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1.
英国大学生学费与资助政策改革及启示 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从20世纪初到70年代末,英国政府在大学实行的是免费加助学金政策,在80年代以后,经济困境使得这种政策有所改变.2004年的<高等教育法案(草案)>,又提出了新的学费政策和资助制度.英国大学学费与资助政策的演变与近年来的一系列改革值得我们认真思考和借鉴. 相似文献
2.
英国大学生资助政策的演进与启示 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
在过去20多年中,英国改变了"免费上大学加助学金"的政策,分三步走,建构起"先上学,后付费"的"学生贷款与助学金混合资助"体系.它的内涵是:所有大学生都可以贷款付学费,毕业就业后"按收入比例还贷",由"税务部门回收贷款".特别困难的学生还可以申请生活费贷款和助学金.政府还对师范生等给予专业津贴,吸引出身贫寒但学业优秀的学生学习社会急需的专业.英国的改革进程和资助政策体系都值得我们研究借鉴. 相似文献
3.
美国教师教育资助项目与我国师范生免费教育政策作为21世纪以来比较有代表性的教师教育改革措施,具有一定的相似性又具有鲜明的区别.通过分析比较二者的相似之处和不同之处,以此加深对我国教师教育改革和师范生免费教育政策的了解. 相似文献
4.
从“免费加助学金”大学生资助政策的确立、扩大,到逐步向“收费加贷学金”资助政策的转变过程中,英国政府通过立法、财政手段,实现了其政府责任,使英国的大学生资助政策经历了从无偿资助到有偿资助的转变。这种历程也显示了当今世界大学生资助政策的发展趋势。 相似文献
5.
考察建国后我国中等职业教育资助制度的发展历史可知,中职资助制度可以划分为三个阶段:1952年至1982年,人民助学金制度时期;1983年至20世纪80年代末,人民助学金逐步退出,以奖学金为主的资助制度建立;20世纪90年代至今,中职资助体系建立.目前,我国中职资助政策的范围逐步扩大、标准有所提高,形成了以国家助学金、免学费为主,以校内奖学金、学生工学结合、顶岗实习、学校减免学费等为辅的资助政策体系. 相似文献
6.
一、政策背景及内容2007年3月5日,国务院总理温家宝在十届全国人大五次会议上作政府工作报告时提出,为了促进教育发展和教育公平,在教育部直属师范大学实行师范生免费教育,建立相应的制度。按照师范生免费教育这一新政策,今后考入这6所大学的师范大学生,四年在校学习期间免缴学费、住宿费,领取生活费补助;免费师范生入学前与学校和生源所在地省级教育行政部门签订协议,承诺毕业后从事中小学教育10年以上。到城镇学校工作的免费师范毕业生, 相似文献
7.
60年的探索:建国以来我国大学生资助政策探析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
余秀兰 《北京大学教育评论》2010,8(1):151-163,192
建国60年以来,政府对大学生的资助政策从免费加人民助学金到奖学金为主,再到政府为主的多元资助体系,表明对大学生的资助政策正在日益完善。在资助对象上,贫困的资格逐步明确,准入的可能性大大增加;在资助内容上,一套多元的资助体系已经形成;在资助方式上,政府的投入逐渐加大,中央政府、地方政府、高校等各方的责任分担也日益清晰。这些政策及其变化反映了国家政策在公平与效率间的权衡,也反映了大学生资助政策的激励导向和对充足的追求。 相似文献
8.
二战后美国通过相关立法和政府资助,保障不利群体的受教育机会,从量上扩大了高等教育入学机会,使高等教育大众化进程加快并迅速步入普及化阶段。但受20世纪70年代经济危机的影响,80年代以来,美国政府不得不对高等教育的资助政策作出调整,高等教育经费不足和大学学费的持续增长成为困扰美国高等教育的突出问题。 相似文献
9.
佘妍文 《洛阳师范学院学报》2015,(1):114-117
英国师范生资助政策作为英国高等教育的一个分支大体上划分为免费加补助时期、贷款加补助时期和贷款、补助加额外助学金时期三个主要阶段。英国师范生资助政策具有资助目的适时调整、资助力度因人而异、资助方式灵活多样等特点。深入研究英国师范生资助政策,对完善我国师范生资助政策,提高师范教育质量具有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。 相似文献
10.
二战后美国通过相关立法和政府资助,保障不利群体的受教育机会,从量上扩大了高等教育入学机会,使高等教育大众化进程加快并迅速步入普及化阶段.但受20世纪70年代经济危机的影响.B0年代以来,美国政府不得不对高等教育的资助政策作出调整,高等教育经费不足和大学学费的持续增长成为困扰美国高等教育的突出问题. 相似文献
11.
Despite increasing financial pressures on higher education systems throughout the world, many governments remain resolutely opposed to the introduction of tuition fees, and some countries and states where tuition fees have been long established are now reconsidering free higher education. This paper examines the consequences of charging tuition fees on university enrolments, equity, and proxies for institutional quality. To do so, we study the English higher education system which has, in just two decades, moved from a free college system to one in which tuition fees are among the highest in the world. Our findings suggest that England's shift has resulted in increased funding per head and rising enrolments, with no apparent widening of the participation gap between advantaged and disadvantaged students. The role of fees is moderated by other key features of higher education finance which may differ across countries: in contrast to other systems with high tuition fees, the English system is distinct in that its income-contingent loan system ensures that no tuition fees are paid upfront, and provides students with comparatively generous assistance for living expenses. Still, the English experience provides an instructive case for other countries considering implementing or abolishing tuition fees. 相似文献
12.
浅谈中国大学教育收费 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
当前我国大学教育已经进入收费教育阶段。本文将当前中国大学教育的收费状况、收费标准计算和收费依据与国外大学教育收费的情况作了简要的比较,并分析了产生高学费的主要原因,提出了政府要从切实增加教育经费的支出力度等6个方面来解决中国大学教育高收费和高收费中贫困生的教育费用负担问题。 相似文献
13.
关于加强高校学生收费管理的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高校学生收费管理工作是高校财务管理工作的一项重要内容,如何加强高校学生收费管理工作是当前的一个重要研究课题。文章对目前学生收费管理中存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了加强高校学生收费管理的措施。 相似文献
14.
在全球化时代，高等院校学生的全球流动给国际学生输入国的政治、经济以及高等教育带来了重要影响。英国作为国际学生的主要接收国之一，其优质的高等教育吸引着来自世界各地的学生。在新自由主义意识形态、国际教育服务贸易理念与高等教育财政拨款投入制度的影响下，英国逐步向国际学生收取高额学费。英国高校国际学生学费的变化呈现出新的特点，影响着国际学生的来源结构、生源数量与质量，可能导致高校课程调整与师资流失。国际学生学费的变化引发了英国社会对高等教育市场化取向与国际学生公平教育权益的讨论，并实施了将国际学生学费与院校国际教育质量挂钩、以奖助学金形式平衡国际学生学费压力等具体改革举措。 相似文献
15.
试论我国实现完全免费义务教育的现实可能性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孙士杰 《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2000,27(2):95-98
免费是义务教育顺利实现的重要保障,我国《义务教育法》规定：“国家对接受义务教育的学生免收学费”、《义务教育法实施细则》规定：“实施义务教育的学校可收取杂费”。但在实施过程中出现的乱收费、多收费的免费范围扩大在到免除困地区、杂费、书本费及住宿费,实施完全的免费义务教育？就１９９８年的情况而言,对全国范围内的义务教育免费范围扩大到免除学费、杂费、书本费及住宿费,实施完全的义务教育？就１９９８年的情况而 相似文献
16.
Terrence A. Tollefson 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(3-4):386-402
Community colleges in America are now very visible and highly respected institutions of higher education. More than 1,000 community colleges in all 50 states now comprise nearly 25% of all colleges and universities in the U.S., with over 6.5 million students, or about 45% of all college students. State and local governance and coordination of community colleges vary from single-state governing boards to minimal state control and strong local governing boards. The relative degrees of state and local control of community colleges generally “follow the money,” in that accountability to state and local governing board and state legislatures is generally about proportional to the funds provided by each level of government. Funding for operational support of community colleges comes primarily from state and local governments, with considerable federal support for grants and subsidized loans to students. In 2000–2001, the largest proportional funding sources for community colleges were: state governments (44.6%), local governments (19.5%), tuition and fees (19.5%) and the federal government (5.4%). State lotteries in at least 38 states represent a relatively new source of funds for community colleges, often in the form of student scholarships. Many of the earliest public junior colleges charged no tuition, especially in California in the early 1900s. Now many community college students pay $3,000 or more per year in tuition and fees, and recent annual tuition increases in many states have been in double digits. This is a troubling trend that threatens to reduce access to higher education for poor people. 相似文献
17.
Several German states recently introduced tuition fees for university education. We investigate whether these tuition fees influence the mobility of university applicants. Based on administrative data of applicants for medical schools in Germany, we estimate the effect of tuition fees on the probability of applying for a university in the home state. We find a small but significant reaction: The probability of applying for a university in the home state falls by 2 percentage points (baseline: 69%) for high-school graduates who come from a state with tuition fees. Moreover, we find that students with better high-school grades react more strongly to tuition fees. This might have important effects on the composition of students across states. 相似文献
18.
In higher education, just amounts of tuition fees are often a topic of heated debate among different groups such as students, university teachers, administrative staff, and policymakers. We investigated whether unpleasant situations that students often experience at university due to social crowding can affect students’ views on the justified amount of tuition fees at universities. We report two experiments on whether conditions that lead to experienced crowding in higher education can affect how students cognitively deal with a given topic. Experiment 1 (N = 80) showed that the mere cognitive activation of crowdedness in text stories about situations related to student activities influenced prospective students’ estimates of what are justified university tuition fees. In Experiment 2 (N = 72), student participants wrote an essay on tuition fees in a small versus large room in groups of three versus six persons. Here, results showed that students together with relatively many others in a small room estimated higher tuition fees to be justified than participants in all other experimental conditions. We discuss the implications of the present findings for the configuration of classes in higher education. 相似文献
19.
J. L. Azad 《Higher Education》1976,5(1):1-7
The contribution of tuition fees to the income of higher education institutions in India is reviewed against a background of inadequate financial support. A differential system of tuition fees is proposed under which students not deemed suitable for higher education would be admitted to universities or colleges subject to payment of tuition fees which reflected the full costs of their higher education.The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views/policies of the Planning Commission. 相似文献
20.
宋述龙 《辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2010,33(2):68-70
在高等学校中实施收学费、住宿费制度和收费标准、收费办法是全社会关注的热点问题之一,为此国家相继出台了一系列规范高等教育收费的若干规定。但社会指责高等学校乱收费、收费标准高等呼声仍然比较强烈。对此我们就高等学校收费的相关问题提出几点建议。 相似文献