共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The experiment in which a candle is burned inside an inverted vessel partially immersed in water has a history of more than
2,200 years, but even nowadays it is common that students and teachers relate the change in volume of the enclosed air to
its oxygen content. Contrary to what many people think, Lavoisier concluded that any change in volume in this experiment is
negligible; moreover, the explanation relating oxygen consumption in the air with its change in volume is known to be wrong.
In this work we briefly review the history behind the candle experiment and its relationship with some typical erroneous explanations.
One of the key factors behind Lavoisier’s success was the use of experiments carefully designed to test different hypotheses.
Following these steps, we performed several closed volume experiments where the candle wick was replaced by a capillary stainless
steel cylinder supported and heated by a nichrome filament connected to an external power supply. Our recorded experiments
are displayed as web pages, designed with the purpose that the reader can easily visualize and analyze modern versions of
Lavoisier’s experiments. These experiments clearly show an initial phase of complete combustion, followed by a phase of incomplete
combustion with elemental carbon or soot rising to the top of the vessel, and a final phase where the hot artificial wick
only evaporates a white steam of wax that cannot ignite because no oxygen is left in the closed atmosphere. After either a
complete or incomplete combustion of the oxygen, our experiments show that the final gas volume is nearly equal to the initial
air volume. 相似文献
2.
The concept of metacognition refers to one’s knowledge and control of one’s own cognitive system. However, despite being widely
used, this concept is confusing because of several reasons. First, sometimes it is not at all clear what is cognitive and
what is metacognitive. Second, researchers often use the same term, namely, “metacognition” even when they refer to very different
aspects of this complex concept. Alternatively, researchers may use different terms to indicate the same metacognitive elements.
Another foggy matter is the interrelationships among the various components of metacognition discussed in the literature.
This conceptual confusion regarding the concept of metacognition and its sub-components calls for in-depth theoretical and
conceptual clarifications. The goal of this article is to portray a detailed example of a conceptual analysis of meta-strategic
knowledge (MSK) which is one specific component of metacognition. This specific example is used to draw a general model for
conceptual analyses of additional metacognitive components. The approach suggested here is to begin with a clear definition
of the target sub component of metacognition, followed by a systematic examination of this sub component according to several
dimensions that are relevant to metacognition in general and to that sub component in particular. The examination should include
an analysis of how the details of the definition of the target sub-component refer to: (a) general theoretical metacognitive
issues raised by prominent scholars; (b) definitions formulated and issues raised by other researchers who have investigated
the same (or a similar) sub-component and, (c) empirical findings pertaining to that sub-component. Finally, it should be
noted that since metacognition is a relational rather than a definite concept it is important to situate the context within
which the conceptual analysis takes place. 相似文献
3.
This article has no direct link with academics, children, students or those who teach: I severed almost all such connections several years ago. It describes the rewards and challenges of leading a reminiscence group of elderly people, all of whom suffer some level of memory loss and/or severe physical disability; most are wheelchair-bound. It contains examples of their autobiographical talk which I recorded separately from group meetings and transcribed, exclusively for the satisfaction of each individual concerned. Ours is not a society which cherishes its aged members. What becomes of their identity? Who are they now? They are, of course, people – as interesting as those in our classrooms. They too need to know their own worth. 相似文献
4.
Craig Johnson 《Action Learning: Research and Practice》2004,1(2):221-229
The professional development of a facilitator is a neglected area in the action learning literature. This article presents one example of such development. It is divided into three sections: firstly it describes the author's experience of being a set member on a newly-introduced Masters programme at a British university; secondly, it describes frameworks that are outside the usual action learning texts that enabled the author to articulate the politics of learning. The final section shows how the previous experience and theory were combined to influence the development of a facilitator style that was commensurate with the working environment. 相似文献
5.
6.
Birna María Svanbjörnsdóttir Allyson Macdonald Gudmundur Heidar Frímannsson 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2016,60(1):90-109
The focus of the action research reported here is on how leaders and teachers used teamwork in developing a professional learning community in a new compulsory school in Iceland. Collaboration is a critical issue in schools as it can improve practice that supports student achievement. Results from the TALIS 2008 study show that Icelandic teachers are below international averages regarding joint teaching and supporting each other. Findings from this action research study showed signs of an emerging collaborative structure among some teams but also a lack of feedback among peers. Teachers expressed difficulty in putting into practice their growing sense of professionalism. The research findings suggest that peer coaching should be supported to encourage staff to engage in critical reflection and transforming practice. 相似文献
7.
XIANG Yu-min 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(3):210-215
To determine the motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field produced by a current flowing along a long column conductor, the equation of the motion was established on the basis of Lorentz force. Qualitative analysis and quantitative solutions demonstrated that the motion contains nonlinear oscillation. The oscillation can be treated as the perturbation of the helical motion, Which the particle undergoes in a special condition. The general motion is superposition of two helixes, one as an axis spiraled by another. It is proven that the oscillation is stable. 相似文献
8.
《寒冬夜行人》中的叙述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈海燕 《渭南师范学院学报》2004,19(4):50-53
意大利小说家卡尔维诺对小说艺术形式有着高度的自觉，《寒冬夜行人》是反映其艺术高度自觉的典型作品之一。在这部作品中，这种自觉体现在：其一，叙述的讲述与展示；其二，第二人称叙事。他在这两个方面的成功试验，特别是在第二人称方面的试验，达到了奇特的叙述效果。这种具有实验性质的叙述方式为其后的小说创作产生了启发性影响。 相似文献
9.
M. L. Carrió Pastor 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2007,32(5):599-612
Second language acquisition is a hard task for teachers, since to achieve the motivation from students to practice a language simulating a real context is very difficult. On the one hand, students are often influenced by their mother tongue and more when they are practising a second language with a partner from the same nationality. On the other, technology is part of our lives and teachers should use all the tools in order to motivate students to learn any topic. So, if we integrate technology in the methodology we use when teaching a second language and students can practise with international partners, the results can be surprising. Chats, scanning texts, games, filling forms, etc. are just some of the activities our students can do in order to improve their command of a second language and also these activities can be used by content teachers in order to complement content learning. In the present paper, we provide some examples of activities designed by collaborating with content teachers based on websites, and then we analyse the effect they produced on students. We contrast the methodology used to propose tasks based on websites and those based on texts, and finally, evaluate their effect on the motivation of students. 相似文献
10.
“Necessity is the mother of invention,” as the saying goes, and in this case, it surely was. A telecommuting faculty for a
Midwest public university wanted to see a graduate student’s presentation as a guest speaker in an instructional technology
course on campus. However, this faculty lives in another state, so that was impossible. As a daily user and enthusiast of
Skype, she thought of using it to “attend” this presentation. Skype is a software-based Internet telephone and videophone
service for making free, computerto-computer voice calls over the Internet Pcmag.com Encyclopedia (n.d.). to anyone else who
is also using Skype. This article details the logistics involved in setting up and using Skype, with the assistance of an
on-site faculty member, for attending a presentation in real-time at a distance. 相似文献
11.
Rajaram Nityananda 《Resonance》2014,19(9):787-796
Standard presentations of optics concentrate on ideal systems made for imaging which bring all rays from a point source to one focus. But, in Nature, or in realistic optical systems with defects, rays do not behave precisely in this way. Rather than the focus simply being blurred, the rays, after reflection or refraction, form beautiful and rather universal patterns of bright lines known as caustics. Mathematically speaking, a family of rays is best viewed as a surface in a higher-dimensional space where we keep track of both the position and direction of rays. The intensity enhancement on approaching the caustic line is a singularity, arising from projection of a smooth surface from higher dimensions to lower dimensions. The universal features of such singularities, which arise in many contexts beyond optics, formed a major theme of Vladimir Arnold’s work after 1965, when he was exposed to René Thom’s vision of ‘catastrophe theory’. Arnold and his school made seminal contributions to singularity theory. 相似文献
12.
邓秋萍 《新疆教育学院学报》2006,22(3):129-131
韩礼德的功能语言学纯理功能的理论为我们从语言学角度解释说话者的意图提供了新的理论依据。本文试图根据该理论,从其中一个角度,即语篇功能角度,对两封短信所使用的语言进行对比分析,说明形式是意义的体现,说话者之所以选择某种表达方式是有其选择的目的和意义的,即选择就是意义。 相似文献
13.
David A. Greenwood 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2010,5(2):351-359
What is the role of education in wartime? To what extent should environmental and science educators directly address violent
conflict and a culture of prolonged war? This article gestures with empathy toward all educators who are working in wartime.
It posits that a critical pedagogy of place provides a theoretical framework that contextualizes all environmental work and
all education in the context of cultural politics. I argue that a fundamental component of a critical, place-based inquiry
must be acknowledging the contested history of colonization with respect to land (environment) and homeland (culture). I cannot
think of a place on the planet where this history is as complex and contested than it is in Israel and Palestine. However,
colonization and its legacy is a shared reality around the world, and acknowledging the context of colonization should not
be limited to inquiry in places where the bombs are still smoldering and where the rubble has yet to be cleared. Acknowledging
colonization may be especially appropriate in the US, where the historical record of militarized colonization remains hidden
behind the myths of global “progress” for the world’s remaining “superpower.” 相似文献
14.
Hiroaki Ishiguro 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2016,31(1):13-27
This research is a longitudinal, ethnographic study that focuses on mealtimes with one boy from 9 to 78 months of age in a day-care center in Japan. It looks at routine interactions between a child, his nursery teachers, and the environment, which is a shared and mutually available communicative space between participants in collaboration. The aim of this study is to clarify how the meal as a learning problem is “solved,” especially with young children whom the teacher cannot instruct verbally, and how the environment in which this takes place affects the process and is used in collaboration. The first part, a diachronic illustration of the child’s environment, in which all materials are organized as a total system to constrain his action, demonstrates the dynamic relation between his actions, the nursery teachers’ actions, and the environment. The second part presents the findings of a microanalysis of the interaction between a nursery teacher and the boy at 15 months, which is a critical transitional time from other-assisted to self-organized eating. It shows the close interdependence between the child’s environment and the teacher’s way of caring for him. The teachers generally used environmental modifications to assist his eating and to channel his actions toward their preferences. This study has demonstrated that children can learn much through an intentional arrangement of an artificial environment. 相似文献
15.
The authors of this paper are engaged in designing and developing telematic learning environments to assist in programmes of initial teacher training. Two aspects have been supported by European Union (EU) funded programmes: the Telematics for Teacher Training (T3) and Reflect projects. Telematics is a term describing the combined use of information technology and telecommunications. The authors are not searching for a pedagogy of telematics but are seeking ways in which telematics can assist pedagogy. Their work specifically addresses the question of whether it is possible to design such environments in a social constructivist paradigm and the evaluation of their work regularly returns to the theoretical model of learning central to their training programmes. The authors will show that whereas the aspect of video-conferencing keeps faith with their view of the nature of learning, the design of the website is raising some issues that have, as yet, to be resolved 相似文献
16.
观点是在教育工作中辨证看待严与宽的关系，要做到以下三点；制定一套科学实用的行为规则和目标要求；要有合理的奖惩制度；要建立以学生为核心的学生自我管理制度，正确处理宽严的关系是教育工作的关键。 相似文献
17.
Jeffrey S. Kress 《Journal of Jewish Education》2017,83(2):133-150
Mussar, an approach to character growth emerging as a movement in the 18th century, has increasingly been incorporated into contemporary Jewish education. The purpose of mussar—the cultivation of character—is consistent with the goals of Jewish day schools and other settings. This article examines the implementation of a mussar-based program in a Jewish community high school. Particular attention is given to questions raised by the introduction of this program into a pluralistic school setting. Implications are discussed in terms of the broader goals of Jewish education. 相似文献
18.
谈班风建设--兼谈高校班主任工作 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
吴为民 《遵义师范学院学报》2002,4(4):93-95
班风建设是形成良好校风的重要环节 ,必须充分认识班风建设的重要性 ,高校班主任应从几个重要方面抓好班风建设。 相似文献
19.
医院会计信息系统安全风险的防范 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
医院会计信息系统是医院管理信息系统中最重要的子系统，具有完整性、复杂性和重要性三个特征。在诸多因素的影响下，会计信息系统存在着很多潜在的安全风险。因此，必须对其安全风险的防范引起足够的重视。 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACT The current study examined the case of religious students who opted to study in a secular teacher-training college despite the fact that there are religious colleges that would have suited their needs. This phenomenon is unusual because the education system in Israel is segregated and each educational sector has its own teacher-training colleges. Findings of this qualitative study indicate that the majority of participants did not wish to depart from the religious framework, but rather sought to forge reciprocal relations with the secular society and carve a space for themselves where they could express their identity, which does not entirely conform to the demands of the religious society. These findings highlight an interesting dynamic that developing between students from a minority group and the mainstream secular society in Israel that promotes multiculturalism. An academic campus that adopts a multicultural approach is a safe space for minority students, whose sectorial framework does not fully provide for all their needs. 相似文献