共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
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王天润 《商丘师范学院学报》2008,24(4):118-119
文化词语是指由于两种语言之间的文化差异,在目的语中没有对应或完全对应的表达方式,形成词汇空缺或词义空缺的词语。文化词语移植的方法主要有：音译、意译、音译兼意译、仿译、形译和全式借用。目前文化词语的移植呈现出音译词活跃、音译词成分语素化、仿译词大量引入和字母词增多的趋势。 相似文献
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英汉互译中文化差异造成的词汇空缺及对策 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
英汉互译中由于文化差异而造成汉英词汇空缺的原因,主要有生态环境、宗教信仰以及文化价值观念等。空缺词汇在指称意义和语用意义两个方面的翻译可采用音译、意译、创新译法等方法。 相似文献
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吴枫北 《开封教育学院学报》2014,(7):41-42
在文化移植的过程中,译者会经常遭遇因文化语境缺省而导致的词汇空缺现象。笔者拟结合《围城》英译本的相关例证,对词汇空缺的翻译作一次全面的探析,最终总结出四种较有代表的方法,即音译补义法、直译说明法、意译诠释法与省译替补法。 相似文献
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词汇空缺是汉译英过程中经常遇到的问题,不同的空缺词汇应当采用不同的翻译方法,使译文更加符合目的语的语言习惯和文化背景。以岳阳楼名胜的景点标识语为例,介绍音译法、直译法、意译法、改编法和省译法在译文中的应用。 相似文献
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3.意译法对于一些具有独特原语文化特征的词汇、习语和句子,音译、直译可能无法准确传递原语的文化内涵,而代换互译又容易将译语文化色彩强加入原语文化中去,这时候,为了填补语言之间的词汇、语义和文化空缺,译者不妨采取意译法,在翻译过程中直接指出原语的真正含义,用和原语意义相同但形式不同的词汇、句法来翻译。 相似文献
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黄中习 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,48(2):151-154
壮族文化特色词是指壮译外中壮语特有而译语没有的文化词汇空缺。英译壮族创世史诗《布洛陀》时,传译壮族文化特色词汇涵义主要有四种译法,即音译释意、直译、意译和译者注释。 相似文献
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杨东杰 《职教通讯(江苏技术师范学院学报)》2006,12(5)
文化和历史的相异必然意味着语言的不同,容易产生翻译中词汇空缺现象,并增加理解障碍和翻译困难.翻译中处理词汇空缺的方法可以概括为:直译、音译或加注释相结合保留原文的比喻形象;对原文的文化及比喻进行对等处理;借词;意译时注意原语和译文在内涵和文化方面是否对等;意音兼译,生动再现原语的文化色彩;创造性地灵活处理. 相似文献
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倪怀庆 《廊坊师范学院学报》2013,(4):39-43
在训诂研究中,词语的搭桥现象是指没有同义关系的词语之间基于一个多义词或音变同源词构成了训释关系或同源系列。词语搭桥现象存在于词义训释和同源系联中。在词义训释中,被释词因与释词的一个义位相同而得以训释另一个义位,这归因于古人不同的字观念。在同源系联中,不同的词由于源于一词的不同义位而构成同源系列,各词有不同的语源义特征。确认同源系联中的搭桥现象需要辨别相关义位是否源自一词,排除同形词、字的双本义和假借用法形成的搭桥假象。词义训释和同源系联在搭桥现象上存在一些不同。 相似文献
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Mark Yates 《Journal of Research in Reading》2012,35(2):215-226
Although it is assumed that semantics is a critical component of visual word recognition, there is still much that we do not understand. One recent way of studying semantic processing has been in terms of semantic neighbourhood (SN) density, and this research has shown that semantic neighbours facilitate lexical decisions. However, it is not clear if this facilitation reflects actual word recognition processes or is instead due to participant strategies used during the lexical decision task. To address this, the current research used college students as participants and tested the effect of SN density using the semantic categorisation and progressive demasking tasks. Both of these tasks require word identification and are not susceptible to the participant strategies that are seen when using the lexical decision task. The results show that SN facilitates responding in both tasks, indicating that SN effects are not due to task‐specific strategies. 相似文献
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词汇语义探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贺双凤 《通化师范学院学报》2004,(7):31-33
语义问题是词汇研究的重心。本从词定义的模糊性、词的语义单位及单个词内的语义之间的关系及组织等三方面着手对词汇语义问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
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范丽君 《内蒙古大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2002,34(3):31-34
借词是民族之间在化上相互渗透的历史见证。俄罗斯人很早就与中亚操蒙古语的部落有来往。现在卡尔梅克和布里亚特民族已成为俄罗斯多民族大家庭中的成员。大规模广泛的接触促进了语言的相互借用。在借用过程中大部分蒙古语借词都保留了自己的语法和词汇特点，但从构词和词形变化上开始遵循俄语的规则。 相似文献
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The present study investigated the relationships between lexical access, reading fluency, and comprehension. Two components of speed of lexical access were studied: phonological and semantic. Previous studies have mainly investigated these components of lexical access separately. The present study examined both components in naming tasks—with isolated letters (phonological) and pictures (semantic). Seventy-five Grade 5 students were administered measures of letter and picture naming speed, word and nonword reading fluency, and reading comprehension, together with control measures of vocabulary. The results showed that letter naming was a unique predictor of word reading fluency, whereas picture naming was not. Conversely, picture naming speed contributed unique variance to reading comprehension, whereas letter naming did not. The results indicate that phonological and semantic lexical access speed are separable components that are important for different reading subskills. 相似文献
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赵倩 《四川师范学院学报》2010,(6):61-66
词的所指对象依照认知经验会在人的心目中形成一定的心理意象,我们称之为＂语义取象＂。通过对＂牙、齿＂的词义分析,我们发现：受深层认知因素的制约,两个词即使词汇意义大致相当,但它们在人们认知体系中有不同的意象和各自突显的特征,这深刻影响着词的使用和词义的发展,对词义系统的自我调控与平衡是极有利的。聚焦于词的语义取象,使我们获得了词义分析的新视角,能够为多义词的义域分布和发展趋势提供解释,也为同义词的辨析提供了新思路。 相似文献
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Nicole M. Swart Marloes M. L. Muijselaar Esther G. Steenbeek-Planting Mienke Droop Peter F. de Jong L. Verhoeven 《Reading and writing》2017,30(3):489-507
The mental lexicon plays a central role in reading comprehension (Perfetti & Stafura, 2014). It encompasses the number of lexical entries in spoken and written language (vocabulary breadth), the semantic quality of these entries (vocabulary depth), and the connection strength between lexical representations (semantic relatedness); as such, it serves as an output for the decoding process and as an input for comprehension processes. Although different aspects of the lexicon can be distinguished, research on the role of the mental lexicon in reading comprehension often does not take these individual aspects of the lexicon into account. The current study used a multicomponent approach to examine whether measures of spoken and written vocabulary breadth, vocabulary depth, and semantic relatedness were differentially predictive of individual differences in reading comprehension skills in fourth-grade students. The results indicated that, in addition to nonverbal reasoning, short-term memory, and word decoding, the four measures of lexical quality substantially added (30 %) to the proportion of explained variance of reading comprehension (adding up to a total proportion of 65 %). Moreover, each individual measure of lexical quality added significantly to the prediction of reading comprehension after all other measures were taken into account, with written lexical breadth and lexical depth showing the greatest increase in explained variance. It can thus be concluded that multiple components of lexical quality play a role in children’s reading comprehension. 相似文献
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王银来 《绵阳师范学院学报》2012,31(4):74-77
衔接是当今语篇分析领域的一个热门话题,吸引着众多语言研究者的目光。在语篇衔接研究领域中,词汇衔接研究是其不可或缺的一个主要方面。本文着重从词义聚合关系、词义组合关系和词汇衔接间的相互关联出发,对词汇衔接进行了较为深入的分析研究。由分析得出语义聚合关系和语义组合关系是词汇衔接的语义基础,篇章中的词汇主要以相互之间的词义聚合、组合关系为基础,并在语境的制约下构成语义衔接使其所处的语篇语义连贯,同时也使交际双方的表情达意成为可能,实现语篇的交际功能。 相似文献
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Elena V. Varlamova Elena A. Tulusina Zarema M. Zaripova Veronika L. Gataullina 《Interchange》2017,48(2):183-193
The article is devoted to the problem of the development of skills connected with the acquisition of foreign lexis (Lexis = all possible words or phrases in a language) on the basis of semantic fields (Semantic field = a lexical set of related items, e.g., colour, red, green, blue). This becomes possible due to grouping well-known and unknown to the students lexical units to systemized semantic groups—semantic fields. Semantic fields can be useful for the quantitative and qualitative enrichment of the vocabulary; they serve to choose a lexical unit correctly, to collocate lexical units according to existing norms, to use the lexis of various semantic fields in different contexts without mistakes, to guarantee conscious, automatic language skills of the students and to increase their active vocabulary. 相似文献
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Lexical priming was assessed in children with reading disability (RD) and in age-matched controls ( M = 11.5 years), in visual and auditory lexical decision tasks. In the visual task, children with RD were found to have deficits in semantic (SHIP–BOAT), phonological/graphemic (GOAT–BOAT), and combined (FLOAT–BOAT) priming. The same pattern of semantic priming deficits also occurred in auditory lexical decisions, suggesting that the semantic deficits are not confined to reading. Children with RD also showed less priming than reading-age matched controls, suggesting that their priming deficits are not simply due to lower reading level but are due to the reading disability in particular. These semantic deficits may contribute to both the word reading and the comprehension problems seen in children with RD. 相似文献