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在现代五项游泳运动中,运动员的肩关节损伤是非常常见的,研究运动员肩关节损伤的发病原因、症状规律以及有效的防治方法,对降低肩关节损伤的发病率,减小损伤对运动员的危害,提高游泳运动训练水平具有重要意义.基于对国内大量游泳运动肩关节损伤文献的归纳分析,对肩关节的生理结构、肩关节损伤的症状、肩关节损伤的原因以及肩关节损伤的防治... 相似文献
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高水平游泳运动员肩关节损伤的特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
采用献资料、问卷调查、访问调查和数理统计，对1999年全国游泳冠军赛和锦标赛的18个省市代表队120名优秀运动员的肩关节损伤进行调查。结果显示：我国优秀游泳运动员肩关节损伤高达47.4％，且多为训练年限在6～9年的健将级以上运动员。患急性肩关节损伤多为主项爬泳、仰泳或蝶泳的。肩关节损伤的症状不同，治疗手段亦不尽相同。损伤的主要原因有局部训练负荷过重、训练水平不够、技术动作不合理等。针对肩关节损伤的发病原因、机理、症状，提出预防和治疗肩关节损伤的可行性建议。 相似文献
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游泳运动员肩关节损伤是游泳训练中最常见的一种损伤 ,是游泳运动员的天敌 ,对游泳运动训练和比赛造成很大威胁。我们时常发现有些很有发展前途的优秀游泳运动员 ,由于肩关节损伤而导致不能按计划要求进行训练 ,妨碍运动成绩的提高 ,甚至缩短运动寿命。因此 ,为了搞好医务监督 ,掌握运动员肩关节损伤的规律 ,探索与研究其发病原因和症状 ,以及有效的防治方法 ,对预防和减少肩关节损伤的发病率 ,提高训练水平有着重要意义。一、损伤症状与治疗游泳运动员肩部肌肉劳损初期 ,肩部的感觉与平时不同 ,即肌肉的酸痛比平时厉害 ,继续训练后 ,肩部的… 相似文献
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对我国优秀冰球运动员运动创伤特点的分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
对我国优秀冰球运动员116名进行创伤调查,结果发现男运动员的创伤发病率为88.5%,女运动员为65.5%。其创伤特点主要为急性伤或由急性伤迁延而来,慢性伤只占20%左右;创伤的多发性也很明显,占70%以上。创伤发病率最高的6种疾病依次为腰背肌肉筋膜炎、髌腱腱围炎、腕关节三角软骨盘损伤、踝关节韧带断裂和不稳、髌骨软骨病和肩袖损伤。就腰背肌肉筋膜炎发病率高的原因进行了分析,并根据本调查结果提出预防运动创伤的建议。 相似文献
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游泳是主要通过上肢运动作为推动力的一种运动。如蝶泳、仰泳、自由泳主要是通过上肢的划水向前游动的。因此,肩关节的损伤成为大部分游泳运动员常见的伤病。损伤对游泳运动训练和比赛造成很大威胁。我国优秀游泳运动员肩关节损伤有的认为高达47．7％,有的认为高达66％,且多为训练年限在6-9年的健将级以上运动员。因此,搞好医务监督,掌握游泳运动员肩关节损伤的规律,探索与究其发病原因和症状以及有效防治方法很有必要,可以使教练员、运动员改进训练方法,预防和减少肩关节损伤,提高训练水平,创造出更好的成绩。 相似文献
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肩关节损伤对游泳运动员来说,是最常见的伤病现象,给运动员的训练和健康带来了极大的困扰,甚至会给运动生涯带来致命打击。因此,教练员或者体育教师应该掌握游泳运动员肩关节损伤的规律、救治方面的知识,归纳损伤的原因,采取相应的预防措施,避免伤病的发生。本文结合游泳运动员肩关节损伤的治疗情况,探讨游泳运动肩关节损伤症状及预防保护,为游泳运动肩关节损伤的治疗提供一定的参考借鉴价值。 相似文献
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Exercise and treating hyperlipidaemia with statins are two integral components of the American Heart Association guidelines to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults. Since statins can cause myalgias and myopathies, they could affect the duration or intensity of an exercise regimen. To determine the impact of statin use in adult masters swimmers, a survey was distributed to examine the association between swimming performance and statin usage in adult swimmers (≥35 years). After excluding those with chronic diseases or taking drugs that reduce physical capacity, 749 swimmers (118 taking statins, 73 not taking statins to control elevated cholesterol and 558 controls) were included in a regression model to determine the factors significantly affecting the duration and intensity of swimming workouts. Age and gender were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) associated with the distance swam per 60 min. Younger, male swimmers completed more yards per 60-min workout. Use of statins was not significantly associated with yards swam per 60-min workout. Nor did statin usage affect the number of swim sessions per month or the length of swim session. Evidently, statins do not cause enough fatigue or pain in masters swimmers to require a decrease in the duration or intensity of workouts. 相似文献
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Earl N. Newman 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):1049-1053
Abstract This study made the comparison of swimmers ranked according to swimming ability as determined by actual time tests in events used in NCAA high school dual meets with personality traits as measured by the Thurstone temperament schedule. The purpose was to add to the knowledge of characteristics of swimmers by determining if the factors within the individual which make a boy a better swimmer correlate significantly with the measured personality traits. Twenty-one swimmers were timed throughout the swimming season on each of the swimming events and the rank of each swimmer calculated. Each swimmer was given the personality test. Statistical analysis of the rankings of these seven personality traits was made in comparison to the swimming rank of the swimmers in the various strokes. Three rank difference correlations were found significant at the .05 level, indicating a tendency for rank of swimming performance to correspond with rank of personality variable. The dominant trait was positively correlated with 100-yard freestyle ranking. Negative correlations were found with the sociable trait and the 100-yard breaststroke and with the reflective trait and 200-yard freestyle. 相似文献
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通过对我国九运会女子 10 0m自由泳前 3名运动员和第 2 7届奥运会同项目前 3名运动员技术比较的数理统计分析发现 ,我国女子前 3名运动员 15m出发段的速度略低于外国优秀运动员 ;途中游的划水频率不如国外运动员 ,划水幅度与 2 7届前 3名运动员持平 ,5 0m绝对速度与国外运动员相比差距较大 ;转身段的表现也不如国外运动员 ;中国优秀运动员冲刺到边段表现出色 ,略优于国外运动员 ,展示出良好的速度耐力和顽强的意志品质。 相似文献
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Senda Sammoud Alan Michael Nevill Yassine Negra Raja Bouguezzi Chaabene Helmi Younés Hachana 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(10):1162-1167
The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal body size, limb-segment length, girth or breadth ratios for 100-m backstroke mean speed performance in young swimmers. Sixty-three young swimmers (boys [n = 30; age: 13.98 ± 0.58 years]; girls [n = 33; age: 13.02 ± 1.20 years]) participated in this study. To identify the optimal body size and body composition components associated with 100-m backstroke speed performance, we adopted a multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model, which was refined using backward elimination. The multiplicative allometric model exploring the association between 100-m backstroke mean speed performance and the different somatic measurements estimated that biological age, sitting height, leg length for the lower-limbs, and two girths (forearm and arm relaxed girth) are the key predictors. Stature and body mass did not contribute to the model, suggesting that the advantage of longer levers was limb-specific rather than a general whole-body advantage. In fact, it is only by adopting multiplicative allometric models that the abovementioned ratios could have been derived. These findings highlighted the importance of considering somatic characteristics of young backstroke swimmers and can help swimming coaches to classify their swimmers and enable them to suggest what might be the swimmers’ most appropriate stroke (talent identification). 相似文献
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Christopher Papic Peter Sinclair Che Fornusek Ross Sanders 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(4):378-389
Task-specific auditory training can improve sensorimotor processing times of the auditory reaction time (RT). The majority of competitive swimmers do not conduct habitual start training with the electronic horn used to commence a race. We examined the effect of four week dive training interventions on RT and block time (BT) of 10 male adolescent swimmers (age 14.0 ± 1.4 years): dive training with auditory components (speaker and electronic horn) (n = 5) and dive training without auditory components (n = 5). Auditory stimulus dive training significantly reduced swimming start RT, compared with dive training without auditory components (p < 0.01), with a group mean RT reduction of 13 ± 9 ms. Four of the five swimmers that received auditory stimulus training showed medium to large effect size reductions in RT (d = 0.74; 1.32; 1.40; 1.81). No significant changes to swimmers’ BTs were evident in either dive training intervention. The adolescent swimmers’ results were compared against six male elite swimmers (age 19.8 ± 1.0 years). The elite swimmers had significantly shorter BTs (p < 0.05) but no significant difference in RTs. Auditory stimulus dive training should be explored further as a mechanism for improving swimming start performance in elite swimmers who have pre-established optimal BTs. 相似文献
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采用问卷调查法和访问调查法调查访问了81名国家游泳队运动员和15名国家游泳队教练。结果发现：国家游泳队运动员肩痛患病率为39．5%,男女之间无显著性差异。肩痛患病率最高的是蝶泳运动员(63．6%),其次是自由泳和仰泳运动员,蛙泳运动员肩痛患病率最低(31．3%)：水上训练手段中,短距离高强度戴划手掌训练、长距离中低强度戴划手掌训练和水上铁片牵引训练对肩痛的影响程度列前3位(明显影响率分别为46．7%、25%和18．2%)；陆上训练手段中,铁片拉力训练、卧推练习和等动拉力训练对肩痛的影响程度列前3位(明显影响率分别为43：8%、36．7%和19．4%)。陆上铁片拉力训练时采用高肘技术、抓水时早发力早加速后划技术和陆上铁片拉力训练时后划到底技术是前3位对国家游泳队运动员肩痛有影响的技术动作(明显影响率分别为60%、40%和33．3%)。 相似文献