共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Jun Ge Da Ma Yanzhao Liu Huichao Wang Yanan Li Jiawei Luo Tianchuang Luo Ying Xing Jiaqiang Yan David Mandrus Haiwen Liu X C Xie Jian Wang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(12):1879
Berry phase and Berry curvature play a key role in the development of topology in physics and do contribute to the transport properties in solid state systems. In this paper, we report the finding of novel nonzero Hall effect in topological material ZrTe5 flakes when the in-plane magnetic field is parallel and perpendicular to the current. Surprisingly, both symmetric and antisymmetric components with respect to magnetic field are detected in the in-plane Hall resistivity. Further theoretical analysis suggests that the magnetotransport properties originate from the anomalous velocity induced by Berry curvature in a tilted Weyl semimetal. Our work not only enriches the Hall family but also provides new insights into the Berry phase effect in topological materials. 相似文献
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Jun Ge Yanzhao Liu Jiaheng Li Hao Li Tianchuang Luo Yang Wu Yong Xu Jian Wang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(8):1280
The quantum Hall effect (QHE) with quantized Hall resistance of h/νe2 started the research on topological quantum states and laid the foundation of topology in physics. Since then, Haldane proposed the QHE without Landau levels, showing nonzero Chern number |C| = 1, which has been experimentally observed at relatively low temperatures. For emerging physics and low-power-consumption electronics, the key issues are how to increase the working temperature and realize high Chern numbers (C > 1). Here, we report the experimental discovery of high-Chern-number QHE (C = 2) without Landau levels and C = 1 Chern insulator state displaying a nearly quantized Hall resistance plateau above the Néel temperature in MnBi2Te4 devices. Our observations provide a new perspective on topological matter and open new avenues for exploration of exotic topological quantum states and topological phase transitions at higher temperatures. 相似文献
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When quasiparticles move in condensed matters, the texture of their internal quantum structure as a function of position and momentum can give rise to Berry phases that have profound effects on the material’s properties. Seminal examples include the anomalous Hall and spin Hall effects from the momentum-space Berry phases in homogeneous crystals. Here, we explore a conjugate form of the electron Berry phase arising from the moiré pattern: the texture of atomic configurations in real space. In homobilayer transition metal dichalcogenides, we show that the real-space Berry phase from moiré patterns manifests as a periodic magnetic field with magnitudes of up to hundreds of Tesla. This quantity distinguishes moiré patterns from different origins, which can have an identical potential landscape, but opposite quantized magnetic flux per supercell. For low-energy carriers, the homobilayer moirés realize topological flux lattices for the quantum-spin Hall effect. An interlayer bias can continuously tune the spatial profile of the moiré magnetic field, whereas the flux per supercell is a topological quantity that can only have a quantized jump observable at a moderate bias. We also reveal the important role of the non-Abelian Berry phase in shaping the energy landscape in small moiré patterns. Our work points to new possibilities to access ultra-high magnetic fields that can be tailored to the nanoscale by electrical and mechanical controls. 相似文献
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《国家科学评论(英文版)》2014,(1)
he discovery of topological insulators and superconductors is an important advance in condensed mater physics.Topological phases relect global properties of the quantum states in materials,and the boundary states are the characteristic of the materials.Such phases constitute a new branch in condensed mater physics.Here a historic development is briely introduced,and the known family of phases in condensed mater are summarized. 相似文献
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Topological photonics is an emerging research area that focuses on the topological states of classical light. Here we reveal the topological phases that are intrinsic to the quantum nature of light, i.e. solely related to the quantized Fock states and the inhomogeneous coupling strengths between them. The Hamiltonian of two cavities coupled with a two-level atom is an intrinsic one-dimensional Su-Schriefer-Heeger model of Fock states. By adding another cavity, the Fock-state lattice is extended to two dimensions with a honeycomb structure, where the strain due to the inhomogeneous coupling strengths of the annihilation operator induces a Lifshitz topological phase transition between a semimetal and three band insulators within the lattice. In the semimetallic phase, the strain is equivalent to a pseudomagnetic field, which results in the quantization of the Landau levels and the valley Hall effect. We further construct an inhomogeneous Fock-state Haldane model where the topological phases can be characterized by the topological markers. With d cavities being coupled to the atom, the lattice is extended to d − 1 dimensions without an upper limit. In this study we demonstrate a fundamental distinction between the topological phases in quantum and classical optics and provide a novel platform for studying topological physics in dimensions higher than three. 相似文献
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Ce Huang Awadhesh Narayan Enze Zhang Xiaoyi Xie Linfeng Ai Shanshan Liu Changjiang Yi Youguo Shi Stefano Sanvito Faxian Xiu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(9):1468
WTe2, as a type-II Weyl semimetal, has 2D Fermi arcs on the (001) surface in the bulk and 1D helical edge states in its monolayer. These features have recently attracted wide attention in condensed matter physics. However, in the intermediate regime between the bulk and monolayer, the edge states have not been resolved owing to its closed band gap which makes the bulk states dominant. Here, we report the signatures of the edge superconductivity by superconducting quantum interference measurements in multilayer WTe2 Josephson junctions and we directly map the localized supercurrent. In thick WTe2 (, the supercurrent is uniformly distributed by bulk states with symmetric Josephson effect (). In thin WTe2 (10 nm), however, the supercurrent becomes confined to the edge and its width reaches up to and exhibits non-symmetric behavior . The ability to tune the edge domination by changing thickness and the edge superconductivity establishes WTe2 as a promising topological system with exotic quantum phases and a rich physics. 相似文献
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Huichao Wang Yanzhao Liu Yongjie Liu Chuanying Xi Junfeng Wang Jun Liu Yong Wang Liang Li Shu Ping Lau Mingliang Tian Jiaqiang Yan David Mandrus Ji-Yan Dai Haiwen Liu Xincheng Xie Jian Wang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(5):914
Discrete-scale invariance (DSI) is a phenomenon featuring intriguing log-periodicity that can be rarely observed in quantum systems. Here, we report the log-periodic quantum oscillations in the longitudinal magnetoresistivity (ρxx) and the Hall traces (ρyx) of HfTe5 crystals, which reveal the DSI in the transport-coefficients matrix. The oscillations in ρxx and ρyx show the consistent logB-periodicity with a phase shift. The finding of the logB oscillations in the Hall resistance supports the physical mechanism as a general quantum effect originating from the resonant scattering. Combined with theoretical simulations, we further clarify the origin of the log-periodic oscillations and the DSI in the topological materials. This work evidences the universality of the DSI in the Dirac materials and provides indispensable information for a full understanding of this novel phenomenon. 相似文献
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Guo Tian Wenda Yang Deyang Chen Zhen Fan Zhipeng Hou Marin Alexe Xingsen Gao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(4):684
Multiferroic nanostructures have been attracting tremendous attention over the past decade, due to their rich cross-coupling effects and prospective electronic applications. In particular, the emergence of some exotic phenomena in size-confined multiferroic systems, including topological domain states such as vortices, center domains, and skyrmion bubble domains, has opened a new avenue to a number of intriguing physical properties and functionalities, and thus underpins a wide range of applications in future nanoelectronic devices. It is also highly appreciated that nano-domain engineering provides a pathway to control the magnetoelectric properties, which is promising for future energy-efficient spintronic devices. In recent years, this field, still in its infancy, has witnessed a rapid development and a number of challenges too. In this article, we shall review the recent advances in the emergent domain-related exotic phenomena in multiferroic nanostructures. Specific attention is paid to the topological domain structures and related novel physical behaviors as well as the electric-field-driven magnetic switching via domain engineering. This review will end with a discussion of future challenges and potential directions. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2004,18(3):129-130
By making good use of certain quantum physics properties such as entanglement,teleportation and superposition, a quantum computer has the potential to be much more powerful than a classical computer of the same size.Although quantum-mechanical entanglement of three or four particles has been achieved experimentally, and has been used to demonstrate the extreme contradiction between quantum mechanics and local realism, the realization of five-particle entanglement, until recently, remains an experimental challenge. As reported in the July 1 issue of Nature, Prof. Pan Jianwei (Jian-Wei Pan) and his colleagues at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in Hefei have succeeded for the first time in the world in entangling five photons and demonstrating a process called "open-destination teleportation". This is another highlight of Prof. Pan' s work since the periodical published an article on experimental entanglement purification of arbitrary unknown states on May 22 in 2003. 相似文献
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尼耳斯·玻尔关于原子结构的量子理论在1913—1925年占据原子和分子物理学主流地位。这一理论不仅在理论上有创新之处,在经验上也十分成功,这一点成为人们在早期接受该理论的主要原因。玻尔本人十分热衷于实验预测和实验检验,从未忘记一个好的物理学理论必须与实验结果一致。本文将概述玻尔原始理论的一些不太为人所知的相关实验,继而介绍他在1921—1923年提出的修正模型。玻尔雄心勃勃地希望在此模型中能够用元素的电子组态来解释周期系。在本文结尾部分,笔者将简述玻尔轨道原子模型向基于海森伯量子力学的新原子理论的过渡。 相似文献
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《国家科学评论(英文版)》2014,(1)
he behavior of individual microscopic particles,such as an atom(or a photon),predicted using quantum mechanics,is dramatically diferent from the behavior of classical particles,such as a planet,determined using classical mechanics.How can the counter-intuitive behavior of the microscopic particle be veriied and manipulated experimentally?David Wineland and Serge Haroche,who were awarded the Nobel Priz in physics in 2012,developed a set of methods to isolate the ions and photons from their environment to create a genuine quantum system.Furthermore,they also developed methods to measure and manipulate these quantum systems,which open a path not only to explore the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics,but also to develop a much faster computer:a quantum computer. 相似文献
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Staley R 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2005,96(4):530-558
While the concept of "classical physics" has long framed our understanding of the environment from which modern physics emerged, it has consistently been read back into a period in which the physicists concerned initially considered their work in quite other terms. This essay explores the shifting currency of the rich cultural image of the classical/ modern divide by tracing empirically different uses of "classical" within the physics community from the 1890s to 1911. A study of fin-de-siècle addresses shows that the earliest general uses of the concept proved controversial. Our present understanding of the term was in large part shaped by its incorporation (in different ways) within the emerging theories of relativity and quantum theory--where the content of "classical" physics was defined by proponents of the new. Studying the diverse ways in which Boltzmann, Larmor, Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowski, and Planck invoked the term "classical" will help clarify the critical relations between physicists' research programs and their use of worldview arguments in fashioning modern physics. 相似文献
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原子核外电子在外界磁场作用下的轨道运动会对高速运动的电子磁矩产生一个反向的作用效果,从而导致物质具有抗磁性等宏观效应。那么在电动机的感应线圈中为什么没有类似的现象呢？这是大学物理教学过程中,很多学生比较疑惑的地方,这里我们通过分析这两种模型,做一个简要说明。 相似文献
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随着我国现代化社会的不断发展,我国的教育也发展得有声有色,在新时期下,我国的高等教育呈现了全面开花的态势。材料物理是物理学的一个分支,是物理学的重要组成部分。材料物理学主要是对一些电子材料、物理元件或者是微电子元件进行研究的专业,如今我国的材料物理专业整体还存在着一定的劣势。本文对新时期材料物理专业教学体系的现状以及改革措施进行了分析与探究。 相似文献
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Zheng Liu Ye-Xin Wang Yu-Hui Fang Si-Xue Qin Zhe-Ming Wang Shang-Da Jiang Song Gao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(10):1557
Quantum information processing based on magnetic ions has potential for applications as the ions can be modified in their electronic properties and assembled by a variety of chemical methods. For these systems to achieve individual spin addressability and high energy efficiency, we exploited the electric field as a tool to manipulate the quantum behaviours of the rare-earth ion which has strong spin-orbit coupling. A Ce:YAG single crystal was employed with considerations to the dynamics and the symmetry requirements. The Stark effect of the Ce3+ ion was observed and measured. When demonstrated as a quantum phase gate, the electric field manipulation exhibited high efficiency which allowed up to 57 π/2 operations before decoherence with optimized field direction. It was also utilized to carry out quantum bang-bang control, as a method of dynamic decoupling, and the refined Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. Our experiments highlighted rare-earth ions as potentially applicable qubits because they offer enhanced spin-electric coupling which enables high-efficiency quantum manipulation. 相似文献
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Yao Wang Chong Sheng Yong-Heng Lu Jun Gao Yi-Jun Chang Xiao-Ling Pang Tian-Huai Yang Shi-Ning Zhu Hui Liu Xian-Min Jin 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(9):1476
Though it is still a big challenge to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics in modern physics, the theory of quantum field related with the gravitational effect has been well developed and some striking phenomena are predicted, such as Hawking radiation. However, the direct measurement of these quantum effects under general relativity is far beyond present experiment techniques. Fortunately, the emulation of general relativity phenomena in the laboratory has become accessible in recent years. However, up to now, these simulations are limited either in classical regime or in flat space whereas quantum simulation related with general relativity is rarely involved. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a quantum evolution of fermions in close proximity to an artificial black hole on a photonic chip. We successfully observe the acceleration behavior, quantum creation, and evolution of a fermion pair near the event horizon: a single-photon wave packet with positive energy escapes from the black hole while negative energy is captured. Our extensible platform not only provides a route to access quantum effects related with general relativity, but also has the potentiality to investigate quantum gravity in future. 相似文献
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Min Yu Pengcheng Yang Musang Gong Qingyun Cao Qiuyu Lu Haibin Liu Shaoliang Zhang Martin B Plenio Fedor Jelezko Tomoki Ozawa Nathan Goldman Jianming Cai 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(2):254
Geometry and topology are fundamental concepts, which underlie a wide range of fascinating physical phenomena such as topological states of matter and topological defects. In quantum mechanics, the geometry of quantum states is fully captured by the quantum geometric tensor. Using a qubit formed by an NV center in diamond, we perform the first experimental measurement of the complete quantum geometric tensor. Our approach builds on a strong connection between coherent Rabi oscillations upon parametric modulations and the quantum geometry of the underlying states. We then apply our method to a system of two interacting qubits, by exploiting the coupling between the NV center spin and a neighboring 13C nuclear spin. Our results establish coherent dynamical responses as a versatile probe for quantum geometry, and they pave the way for the detection of novel topological phenomena in solid state. 相似文献
