共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Though the focus of this article is Australia, it is intended as a contribution to the debate about what was happening in the UK and elsewhere before football was codified by the Football Association in 1863. There is mounting evidence that a football culture existed far beyond the public schools and universities and that small-sided predominantly kicking games, often for monetary or other rewards, were being played by migrants to Australia who drew on their British heritage. Not only that but the game was being presented and encouraged by public authorities who would not have countenanced doing so had there been a risk of a breakdown in public order or violence accompanying the games. The article provides support for the arguments developed by Adrian Harvey in the UK. 相似文献
2.
Peter Swain 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(17):2212-2229
This article presents original and compelling new material in ‘the origins of football debate’, this time from the period 1852–1856, using the British Library's digitisation project of nineteenth-century newspapers. In so doing, it addresses the alleged disappearance of football in the wider community in mid-century, a problem that has troubled a number of scholars, not least because of the rapid expansion in the game amongst the working and lower middle classes from the 1870s onwards. In addressing this allegation it outlines a much broader and more stable footballing culture across the country than hitherto thought, based on games played at church, work and school outings, rural fetes and galas, alongside those played at celebrations and as street football or casual games in meadows, fields or greens, arguing that those historians who have simply looked for formal games were looking for the wrong forms of football in the wrong places, based on twentieth-century notions of what constitutes a ‘game’ of football. Overall, the article has added yet more evidence of the cultural continuity of football across the mid-century and contributed to the continuing demise of the so-called ‘dominant paradigm’ in the ‘origins of football’ debate. 相似文献
3.
《Sport in History》2013,33(4):519-543
This article presents extensive new material in ‘the origins of football debate’ by using the British Library's digitisation project of nineteenth-century newspapers. In so doing, it responds to claims from Graham Curry and Eric Dunning that previous works of the ‘revisionist historians’ John Goulstone, Adrian Harvey and Peter Swain are misleading and have led to hasty conclusions. It evidences a football culture beyond the domain of the public schools and highlights the shift in the locus of games from urban areas to paddocks and fields complying with the Highways and Police Acts. This compliance reduced the number of prosecutions covered in newspaper reports of the day but other games, in which misdemeanours took place, are recorded, suggesting that a broad football culture did still exist in this period. The article rejects Curry and Dunning's thesis surrounding a mid-century ‘civilising spurt’ in sport in favour of explanations surrounding the structural changes taking place in the nineteenth century, including increasing industrialisation, urbanisation, population growth, and migrationary movements. It also emphasises the emergence of a horizontally stratified class-based society and an attack on football games from an emerging social and industrial elite who were looking after their property and commercial interests. 相似文献
4.
Peter Swain 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(3):251-271
This paper seeks to defend one part of what has become known as the ‘revisionist’ account of the historiography of football in nineteenth-century England. In so doing, it responds to the critique by Tony Collins in his article ‘Early Football and the Emergence of Modern Soccer’ between 1840 and 1880, calling into question the reliance in his arguments of what he describes as ‘legal organized games’ as the only measure of a football culture outside of the public schools. His classification of small-sided games of football as an ‘informal leisure practice or folk custom’ is also interrogated and found wanting. Alternatively, further evidence is presented from 1860 of football games played in a variety of forms, usually alongside other sports, and mainly on church, works’ or schools’ outings, at rural fetes, galas and celebrations, or as street or casual football, the latter taking place in meadows, fields, and greens. Importantly, these were predominantly small-sided games and are, arguably, the ones closest to Association football, as it was codified in 1863, and constituted a broad, tenacious, and increasingly visible football culture that existed amongst the general population across mid-century uninfluenced by the public schools and public school boys. 相似文献
5.
欧洲球场观众暴力问题的研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
球场观众暴力一直伴随着足球。英国不仅是现代足球的鼻祖,而且也是球场观众暴力、足球流氓的传统发源地。1960年以来,球场观众暴力在英国和其它欧洲国家的发展与蔓延,引起了一些学者的关注与研究。首先介绍了欧洲球场观众暴力的简要历史,然后重点通报了英国在球场观众暴力问题研究上所做的工作、主要理论和其它欧洲国家的研究状况。为我国今后在球场观众暴力方面的进一步研究提供参考。 相似文献
6.
Rivalry games – or derbies – are special. They involve emotions and identities that reach way beyond the playing field. This article submits that the emotional content and normative expression of college football rivalries in the United States are less defined by the respective teams’ actual athletic results in the competition but rather by their institutions’ perceived prestige as well as their social and cultural capital encapsulated by their academic ranking. Fans of the institution that is lower ranked in its academic status display envy towards their opponents representing an institution with higher academic ranking, whereas the latter express scorn for the former. They both hate each other but the nature of their respective hatred differs: envy up, scorn down. The paper analyses a bevy of college rivalries before focusing on two featuring the University of Michigan. 相似文献
7.
Annabel Kiernan 《Soccer & Society》2017,18(7):880-895
The creation of a new non-league community-led football team, borne out of opposition to the commercialization of the modern fan experience, presents a range of challenges both on and off the football pitch. FC United of Manchester emerged from the fan protests at the Glazer family takeover of Manchester United FC (MUFC) in 2005. Positioning itself in direct opposition to the corporatization of league football, it has come to prominence as a model of democratic and innovative cooperative social enterprise and, as such, a viable alternative for football fan self-organization. The sustainability of the FC United model requires long-term financial and cultural security. This article applies Hirschman’s lexicon of exit, voice and loyalty to the process of dislocation of fans from MUFC and their relocation to an area of relative deprivation in east Manchester to illuminate the challenges of creating shared community assets between an extant community and football’s arrivistes. 相似文献
8.
王欣 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(10):18-19,34
中国国奥男子足球队在北京奥运会足球比赛上的表现大家看得清清楚楚,虽然国奥队在比赛前国人都寄予了厚望,但通过三场比赛,我们看到了中国足球同世界足球的差距,特别是同世界二流球队的比赛,我们的体力、技战术水平、足球意识都与世界二流球队有一定的差距,更不用说和世界主流球队的差距了。本文主要从国奥队技战术水平、心理素质、足球意识等方面阐述中国足球与世界足球的差距,让我们看到中国足球的不足,以及如何学习国外先进的足球理念和技术,并能在实际运用中加以消化和利用。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
K. Manuel Veth 《Soccer & Society》2017,18(1):132-143
This article focuses on the Soviet sports agency Sovintersport, which was created in the late 1980s and became an import–export company for everything related to sport in the Soviet Union. Sovintersport and its subsidiary companies were responsible for importing and exporting sporting equipment, negotiating sponsorship contracts with foreign companies, as well as the transferring of Soviet athletes and coaches to other countries. This article will, therefore, analyse the operations of Sovintersport and its subsidiary companies in the period between 1987 and 1991, with a special focus on foot-ball related operations. Sovintersport is in many ways is an excellent case study, which illustrates how international trading corporations that were set up during Gorbachev’s reign of the Soviet Union, operated. Sovintersport demonstrates how football in the Soviet Union turned from a spectator sport into a valuable asset that was worth capitalizing on. 相似文献
12.
Peter Swain 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(5):631-649
This article seeks to add to the growing volume of evidence of a broad, tenacious and visible footballing culture throughout nineteenth-century Britain. It is argued that football persisted among the general population in a variety of forms, none of which required the assistance or involvement of the public schools or public schoolboys to ensure its survival as some historians had previously believed. Indeed, the sheer number of games, evidenced in a variety of forms and a variety of settings, suggests beyond reasonable doubt that most forms of football being played across the country were not formal matches but small-sided games played on church, works' or schools' outings, at rural fetes, galas and celebrations, or as street or casual football, the latter taking place on meadows, fields and greens. Contrary to orthodox historians, these games did survive through mid-century. Importantly, these were predominantly small-sided games and are the ones which are closest to Association football as it was codified in 1863 and hence of most interest to the debate on origins. Common sense then dictates that football can be seen as a cultural continuity, especially as far as the traditions of male youth are concerned, across the nineteenth century. 相似文献
13.
唐永亮 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(9):79-79,129
足球游戏教学,就是在足球教学过程中充分发挥足球游戏特性与优势所进行的一系列足球教学活动。足球游戏重要的优势在于能够营造一种良好的学习氛围,创设适宜的足球运动环境,使得足球教学更富有娱乐性与趣味性,它是足球教学中的一种重要的教学方式与运动手段。本文将结合目前高校体育教学现状,就足球游戏教学在足球教学中的积极意义、应用过程以及注意问题进行集中阐述。 相似文献
14.
Science and Gaelic football: a review 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This review focuses on Gaelic football and scientific reports of the characteristics of its players and the demands of the game. Anthropometric characteristics vary according to positional role, but top players display high muscularity and good all-round fitness at the peak of the competitive season. Match analysis indicates that exercise intensity is roughly equivalent to that for professional soccer. Average heart rates are approximately 160 beats x min(-1) during competitive matches, and average oxygen consumption is about 72% of maximum. Metabolic fatigue in active muscles is unlikely. Conventional biomechanical and electromyographic techniques are useful in gaining insight into individual games skills. Inadequate attention has been given to injury prevention and to psychological aspects of the game. Although possessing unique characteristics, Gaelic football has many similarities with other football codes, especially Australian Rules football where the ball is played by both hands and feet and where tackling is permitted. 相似文献
15.
This review focuses on Gaelic football and scientific reports of the characteristics of its players and the demands of the game. Anthropometric characteristics vary according to positional role, but top players display high muscularity and good all-round fitness at the peak of the competitive season. Match analysis indicates that exercise intensity is roughly equivalent to that for professional soccer. Average heart rates are approximately 160 beats· min-1 during competitive matches, and average oxygen consumption is about 72% of maximum. Metabolic fatigue in active muscles is unlikely. Conventional biomechanical and electromyographic techniques are useful in gaining insight into individual games skills. Inadequate attention has been given to injury prevention and to psychological aspects of the game. Although possessing unique characteristics, Gaelic football has many similarities with other football codes, especially Australian Rules football where the ball is played by both hands and feet and where tackling is permitted. 相似文献
16.
体育院系学生足球普修阶段运动损伤的发生规律及预防 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
足球是一项对抗激烈的运动，身体损伤较为常见。在体育院系学生的足球普修阶段，同样也经常发生，这对学生的身心健康影响较大。因此，探索足球运动的损伤规律，分析其原因并提出有效的预防措施，以最大限度地避免或减少损伤的发生，对增强学生体质，顺利地完成教学任务，有着极为重要的作用。 相似文献
17.
第24届世界大冬会中国运动员发挥主场优势的策略 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了使中国代表团在第24届世界大学生冬季运动会上取得历史最好成绩,运用文献分析等方法指出主场优、劣势的客观存在,认为气候、旅途、赛场环境、观众气氛、裁判等为主场的优势影响因素;压力过大、干扰过多等主场的劣势影响因素。提出充分利用主场环境条件、正确处理人文社会条件、客观看待比赛结果的评定和加强运动员对信息的心理调控能力等具体措施,发挥中国运动员的主场优势,为进一步提升中国冬季项目的整体竞争力提供参考。 相似文献
18.
运用文献资料与访谈法对我国足球场观众暴力的原因进行了研究,分析以下几个原因:裁判的影响、社会原因、项目本身的特点、安检与警察问题以及球场内部暴力的影响等. 相似文献
19.
通过对第18届、第19届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段的进球、红黄牌以及比赛阵型运用等情况进行统计分析,探讨了世界杯足球赛决赛阶段的进球规律和特点,以及现代足球发展的趋势。旨在进一步了解世界足球强队在比赛中技战术的运用情况,为我国足球教学训练提供参考依据。 相似文献
20.
Over the last two decades there has been a growth in research directly related to football. Although most of this research is focused on soccer (association football), there has been a steady increase in publications related to the other football codes. There is evidence of more systematic training and selection influencing the anthropometric profiles of players who compete at the highest level. Fitness is being optimized to cope with match demands while accommodating the need for specific requirements of positional roles. There is evidence of work rate being higher in contemporary football games than in previous decades, with consequences for training and dietary practices. Notation analysis of actions during matches is now used regularly to provide detailed objective feedback on performance to players and coaches. Training regimens are designed for game-specific purposes where possible. Sports psychologists working in a football context have a more eclectic body of knowledge to draw from. In the professional soccer clubs, the rewards associated with a successful investment in youth academies have helped to focus attention on talent identification and development models. It is a challenge to those specializing in science and football to contribute to the success of such schemes. 相似文献