程具有"曲折反复,总体上升"的路径特点,高水平学习者呈现出持续进步趋势,低水平学习者呈阶... 相似文献
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Carmen M. P. Damhuis Eliane Segers Ludo Verhoeven 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3):382-396
We investigated effects of listening to single or multiple storybook readings versus testing with and without feedback on children’s breadth (i.e., the number of words) and depth (i.e., the quality of word knowledge) of vocabulary learning. Kindergartners (n = 125) were divided into 3 intervention and 1 control conditions. Children in the control condition listened once to a storybook reading. In the experimental conditions, the initial storybook reading was followed by (a) repeated storybook reading, (b) repeated testing, or (c) repeated testing with feedback. For breadth of vocabulary, all 3 conditions showed learning gains compared to a single storybook reading, and no “testing effect” was found. For depth of vocabulary, repeated storybook reading and repeated testing with feedback were more effective than the control condition with the former seemingly most effective. Both for breadth and depth of vocabulary, the effects of testing were found to be conditional upon the provision of feedback. 相似文献
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为研究不同等级与不同层面的词汇知识对阅读和写作水平的影响,本研究对136名英语专业一年级的学生进行了阅读、写作及各类词汇测试。词汇测试包括认知性词汇测试、产 出性词汇测试和搭配测试,前两项测试包含2000、4000和6000三个词汇等级,搭配测试仅包含2000 一个等级。相关分析及多元回归分析表明,与 阅读最相关的是搭配2000,可以解释36.0%的差异,其次为认知4000,与搭,2000 一起可以解释约41.3%的差异,其他变量对阅读水平均不具预测能力。对写作唯一具有预测力的变量也是搭配2000,可以解释24.8%的差异。文章最后建议对学生强化搭配知识的训练,提升语言运用能力。 相似文献
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This longitudinal study examined the developmental trajectory of English expressive vocabulary and its relationship to English word reading in a sample of 141 Hong Kong children learning English as a second language (ESL). The children were observed six times at 3-month intervals over 15 months, from the spring of their second year of kindergarten (K2) to the end of their third year (K3). The development of English expressive vocabulary was nonlinear during the assessment period. With age, nonverbal IQ, English phonological awareness, letter knowledge and Chinese character reading controlled, the initial level of expressive vocabulary predicted English word reading 15 months later. More importantly, the expressive vocabulary growth rate during the 15 months also predicted English word reading. Our findings underscore the predictive power of the growth trajectory of expressive vocabulary in Hong Kong ESL children. Practical implications of the study are discussed. 相似文献