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非正规教育机构在发展和支持公众理解科学中的重要性本文系美国伊利诺伊州科技研究所朱迪·S·莱德曼(Judith S. Lederman)教授于2017年5月22日在中国科学技术馆举行的科技博物馆理论研讨会第七次会议上所做的主旨报告，本文的翻译和发表获得了作者的授权。 
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下载免费PDF全文 实现科学教育改革愿景并提高公民科学素质的唯一方法就是使科学探究和科学本质同面向所有学生的科学机构结合起来。非正规环境中的教育者可通过多种方式影响公众对科学、科学探究和科学知识本质的理解,而这是正规教育难以实现的。因此,非正规教育工作者自己需要理解科学探究和科学本质的内容,并有效利用非正规教育环境向公众传达上述理解。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTHealth information skills in an electronic environment are essential to health science librarians, who serve as educators both within and outside of their health training institutions. This reflective study was conducted to examine the application of online health information skills obtained from the training provided for librarians who are working in health settings. Health sciences librarians, as future information skills educators, therefore need to possess their own health information skill sets. Capacity building is vital in order to promote the development of health information skills for health sciences librarians who can then teach and advocate the concept of health information skills on the Internet within and outside of their places of work. 相似文献
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B G Roth 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1978,66(1):14-18
Libraries today, including most hospital-based patients' libraries, are involved only peripherally in providing patient health science information. Hospital libraries should collaborate with health professionals in getting health information to patients--along with the library's more traditional roles of providing recreational reading for patients and serving the informational needs of the physician and medical staff. The library should act as the center for educational materials and programs within the hospital. Many health agencies, health educators, physicians, and librarians have been discussing the need for patient health education, but there are few effectively organized or established education centers. This paper discusses an overview of patient health education and intellectural freedom, proposes a new role for the existing hospital library in patient health education, and suggests guidelines for establishing a patient education center. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]国外健康科学数据管理实践实现了健康科学数据的高效利用并促进了开放科学的发展,总结国外实践能为国内健康科学数据管理提供借鉴和启示。[研究设计/方法]基于科学数据管理能力成熟度模型和健康科学数据生命周期理论,构建了健康科学数据管理框架,从健康科学数据的管理计划、采集与评价、组织与保存、共享与再利用四个方面分析了国外健康科学数据管理实践。[结论/发现]国外基金委、科研机构和图书馆将健康科学数据管理计划提交设为科研项目的必要环节,数据安全保护是国外健康科学数据管理的重要议题。基于国外成熟经验,本研究从加强基金委与科研机构层面的健康科学数据管理计划制定、完善健康科学数据采集与评价体系、依托地方/高校图书馆建设健康科学数据仓储、权衡健康科学数据共享利用与数据安全间关系四个方面对国内健康科学数据管理实践给予建议。[创新/价值]将科学数据管理能力成熟度模型引入健康信息学领域,弥补了图书情报领域对于健康科学数据管理理论和管理实践研究的不足。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 自2007年以来,我国图情领域每年发表的期刊论文均已超过2万篇,现以CNKI发布的数据为例,揭示这些期刊论文的写作选题及其研究特点可在一定程度上反映我国图情领域当前的研究风格,也可为我国图情学科研究人员把握学科发展脉络和拓展研究思路提供参考。[方法/过程] 综合应用理论归纳法和比较研究法,从选题角度、来源素材、研究方法、写作思路等4个维度梳理图情学科当前的研究模式,总结提炼出我国图情学科的7种研究模式,并以图情学科2015-2017年18种核心期刊所刊载的论文为研究对象,从7种研究模式的总体数量分布、发表年份分布、期刊分布和作者机构分布等方面进行定量分析。[结果/结论] 我国图情学科7种研究模式在理论创作主体、期刊主题导向、实际应用场景和现代技术发展的综合驱动下呈现出不同特点。具体体现为：新兴理念与技术的应用探索研究开创了图情实践活动的新场景;基于文献信息资源的理论总结研究已成为当前主流研究模式;面向一线业务的应用剖析研究丰富了图情学科的研究体系;数理统计的应用研究拓展了图情学科的研究方法;现代信息技术发展背景下催生的计算机软件应用和算法设计研究开阔了图情学科的研究视角;学科融合模式为图情学科开展跨界研究提供了新渠道。 相似文献
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沈祖荣沈宝环父子分别为中国大陆和台湾地区图书馆学教育先驱,他们的图书馆学教育思想在不同时空下表现出了惊人的相似。沈祖荣沈宝环图书馆学教育思想来源于他们中西结合的教育背景、丰富的图书馆活动实践和图书馆学教育实践,具有十分丰富的内涵。他们认为图书馆学教育是国家图书馆事业发展的关键,事关国家的荣辱兴衰;主张图书馆学教育要本土化,提倡通才教育,注重理论与实践相结合,采用多种方法教学,在理论研究、课程设置等方面与时俱进,注重培养图书馆职业精神等,这些思想相互联系,相辅相成,构成了较为完整和科学的图书馆学教育思想体系。沈祖荣沈宝环图书馆学教育思想的当代价值在于:激励学生坚定对图书馆事业的信念,推动图书馆学教育本土化,培养通才式的图书馆员,建设具有中国特色的图书馆学,并为当今图书馆学教育的改革与发展提供启示和借鉴。 相似文献
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《Library & information science research》2021,43(4):101124
Methodological transparency facilitates rigorous, trustworthy, and reliable mixed methods research (MMR). Because divergent views on the conceptualization of mixed methods can create confusion for researchers, methodological transparency can help researchers to replicate methods in other studies and attract them to mixed methods research. Many studies have been conducted to assess the utilization of mixed methods research in several disciplines, but few in library and information science (LIS) have studied how authors describe the methods used. This study investigated the clarity and detail provided about methodology in mixed methods research articles in LIS, focusing on South Africa and Nigeria. Content analysis was used to assess 104 doctoral theses, of which 10 used mixed methods. Results suggest that methodological transparency in MMR research is underrepresented in LIS. This study contributes to the discussion on how LIS can enhance the quality of mixed methods research studies by underscoring the importance of methodological transparency in such studies. Researchers and LIS educators can use the gaps identified by this study to use and report mixed methods appropriately in future research. 相似文献
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性别与科学数字图书馆是NSF NSDL基金支持的一个合作项目。虽然它在服务对象、主题创意、资源组织等方面有许多亮点，但是该项目仅仅开展了四年就天折了。除了合作机构和人事变动等特殊原因外，该项目的立项选题、工作流程设计、内容组织等方面也存在不少问题。笔者沿袭案例课堂的内容框架，从资源组织、技术特征、服务特征、管理特征和评价建议几个方面对该项目进行了点评，以期为今后数图发展提供可借鉴之处。 相似文献
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Science museums play a role in creating visitor experiences that relate to contemporary issues in science, and in linking audiences to the scientific enterprise and the community of scientists. In the Portal to the Public approach, science researchers are trained by museum educators with experience in inquiry‐based learning, and are then given opportunities to translate their current research for museum audiences. Portal to the Public offers one solution to museums seeking to sustain a commitment to delivering experiences that reflect the dynamic pace of research, and the need to connect local communities to scientific research occurring in their midst. 相似文献
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Julie K. Gaines Lindsay Blake Gail Kouame Kathy J. Davies Darra Ballance V. Thomas Gaddy 《Medical reference services quarterly》2018,37(3):249-265
Librarians and medical educators analyzed the quality of information resources used by first- and second-year medical students in their case-based small group learning summaries. Librarians provided instruction on using library resources and gave formal feedback to students about appropriate resources for basic science and clinical questions. The team found that students used a high number of clinical and basic science journal articles and textbooks with a number of factors influencing their resource choices. The study demonstrates numerous areas where librarians can play a key role in assisting students to find and assess information to answer clinical questions. 相似文献
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Laura Cobus 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2008,96(1):28-33
Objective: The paper reviews the core competencies for public health professionals presented in the Institute of Medicine''s (IOM''s) report, Who Will Keep the Public Healthy: Educating Public Health Professionals for the 21st Century; describes improving information literacy (IL) as a mechanism for integrating the core competencies in public health education; and showcases IL as an opportunity for solidifying partnerships between academic librarians and public health educators.Methods: The IOM competencies, along with explicit examples of library support from a literature review of current IL trends in the health sciences, are analyzed.Results: Librarians can play a fundamental role in implementing the IOM''s core competencies in shaping public health education for the twenty-first century. A partnership between public health educators and librarians through a transdisciplinary approach is recommended.Conclusions: IL skills and competencies integrated into public health curricula through a collaborative partnership between public health educators and librarians can help integrate the IOM''s core competencies and improve public health education.
Highlights
- Exploring and solidifying transdisciplinary partnerships with public health educators and librarians through curriculum-integrated information literacy (IL) is one avenue to continue successful education of public health professionals.
Implications
- Librarians can be considered public health collaborators essential to the twenty-first century education of health professionals.
- Future research is required to effectively evaluate the best practices of curriculum-integrated IL into public health education.
- Transdisciplinary research is advantageous for achieving the shared goal of educating public health professionals.
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ABSTRACTThe University of Manitoba's Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library is a recognized leader in Indigenous and circumpolar health for establishing the Aboriginal Health Collection in 1997, the first discrete collection of materials on the health of Indigenous peoples located in an academic health sciences library in Canada. This article describes the history, development, and scope of what is now known as the Indigenous Health Collection. In June 2015, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) issued the calls to action as part of its mandate to gather information and document the history of Indian Residential Schools and their legacy for all Canadians. The ninety-four calls to action provide clear guidance to governments, institutions, and people to initiate changes to address the legacy in a spirit of true reconciliation. The Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library was uniquely positioned to respond to the TRC calls to action. The enduring legacy of the residential schools and other discriminatory government policies is one that continues to impact the health status of many people in Canada who identify as Indigenous, First Nations, Metis, Inuit, or Aboriginal. The Indigenous Health Collection includes materials on the health, wellness, and lived experience of Indigenous peoples, the determinants that impact health, and publications documenting community-based and academic research and knowledge. This article provides an example of how an academic health sciences library used the seven TRC calls to action related to health as a framework to assess the resources and collections relied on by educators and students in the health professions. 相似文献
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S. Craig Finlay Chaoqun NiAuthor VitaeCassidy R. SugimotoAuthor Vitae 《Library & information science research》2012
There has been a longstanding debate about the merits of collaborative research, with most studies focusing on the citation advantage of such research. However, citation studies provide only one lens on the issues. New methods of inquiry are necessary to incorporate other audiences of scholarly literature. Reader response surveys were used to evaluate the quality of collaborative versus single-authored research. Graduate students in three sections of the same library and information science course during the 2010 academic year used surveys to rate each week's assigned readings according to overall quality, usefulness for class discussion, and enjoyability. Students voted whether to keep each article in the reading list for the following semester. Data were analyzed to compare results for single-author versus multi-author works. Multi-author works were favored over single-author. These findings provide another layer of empirical support for the benefits of collaborative research and inform both scientometricians and educators. 相似文献
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不对称信息经济学在我国图书馆学研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
不对称信息经济学是以不对称信息为特殊视角对信息、经济关系问题展开分析的理论成果.不对称信息经济学在图书馆学研究中的应用总体上仍处于初步阶段,其中委托代理理论与激励机制设计、信息形式及效用在图书馆学研究中应用较广泛,不利选择与道德风险、团队理论、拍卖与投标、市场信号理论等处于应用探索阶段,最优税制、格罗斯曼一斯蒂格利茨悖论、信息搜寻等理论在图书馆学研究中的应用几为空白.随着研究的深化,不对称信息经济学在图书馆学研究中的应用必将出现量的突破与质的提升.表1.图1.参考文献9. 相似文献
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Abstract This paper presents a narrative analysis of an elementary school student's view of his visit to an astronomy science center in South Africa. We illustrate the power of narrative in illuminating the importance of the student's perspective in understanding the conditions for learning in a museum setting. Using principles of narrative presentation, the paper describes Tlotlo's thinking throughout his participation in a school visit to the visitors' center at a radio telescope. The paper discusses six features of the visit: student misconceptions; inadequate preparation and followup; memories and imaginings; enjoyment; discussing the visit afterwards; and socioeconomic constraints on visits. These features are examined within the context of a developing country: both confirming previous research on school visits and providing new insights into how such visits can be interpreted. The significance of narrative analysis for science center educators is discussed and suggested as appropriate for current research in museums. 相似文献
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It is well known that a number of research outcomes are not reported (the so‐called ‘file drawer problem’). It is generally assumed that what is not reported are ‘negative results’. Our study approaches the issue from a new angle by exploring what researchers perceive to be ‘unpublishable’. A survey regarding ‘unpublishables’ was sent out to 2,535 faculty members at Indiana University. Forty of these individuals consented to in‐depth interviews, which more fully explored these academics' views on the issue of unpublishable work. Our results indicate that there are several types of research besides negative results that are perceived to be unpublishable yet worthy of publication. Moreover, there is a great diversity within and across disciplines as to what constitutes ‘unpublishable’ research. Respondents indicated that academic discourse would benefit from the formal dissemination of papers that included inconclusive or null results, as well as replication and refutation studies. The results of our study suggest that there is a perceived gap in scholarly communication, which is to the detriment of science. These results can be used by administrators, educators, and publishers in order to refine scholarly communication practices so as to create a more robust, accurate literature and to inform future generations of researchers. 相似文献
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Elaine M. Lasda Bergman 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(3):154-175
To determine the mix of resources used in social gerontology research, a citation analysis was conducted. A representative sample of citations was selected from three prominent gerontology journals and information was added to determine subject scatter and database coverage for the cited materials. Results indicate that a significant portion of gerontology research, even from a social science perspective, relies roughly equally on medical resources as it does social science resources. Furthermore, there is a small but defined core of literature constituting scholarly “territory” unique to gerontology. Analysis of database indexing indicated that broad, interdisciplinary databases provide more comprehensive coverage of the cited materials than do subject-specific databases. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(48):199-221
Research methodologies in several of the social sciences require the use of tests. When assisting social science researchers who seek information on tests, reference librarians do no, themselves, always have direct access to the instruments. Librarians should not only have the knowledge that various print and electronic database resources are available to gain needed information, but they should also have a strategy by which these sources can be searched in an expedient and thorough manner. This paper offers such a search strategy which can be used with the materials commonly found in a large research or a specialized test library. 相似文献