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1.
本文利用习水县及其周边地区的日气象观测资料进行分析,通过对比年、月以及夏季气温、≥25℃、30℃、35℃高温出现的日数、日照时数、风速及相对湿度等,探讨习水县避暑型气候的优势和特征。结果表明:习水县各月平均气温、月最高气温和最低气温比重庆和泸州均低,夏季气温在舒适范围内,而同一时期泸州和重庆人体感知温度的舒适度等级达到了较热水平。1961～2017年习水县及周边地区泸州和重庆年平均气温、年最高气温和最低气温均呈现增加趋势,习水年平均气温、年最高气温和最低气温从1961～2017年均低于同一时段泸州和重庆年平均气温、年最高气温和最低气温的变化。1961～2017年习水夏季气温≥25℃、30℃、35℃的日数呈现弱增加趋势。习水夏季气温≥25℃、30℃、35℃的日数明显小于同一时期的泸州和重庆。1961～2017年相对湿度处于人体适宜湿度范围内,日照时数最大值处于重庆和泸州之间。最后,结合习水及周边地区夏季气温≥25℃、30℃、35℃的研究,说明习水夏季气温主要以舒适为主,较热和热天气出现的日数较少,说明习水地区夏季避暑气候优势较周边地区明显。 相似文献
2.
西江流域气温变化的气候特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用西江流域及其周边地区36个气象站1960年～2000年的冬、夏半年及年平均气温资料，对西江流域的气温变化特征进行诊断分析，结果表明：冬半年气温呈显著增加趋势，信度水平在99%以上，冬、夏半年及年平均气温的增加率分别为0.237℃/10年、0.07℃/10年和0.127℃/10年；从区域上看，冬半年西江流域大部分地区气温增加趋势显著，南盘江至柳江之间的区域增温趋势的信度水平在99%以上，夏半年和年平均气温仅部分区域出现显著增温；冬、夏半年及年平均气温都在不同的尺度上都存在明显的周期震荡；冬半年和年平均气温均在1987年左右发生增温突变，突变后气温分别增加0.5℃和0.4℃。 相似文献
3.
滕海迪 《内蒙古科技与经济》2023,(2):91-93
利用乌拉特后旗气象站观测资料，对乌拉特后旗迁站前后1974年—2020年近47 a的气温、降水、风向风速等气象要素对比分析。结果表明：(1)乌拉特后旗新站较旧站年平均气温偏高4.1℃,其中春季升幅最大，冬季升幅最小，3月升幅最大，1月升幅最小，年平均最高气温对年平均气温升幅的贡献最大。(2)新站较旧站年平均降水量偏多10.6 mm,年降水日数偏少16.4 d,降水强度新站强于旧站；平均降水量四季均增加，降水日数相反；新旧站降水量最多分别出现在6月、7月，降水日数均在7月最多。(3)旧站出现最多的风向为WSW,新站为NE;旧站风速明显大于新站，西风风速的贡献最大，春季旧站的风速偏大最明显。(4)新、旧站其余要素差异较大，其中，暴雨日数、雾日数新站较旧站增幅最大。 相似文献
4.
利用西藏色林错流域气象观测站1961～2008年逐月平均气温、降水量等资料,分析了近50牟流域气温、降水的年际和年代际变化特征和异常年份,结果表明：近50年流域年平均气温以0．40℃／10a的速率显著升高,冬季增温最突出。平均最高气温除夏季变化趋势不大外,其它各季以0．21～0．35℃／10a的速度显著升高;年平均最低气温以0．56℃／10a的速度显著升高,明显高于最高气温的井幅。流域年降水量以20．4mm／10a的速率呈显著的增加趋势,四季降水量表现为增加趋势,为0．8～10．4mm／10a,以夏季增幅最大。20世纪60年代至90年代,除夏季外,其它3季和年平均气温都表现为逐年代增加趋势。年、季平均最高气温的年代际变化特征不明显。60年代流域降水表现为偏少的年代际变化特征;70年代夏季降水偏多,其它季节偏少;80年代夏、秋两季降水正常,冬、春季偏多;90年代,夏季偏少,秋、冬季偏多;进入21世纪前8年,秋季降水偏少,其它三季降水偏多,年降水量增幅明显。 相似文献
5.
根据新兴县气象观测站1958-2012年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、降水量、暴雨日数、高温日数、低温日数等资料,采用气候统计方法讨论分析近55年来新兴县气温与降水的气候特征。结果表明:新兴县1958-2012年平均气温总体呈上升趋势,其趋势系数为0.0077℃/10a。各季平均气温均呈上升趋势:冬季升高最明显,其次是秋季、夏季,春季上升最慢。高温天气7月最多:低温天气1月最多。年降水量总体呈下降趋势,夏季平均降水量最多,其次是春季、秋季,冬季最少。新兴县的降水月分布为双峰型,两个峰值分别在6月和8月。 相似文献
6.
石羊河流域季节性冻土的时空分布及对气温变化的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用1961-2010年石羊河流域4个气象站点的冻土深度、冻土日数和气温观测数据以及邻近地区气象站点冻土数据,采用气候统计学分析方法,对石羊河流域最大冻土深度和冻土日数的时间演变、空间分布及与气温的关系进行了分析.结果表明: 石羊河流域年代、年最大冻土深度和冻土日数呈显著减少趋势,减少速率分别为4.537cm/10a、6.001d/10a,均通过了а=0.01的显著性水平检验.年最大冻土深度和冻土日数的时间序列分别存在7~8a和8~9a的准周期变化,并发生了突变.冻土主要出现在11月至次年3月,年最大冻土深度几乎都出现在1月和2月,年冻土日数以12月和1月最多.石羊河流域冻土的空间分布与海拔高度、地表植被、地层岩性、土层含水量等局域性因素有关.石羊河流域与冻土同期的年平均气温呈显著升高趋势,上升的速率为0.553℃/10a.年最大冻土深度和冻土日数与平均气温呈极显著负相关,其相关系数分别为-0.7486、-0.8058,气温每升高1℃,冻土深度减小9.3cm,冻土日数减少8.3d;冻土深度和气温具有相同的周期变化,冻土日数的周期变化比气温滞后1a,气温随时间变化对冻土深度和冻土日数随时间变化具有显著负作用.冻土深度的减小和冻土日数的减少可能是对气温升高的响应. 相似文献
7.
选用镶黄旗国家气象观测站1992年—2021年平均气温、降水、日照时数、2 min平均风速、大风日数、沙尘暴日数等气象要素资料，采用线性趋势分析法对镶黄旗地区近30年气候变化特征进行了分析。分析得出：1992年—2021年镶黄旗地区年平均气温以0.397℃/10 a的速率呈明显的上升趋势；年降水量以15.231 mm/10 a的速率呈下降趋势；日照时数以23.362 h/10 a的速率呈下降趋势；2 min平均风速以0.414 (m/s)/10 a的速率呈下降趋势；大风日数以1.646 d/10 a的速率呈下降趋势；沙尘暴日数以1.646 d/10 a的速率呈下降趋势。 相似文献
8.
西藏丁青县1961—2015年气温变化特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章采用丁青县1961~2015年气温资料,运用气候倾向率、M-K趋势检验和突变分析、Morlet小波变换等方法对丁青县气温年、季变化特征进行分析,结果表明:丁青县平均气温、最高气温和最低气温均呈显著的上升趋势,气候倾向率分别为0.246℃/10a、0.242℃/10a和0.275℃/10a,升温率小于青藏高原地区,高于全国平均升温率。无论是平均气温、最高气温还是最低气温,四季均表现为增温趋势,以冬季增温幅度最大。平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的升高均为突变现象,突变点分别在1995年、2002年和1994年左右。气温变化存在明显的周期,且无论较长周期还是较短周期的变化都处于偏暖期,且在未来一定时期内呈向较暖趋势发展的走向。 相似文献
9.
1963-2012年青藏高原东缘极端气温变化特征及趋势 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用1963-2012年青藏高原东缘23个站点逐日最高气温、最低气温及日平均气温资料,选取11个极端气温指数,采用线性倾向估计、曼-肯德尔（Mann-Kendall）突变检验及小波分析法对该区域近50a极端气温的时空变化趋势进行分析,结果发现：①年内日最高气温、年内日最低气温、夏日日数、暖昼日数、暖夜日数及生物生长季的变化均为上升趋势,结冰日数、霜冻日数、冷昼日数、冷夜日数及气温日较差的变化均为下降趋势;②三个区域的极端气温指数空间差异明显,且极端高低温、冷暖指数及昼夜指数的变化趋势呈现一定的不对称性;③各个极端气温指数在不同的年份发生了突变,且存在13a左右的震荡周期。 相似文献
10.
选用祁连地区托勒、野牛沟和祁连3个气象观测站1961～2016年逐日气温(最高、最低、平均)资料,采用WMO推荐的极端气候指标定义计算了8种极端气温指数,并分析其主要气候特征。结果表明:祁连地区极端最高气温、最低气温、暖夜日数和暖昼日数呈上升趋势,霜冻日数、结冰日数、冷夜日数和冷昼日数呈下降趋势。除最高气温和冷夜日数没有检测到突变点外,最低气温在1995年发生突变,霜冻和结冰日数分别在1990年和2000年发生突变,暖夜和暖昼日数分别在1994年和1998年发生突变,冷昼日数从1997年发生突变。在近56a的时间尺度上各极端气温指数均存在多个较明显的周期。祁连地区极端气温指数与年平均气温具有很高的相关性,即极端气温对气候变暖具有很好的响应。各极端气温指数均存在明显的Hurst现象,即其未来总体变化趋势将与过去变化趋势保持一致。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
13.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
14.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
15.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
16.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
17.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献