共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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在当今Si基光电子研究中,SiGe材料系自组织Ge量子点是最有希望对Si材料运用能带工程实现人工改性的途径之一。Ge在Si上 4.2 %的晶格失配可以制造大小尺寸不同的纳米结构,还可适应其他多种器件需要。对自组织Ge量子点的形成过程、形貌演化、光学和电学性质,以及提高量子点平面排布有序性的方法进行了系统的分析和研究,并着重介绍了实验中发现的新现象、新模型和新方法,其中包括量子点的反常形状跃迁、自覆盖效应、Ge/Si量子点的II型能带结构、Ge/Si量子点的载流子热弛豫模型和纳米尺寸的周期性图形衬底的全息制备方法 相似文献
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中科院上海微系统与信息技术所 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(Z2):101-107
超导电子学是超导物理与电子技术相结合的一门交叉学科,以超导微观理论和多种量子效应为基础,以Nb基超导薄膜为主要材料体系、以约瑟夫森结、超导平面微纳结构为主要结构单元,可形成无源器件、微波有源器件、传感器/探测器等多种超导电子学器件和电路,在噪声、速度、功耗、带宽等方面具有传统半导体器件和电路无可比拟的优势,在极高限灵敏度探测、量子信息处理、量子计量、高性能计算和前沿基础研究等领域可发挥不可替代的作用。然而高性能超导器件和电路西方国家一直对我国实施严格的禁运。 相似文献
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无机半导体材料量子点由于其特有的发光性能,近几年来得到了长足发展,红绿蓝三色发光器件的外量子效率都能接近于理论值。然而,要实现工业化生产,如何实现大面积、高分辨率的红绿蓝三色显示屏的制备有待进一步探索。对量子点显示的发展到量子点器件的加工方法进行了回顾;从材料到制造技术,讨论了量子点的研究现状以及研究方向,综述量子点在显示领域应用前景。 相似文献
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对物质状态的调控是推动科技发展的重要源动力之一。在人类发展历史上,对硅基材料中电子的调控,导致了晶体管等电子器件的诞生,从而进入信息时代。但是,进入21世纪以来,随着器件尺寸的不断减小,能耗问题、量子隧穿与量子涨落效应等从根本上阻碍了器件的进一步微型化和集成,成为现代信息和电子科技发展的瓶颈。我们迫切地需要探索、开发高效率、低能耗和突破量子尺寸效应的新一代器件。从物理本质上看,传统的半导体器件的物理基础,是半导体中电子的扩散输运现象。可以说对半导体中电子扩散输运的深刻理解,催生了20世纪下半叶的一系列信息工业的革命。因此,要突破目前电子工业的发展瓶颈,也必须建立在对凝聚物质新材料、新物态中电子运动模式的深刻理解之上。 相似文献
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王娜 《科技成果管理与研究》2021,16(6):6-7
量子信息科学是由物理科学与信息科学等多个学科交叉融合所形成的一门新兴前沿学科,在经济、社会乃至国防军工事业中发挥着重要的作用,已成为国家科技发展战略的重要组成部分.半导体光电子材料及其相关器件是发展量子信息科技的关键支撑之一,只有解决材料器件基础问题,才能掌握量子信息研究的主动权.宋海智教授长期致力于半导体光电子材料和器件等方面的开发,积累了丰富的量子信息研究经验. 相似文献
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《中国科学基金》2019,(4)
量子点发光二极管(QLED)存在高亮度时效率低、高效率下亮度低的问题。如何在高亮度的同时保持高效率、且具有高稳定性,是QLED领域亟需解决的难题,也是制约其在高亮高效显示和照明领域应用的关键技术瓶颈。针对这一挑战,本研究团队通过设计以硒为阴离子贯穿元素的核壳结构量子点(CdSe/ZnSe),优化了发光层能级与传输层能级的匹配,提高了载流子的注入效率和平衡,从而实现了器件整体性能的大幅度提升。在可见光区标志性的红、绿、蓝三基色QLED器件上,获得的最高亮度和外量子效率分别达到356 000、614 000、62 600cd/m~2和21.60%、22.90%、8.05%。在器件稳定性方面,红色和绿色QLED器件的寿命达到160万小时以上,蓝色的寿命达到7 000小时以上,解决了以往QLED在高亮度下低效率、高效率下低亮度的关键难题,首次实现了兼具高亮度高效率的红、绿、蓝QLED器件,原理上展示了QLED在显示与照明两大领域都将大有作为。 相似文献
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李劲劲 《科技成果管理与研究》2016,(9):53-54
计量基标准的发展趋势是从实物基标准迈向基于物理效应和计量器件的新一代基标准。这是因为基于器件的基标准不受外界条件影响,精度高,重复可靠性好。在电学量子领域,国际计量局规定自1990年1月1日起量子化霍尔电阻基准取代传统的电阻实物基准、约瑟夫森量子电压基准取代韦斯顿电池电压基准成为新一代基准。新一代计量基标准中不可或缺的重要一环就是计量基标准用器件,我国已建立国际先进的量子电压和量子电阻基标准,但基准必不可少的核心器件仍依赖进口。 相似文献
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《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2023,360(14):10766-10783
Quantum coherent feedback based on waveguide quantum electrodynamics plays important roles in quantum devices design and quantum information processing. In this paper, we study the coherent dynamics of the quantum network composed of two separated resonators coupling to a waveguide. Using the dynamical feedback equation in Markovian regime, we obtain the analytical solutions to the output states for the two photons incident from the same or different directions of the waveguide. The two- photon scattering properties are analyzed based on the analytical expressions. It is found that the output states of the two photons can be controlled well by the phase induced by the single photon propagating between the two separated resonators. The results given in this paper are helpful in designing quantum devices at few-photon level. 相似文献
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Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif Bassem Abd-El-Atty Irfan Mehmood Khan Muhammad Salvador E. Venegas-Andraca Jialiang Peng 《Information processing & management》2021,58(4):102549
Blockchain plays a vital task in cybersecurity. With the exerted efforts for realising large-scale quantum computers, most current cryptographic mechanisms may be hacked. Accordingly, we need a quantum tool utilised for designing blockchain frameworks to have the ability to be executed in the level of digital computers and resist the probable attacks from both digital and quantum computers. Quantum walks may be utilised as a quantum-inspired model for designing new cryptographic algorithms. In this paper, we present a new authentication and encryption protocol based on quantum-inspired quantum walks (QIQW). The proposed protocol is utilized to build a blockchain framework for secure data transmission among IoT devices. Instead of using classical cryptographic hash functions, quantum hash functions based on QIQW are employed for linking blocks of the chain. The main advantages of the presented framework are helping IoT nodes to effectively share their data with other nodes and full control of their records. Security analysis demonstrates that our proposed protocol can defend against message attack and impersonation attacks, thus ensuring secure transmission of data among IoT devices. 相似文献
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Semiconductors, a significant type of material in the information era, are becoming more and more powerful in the field of quantum information. In recent decades, semiconductor quantum computation was investigated thoroughly across the world and developed with a dramatically fast speed. The research varied from initialization, control and readout of qubits, to the architecture of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here, we first introduce the basic ideas for quantum computing, and then discuss the developments of single- and two-qubit gate control in semiconductors. Up to now, the qubit initialization, control and readout can be realized with relatively high fidelity and a programmable two-qubit quantum processor has even been demonstrated. However, to further improve the qubit quality and scale it up, there are still some challenges to resolve such as the improvement of the readout method, material development and scalable designs. We discuss these issues and introduce the forefronts of progress. Finally, considering the positive trend of the research on semiconductor quantum devices and recent theoretical work on the applications of quantum computation, we anticipate that semiconductor quantum computation may develop fast and will have a huge impact on our lives in the near future. 相似文献
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《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2023,360(11):7438-7456
Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms provide a promising way to harness the power of current quantum devices. In this framework, parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs) which consist of layers of parametrized unitaries can be considered as a kind of quantum neural networks. Recent works have begun to explore the potential of PQCs as general function approximators. In this work, we propose a quantum-classical deep network structure to enhance model discriminability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In CNNs, the convolutional layer uses linear filters to scan the input data followed by a nonlinear operation. Instead, we build PQCs, which are more potent function approximators, with more complex structures to capture the features within the receptive field. The feature maps are obtained by sliding the PQCs over the input in a similar way as CNN. We also give a training algorithm for the proposed model. Through numerical simulation, the proposed hybrid models demonstrate reasonable classification performance on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST (4-classes). In addition, we compare the performance of models in different settings. The results demonstrate that the model with high-expressibility ansaetze achieves lower cost and higher accuracy, but exhibits a “saturation” phenomenon. 相似文献
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Efficient depth selection for the implementation of noisy quantum approximate optimization algorithm
《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2022,359(18):11273-11287
Noise on near-term quantum devices will inevitably limit the performance of Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). One significant consequence is that the performance of QAOA may fail to monotonically improve with control depth. In principle, optimal depth can be found at a certain point where the noise effects just outweigh the benefits brought by increasing the depth. In this work, we propose to use the regularized model selection algorithm to identify the optimal depth with just a few iterations of regularization parameters. Numerical experiments show that the algorithm can efficiently locate the optimal depth under relaxation and dephasing noises. 相似文献
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Bromberg JL 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2006,97(2):237-259
Historians have convincingly shown the close ties U.S. physicists had with the military during the Cold War and have raised the question of whether this alliance affected the content of physics. Some have asserted that it distorted physics, shifting attention from fundamental problems to devices. Yet the papers of physicists in quantum electronics and quantum optics, fields that have been exemplary for those who hold the distortion thesis, show that the same scientists who worked on military devices simultaneously pursued fundamental and foundational topics. This essay examines one such physicist, Marlan O. Scully, with attention to both his extensive foundational studies and the way in which his applied and basic researches played off each other. 相似文献
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