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1.
为了切实提高高校专利的实施率,进一步发挥高校在国家创新系统中的作用,论文利用浙江省高校458件专利实施情况的调查数据,从专利实施激励政策、专利研发投入力度、专利合作研发方式以及专利技术特征等方面,实证分析了影响高校专利实施率的关键因素。研究结果表明,专利实施政策、研发投入、研发合作方式以及专利技术特点均对专利的实施具有重要的影响,具体地,专利实施激励政策越强、研发资金投入越多、企业参与合作研发以及具有渐进式创新特征的专利更有利于得到实施应用。该研究结果对当前情况下指导我国高校专利实施具有重要的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
2.
产学合作提升专利质量了吗 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
企业自主研发和产学合作之间的关系一直得到广泛关注,但是研究结论并不一致。本研究尝试基于专利引文结构视角,以专利质量为切入点,运用中国2006-2010年在PATSTAT上的专利数据,考察高校、企业、产学合作对专利质量的影响。并根据专利前向引用和后向引用中位数,将专利质量分为技术独特者、技术先驱者、技术模仿者和技术促进者四种类型。研究发现：总体而言,高校独立研发对专利质量的提升无显著的正向影响,更趋向于技术先驱者;大企业独立研发对专利质量的提升有更显著的正向影响,更趋向于技术独特者及技术促成者;产学合作对专利质量提升有显著正向影响,尤其是对中小企业专利质量的提升效果更为显著。本研究对有效实施专利分类管理及识别潜在产学合作伙伴具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
3.
《科学学与科学技术管理》2017,(9)
校企研发合作是促进技术转移的重要举措。以社会网络理论与资源基础观为基础,提出在高校与其他机构的研发合作过程中校企研发合作及其规模有利于高校技术转移,并且高校技术转移中心对上述关系具有正向调节作用。以专利数据为基础的实证研究结果表明:高校与企业研发合作及其规模对技术成果转移均具有显著正向影响;高校技术转移中心对校企研发合作与技术转移之间关系具有显著正向调节作用。 相似文献
4.
高校合作网络与合作技术研发领域的持续互动和演变对实现资源共享和技术持续创新有重要意义。以江苏省"211工程"高校为研究对象,利用其专利合作数据和复杂网络分析方法研究高校技术研发领域和专利合作网络的共同演化问题。研究结果表明:高校专利合作网络的演化带动了其技术研发领域的发展;技术研发领域的发展也促进了高校专利合作网络结构的演化,且技术研发领域的差异使得不同类型高校的专利合作网络演化过程不同;高校产学研专利合作的技术领域变化受到国家政策调整的影响;高校技术研发领域的发展在高校优势学科的形成过程中具有牵引作用。 相似文献
5.
以"985工程"高校1994—2008年间产学研合作发明专利作为研究对象,使用施引专利数作为专利质量的衡量指标,运用跨层次模型,研究分析了高校产学研专利质量特征及影响因素。实证结果表明,高校的产学研专利质量体现出所属主体和学科门类高度集中的现象。在专利质量影响因素的个体层面上,专利应用的部门数越多、在技术发展地区获得专利授权、引用较多文献及专利数以及与企业进行合作研发,均有助于高校产学研专利质量的提高;从专利权人所属的组织层面上,技术含量高的专利更容易在理工类高校产生。其次,高校所在区域的经济发展水平和技术市场活跃度对专利质量之间的影响关系不显著,但高校拥有较大的企事业单位科研经费规模有助于专利质量的提高。 相似文献
6.
高校教师参与产学研合作包括技术知识的研发和专利成果的转移两个阶段,本文采用随机前沿分析、面板数据模型分析等方法分阶段研究了教师参与产学研合作的影响因素.结果表明： 在技术知识的研发阶段,教学任务的增加会减少技术知识等专利成果的产出,科研项目类的科研任务则对技术知识的专利成果产出有一定的促进作用,而论文发表类的科研任务则没有显著作用.在知识技术的转移阶段,教学任务与科研任务的增加会降低专利成果的转移效果.此外,多数高校缺乏有效的技术转移机构的支持,政府资金对技术知识等专利成果研发阶段的作用不明显,而在专利成果转移阶段的作用则较显著. 相似文献
7.
本文基于1985—2010年国内高校合作研发的专利数据,研究了地理接近性对我国高校技术创新合作关系形成及合作创新绩效的影响.研究发现,在控制了创新所属时段、发明者数、创新所属领域、创新技术数所产生的影响之后,研究型和专业型高校合作与专业型和专业型的高校合作相比,地理接近性对其有显著的阻碍作用.然而,在高校技术创新合作绩效方面,地理接近性却对我国高校技术创新合作创新复杂程度和创新产出质量存在正向显著影响.研究结论揭示了地理接近性对我国高校不同类型技术创新合作关系形成以及科研合作创新绩效的作用规律,为促进高校合作、提升合作创新绩效提供了启示. 相似文献
8.
由于知识具有扩散效应,团队合作逐渐成为多数技术领域进行知识生产的主要方式,描述科学合作的特征与模式也成为国内外学者的研究重点。但是,合作研究是否可以产生更高质量的专利,需要进一步的检验。基于1975-2017年中国及其他七个经济体在USPTO授权的专利数据,对比分析了各个经济体的专利质量及演变趋势,并运用泊松模型实证分析了专利发明人合作对我国专利质量的影响效果。研究发现,首先,相比于不合作,专利发明人合作能有效提高专利质量,但专利发明人的国际合作对专利质量的提升作用显著高于国内合作。其次,中国和美国的发明人合作对专利质量的提升作用最明显,和日本、德国合作的正向贡献较小,而和台湾地区的合作对专利的前向引用具有明显的促进作用。最后,企业-大学、企业-研发机构的合作对提升专利质量有较大的积极影响,企业间的合作能有效促进专利的前向引用数量,但对增加权利要求数量具有抑制作用。大学、研发机构的两两合作及“产学研”合作对专利质量的提高无显著影响。 相似文献
9.
[目的/意义]对具有颠覆性潜力的新兴技术研发主体之间的研发合作网络演化特征进行研究,对于我们定量认识新兴技术研发合作特征具有重要的理论意义和方法意义,对于新兴技术研发管理活动具有重要的现实指导意义,可为政府、企业的研发管理决策提供参考。[方法/过程]针对目前在新兴技术研发合作演化特征研究中存在的不足,即大多基于单一网络分析其演化特征或模式以仅利用专利数据,该文提出一种新兴技术研发合作网络演化特征分析模型,以专利数据和网络信息为数据源,构建发明人合作网络、专利权人合作网络、发明人和专利权人间隶属关系网络的多层网络,并在多层网络中划分不同的研发合作类型,从多个维度来揭示新兴技术研发合作网络的动态演化特征。[结果/结论]以钙钛矿太阳能电池技术为案例进行研究,验证了模型的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
10.
研发项目和科研经费是高校开展科研活动和技术转让的资源基础。采用教育部内部资料提供的22所"985工程"高校在1998-2010年的面板数据,构建研发项目的综合投入指标、研发项目的类型、科研经费的不同来源、专利活动对技术转移合同数量和合同金额影响的经验分析模型。研究发现,相同变量对合同数量影响的显著性要强于对合同金额的影响;政府资金和企业资金对技术转让合同的数量和金额均产生正向影响;专利申请和专利授权量对技术转让合同数量有显著正向影响,但是对合同金额的影响在统计意义上并不显著。研究结果为如何从资源配置的角度提高大学技术转让水平提供了有价值的政策启示。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
15.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
16.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
17.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献