共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
Asma Farhat Sherwani Sameena Mohmood Fauzia Khan Rizwan Hasan Khan Md. Asim Azfer 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):169-180
Lectins, a group of specific glycoproteins present in animal as well as plant cells, are used as differentiating markers to
study cancers and metastatic cell lines. This property of lectins depends on the process of cellular glycosylation. Glycosylation
of some of the extracellular membrane proteins and lipids maintains the cell/cell and cell/matrix interactions. Chemical alterations
in glycosylation play an important role in the metastatic behavior of tumor cells. Carbohydrate residues of the membrane glycoproteins
can be detected using lectins due to their binding specificity to carbohydrates. Lectins, therefore have gained an importance
in the field of cancer research. Galectins, a specialized group of lectin like proteins that are Ca+ independent and galactoside
binding, are also considered as differentiation markers in some specific cancers like the carcinomas of thyroid.
Thus the use of lectins and galectins to identify specific carbohydrates present on cell surface help in invasion and metastasis
processes. 相似文献
2.
对以上消化道症状而就诊的321例慢性胃炎患者行胃镜及幽门螺杆菌(HP)检测和胃粘膜病理学检查,结果显示慢性萎缩性胃炎的HP检出率为76.1%,显著高于慢性浅表性胃炎的检出率56.3%(P<0.01),HP感染患者胃粘膜萎缩和肠化生的发生率分别为26.3%和29.9%,显著高于无HP感染者胃粘膜萎缩和肠化生的发生率12.6%及19.7%(P<0.01和P<0.05).且HP感染与胃粘膜萎缩程度有显著关系,而与肠化生程度和不典型增生无显著关系(P>0.05).提示HP感染可以使胃粘膜萎缩和肠化生的发病率升高,并认为HP感染可能为胃癌发生的危险因素之一. 相似文献
3.
Goreta SS Dabelic S Dumic J 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2012,22(2):156-170
Biochemical and biological properties of glycoconjugates are strongly determined by the specific structure of its glycan parts. Glycosylation, the covalent attachment of sugars to proteins and lipids, is very complex and highly-coordinated process involving > 250 gene products. Deficiency of glycosylation enzymes or transporters results in impaired glycosylation, and consequently pathological modulation of many physiological processes. Inborn defects of glycosylation enzymes, caused by the specific mutations, lead to the development of rare, but severe diseases - congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs). Up today, there are more than 45 known CDGs. Their clinical manifestations range from very mild to extremely severe (even lethal) and unfortunately, only three of them can be effectively treated nowadays. CDG symptoms highly vary, though some are common for several CDG types but also for other unrelated diseases, especially neurological ones, leaving the possibility that many CDGs cases are under- or misdiagnosed. Glycan analysis of serum transferrin (by isoelectric focusing or more sophisticated methods, such as HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) or MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization)) or serum N-glycans (by MS), enzyme activity assays and DNA sequence analysis are the most frequently used methods for CDG screening and identification, since no specific tests are available yet. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristic of distinct CDGs, as well as existing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, aiming to contribute to the awareness on the existence of these rare diseases and encourage the efforts to elucidate its genetic background, improve diagnostics and develop new strategies for their treatment. 相似文献
4.
K. Thriveni Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy Girija Ramaswamy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):57-60
Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cancer Antigen 15.3 (CA15.3) are the most common tumor markers in breast cancer patients.
Measurement of circulating tumor markers is a non-invasive quantitative method. Serum levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were studied
in female breast cancer patients prior to treatment. To evaluate the utility of these markers, 207 Breast carcinoma patients
belonging to all the stages were considered. Healthy age matched 75 female individuals formed the control group. The serum
levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results were taken and compared with
stages, tumor size, node and grade. The serum CA 15.3 levels were significant in all the study parameters whereas serum CEA
levels showed no significant changes with any of the parameters. Measurement of serum CA 15.3 levels showed significant correlation
(24.8%) with advanced stages and larger tumor sizes, whereas serum CEA levels did not show any significant correlation in
breast cancer patients prior to treatment. 相似文献
5.
We describe a case of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of stomach, which did not present typical symptoms of gastrointestinal
malignancy on first visit. The patient, a 62 year old smoker presented with shortness of breathe and pain in right lumbar
region with no history of fever. Bone scans revealed multiple hot spots in skull, sternum, lumbar vertebrae and both iliac
crests. A series of tumor markers were ordered which include PSA, CEA, CA19.9, CA 72.4 and AFP. Serum PSA and AFP concentrations
were within normal range. Serum CEA and CA 72.4 were raised significantly. Markedly elevated levels of serum CA19.9 were found
(>45000 U/ml) in this patient. CT chest and bronchoscopic examination ruled out the possibility of cancer lung. Upper GI tract
endoscopy was done to find out lesion in GI tract. An ulcerative lesion was found in lesser curvature of stomach. Histopathological
examination of endoscopic biopsy revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of stomach. An unusually high serum CA19.9
(>45000U/ml) in case of gastric carcinoma has not been reported earlier. 相似文献
6.
Non enzymatic glycosylation of IgG and their urinary excretion in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end stage renal disease. Increased excretion of albumin has widely been recognized
as an early manifestation of diabetic nephropathy particularly in subjects with diabetes mellitus. However, certain other
proteins besides albumin may be excreted in high amount during early phase of diabetic nephropathy. The serum and urinary
IgG, Glycosylated hemoglobin, fructosamine and glycosylated IgG were evaluated in the present study. Thirty-two patients of
Type 2 Diabetes without any complications, thirty-one patients of Type 2 Diabetes with nephropathy, twenty-six patients of
non-diabetic nephropathy and forty normal healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Subjects were grouped based on
their serum creatinine level. Serum IgG, glycosylation of IgG and urinary IgG excretion were increased significantly in diabetic
patients compared to healthy controls, which were further increased significantly in chronic renal failure patients with respect
to the clinical stage of nephropathy. A positive correlation was observed between glycosylation of IgG and IgG excretion (R2=0.5995, 0.7114 respectively) in diabetic patients without any complications and diabetic nephropathy patients only, suggesting
a significant role of IgG glycosylation in the vascular clearances of IgG during diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献
7.
P. P. Mumbarkar A. S. Raste M. S. Ghadge 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):173-176
The objective was to test the utility of the cytokeratins CYFRA 21-1, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), Neuron specific
enolase (NSE) and Carcino Embryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with lung cancer and in the pleural fluid of the patients with
lung cancer and also the predicting ability of these tumor markers with respect to the histological types [including non small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC)] and pathological stages. 40 normal subjects and 222 cases of histological
proven lung cancer were studied. The findings suggest that TPS and CYFRA 21-1, are useful serum markers for the diagnosis
of NSCLC and NSE seems to be useful tumor marker for monitoring course of patients especially SCLC. The combined use of these
cytokeratin markers TPS and CYFRA 21-1 may provide additional information for prognosis. 相似文献
8.
G. N. Raval L. J. Parekh D. D. Patel F. P. Jha R. N. Sainger P. S. Patel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):60-71
Sialic acid, the end moieties of the carbohydrate chains are biologically important and essential for functions of glycoconjugates
and are reported to be altered in cancer patients. Two hundred and twenty five breast cancer (BC) patients, 100 patients with
benign breast disease (BBD) and 100 healthy females (controls) were enrolled for the study. Eight hundred and twenty four
follow-up samples of 225 breast carcinoma patients were also evaluated. The association of sialic acid forms, sialyltransferase
and α-2–6 sialoproteins levels with presence and extent as well as prognosis of breast carcinoma was studied. Serum sialic
acid forms and sialyltransferase revealed significantly elevated levels among untreated breast cancer patients as compared
to the controls, patients with BBD as well as cancer patients in remission. Non-responders showed comparable levels of the
markers with those found in breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. Higher levels of sialic acid forms at diagnosis
were associated with poor prognosis. A positive correlation between serum levels of different forms of sialic acids and extent
of malignant disease was observed. The changes in serum proteins with terminal α-2–6 sialic acid correlated well with alterations
in the levels of sialic acid forms and sialyltransferase. Malignant tissues showed elevated levels of sialic acid and sialyltransferase
as compared to surrounding normal tissues.
The results suggested potential utility of these markers in evaluation of clinical outcome. 相似文献
9.
Dayalu Naik S L Suresh Hedau Anil Kumar Bahadur Renuka Saha Sudershan Kaur Amitabha Ray 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):250-254
The present study was undertaken to determine the significance of sex hormone binding globulin, the major and specific binding
protein for testosterone and estradiol, in breast cancer. Among breast cancer patients, lower serum levels of Sex hormone
binding globulin and higher levels of testosterone were observed. Sex hormone binding globulin showed an inverse relationship
with testosterone and total cholesterol, and a direct relation with HDL-cholesterol. By the western blot analyses, Sex hormone
binding globulin was detected in all biological samples that we examined. In the breast tumor tissue sections, immuno-staining
for Sex hormone binding globulin was confined in cell cytoplasm and 29% cases were positive, which showed no association with
the investigated prognostic markers of breast cancer such as ER and HER-2/neu over-expression. In this study, decreased circulating
levels of Sex hormone binding globulin in breast cancer patients possibly indicate higher bioavailable estrogens. 相似文献
10.
Indranath Ghosh Debojyoti Bhattacharjee Anjan Kumar Das Goutam Chakrabarti Anindya Dasgupta Subir Kumar Dey 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(1):24-29
The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic yield of the tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 15-3, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carbohydrate antigen 125, in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in a group of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected in a group of 90 patients with benign or malignant pulmonary diseases. After appropriate processing, tumour markers were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The diagnostic yields (sensitivity, specificity and predictive values) in each environment (serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) were obtained by using "Receivers operating characteristic" curve. Determined individually, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carbohydrate antigen 125, showed the greatest diagnostic accuracy in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Carbohydrate antigen 15-3 did so in serum. Carcinoembryonic antigen was the most relevant marker in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. For the factors evaluated in this study, determination of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carbohydrate antigen 125 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were clinically more useful markers in comparison with serum, although the latter may also be helpful in certain situations. Although there is no specific tumour marker for lung cancer, the combination of several can be used to diagnose most patients with lung cancer and also to rule out false positive and negative cases. 相似文献
11.
Vikram Thakkar Purvi Patel Neelam Prajapati Ranjit Kaur Mukesh Nandave 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(3):345-350
Identification of reliable biomarkers for detection and staging of cancer and monitoring the outcome of anticancer therapy has been considered to be of high importance. We aimed to estimate the levels of serum glycoproteins, protein bound-hexose, protein bound hexosamine, protein bound fucose, protein bound sialic acid and protein bound carbohydrate in 32 ovarian cancer patients and compared them with the levels that found in 25 normal subjects. As compared to the normal subjects, all the four fractions of glycoproteins level were significantly elevated in ovarian cancer patients (p < 0.05). Chemotherapy in these patients significantly decreased the levels of serum glycoproteins (p < 0.05). Thus, high levels of serum glycoproteins in ovarian cancer patients could be due to abnormal protein glycosylation indicating malignant transformation of the cells. 相似文献
12.
通过对我院2011年1月~12月84例食管癌根治术患者留置的胃管观察,总结胃管意外拔出的原因,包括术前术中术后各阶段的护理风险分析,认为对食管癌根治患者留置胃管采取相应的护理干预,保持其固定牢靠,引流通畅,是减少术后并发症的重要措施,也是手术成功的关键。 相似文献
13.
T. Malati G. Rajani Kumari P. V. L. N. Murthy Ch. Ram Reddy B. Surya Prakash 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):34-40
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) has emerged as the most applicable and important tumor marker for carcinoma prostate. In the
present study PSA was determined in serum of healthy subjects, patients of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and Carcinoma
Prostate (Ca−P) to evaluate its diagnostic efficiency in day to day management of prostate cancer patients and in differentiating
patients of early prostate cancer from those with BPH. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) revealed 2 ng/ml and
10 ng/ml cut off serum PSA level for BPH and untreated carcinoma prostate patients (Ca−P). An extremely significant increase
(P<0.0001) was observed in mean PSA concentration in BPH patients and adenocarcinoma prostate patients when compared to healthy
males. Clinical relevance of PSA was highlighted by a case study of cancer patient prior to any therapy till death. 相似文献
14.
Pushpa P. Durgawale P. S. Shukla Shubhangi D. Sontakke P. G. Chougule 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):110-112
In the present study the property of lectin agglutination in blood on normal and different cancer patients has been observed.
The purifiedSynadenium grantii root lectin was non blood group specific and its utility as a diagnostic tool in malignancy was studied. Hemagglutination
(units/ml) of red blood cells of different types of cancer was compared with the normal control's red blood cells. Out of
113 total cancer patients, only a group of 29 breast cancer patients showed significant increase in titre value (P<0.05) compared
to normal control. 相似文献
15.
K. Devika Rani N. Suneetha Shruti Mohanty Pragna Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):150-153
This study is conducted in chronic alcoholics to assess the association of an Individual’s level of serum homocysteine with
the success of achieving alcohol deaddiction in the patient. The patients’ nutrition status is also assessed. 50 chronic alcoholics
admitted to a deaddiction center were inducted into the study. Patients underwent an 8 weeks holistic program to promote rehabilitation
from alcoholism. All the patients were addicted to alcohol for 8 – 10 years. Of the 50 patients enrolled, 39 of them completed
the 8 weeks program including complete abstinence from alcohol during this period. Fasting blood samples were collected on
admission and again after 8 weeks of alcohol abstinence for analyses of serum homocysteine and serum prealbumin, transferrin,
total proteins and albumin, gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Of the 50 patients enrolled in
the study, 39 completed the 8 weeks rehabilitation program. 11 patients discontinued within 2 weeks of admission. During the
8 weeks of complete alcohol abstinence, patients were given a balanced diet and multivitamin supplements. A significant improvement
in their nutritional status was noted by the elevation of serum levels of prealbumin, transferrin, total proteins and albumin.
Serum homocysteine levels decreased significantly (p<0.002) to normal levels from previous hyperhomocytenemia. This was accompanied
by decrease in serum GGT and ALT levels indicating improved liver functions. Serum estimation of homocysteine in chronic alcoholics
is important to assess whether the patient will have a successful rehabilitation. Normal homocysteine levels are achieved
after dietary changes and abstinence from alcohol. Timely correction of hyperhomocysteinemia also provides successful rehabilitation. 相似文献
16.
K. R. Dave T. H. Patel S. S. Katyare 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):81-88
Erythrocyte membrane protein glycosylation increase by 3.4 fold in diabetes. Insulin or sulfonylurea treatment did not reduce
the extent of glycosylation. The serum protein glycosylation was comparable in all the groups including control. Erythrocyte
membrane Na+,K+-ATPase activity decreased in the diabetics; only insulin treatment partly restored the activity. Erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase
activity decreased only in the sulfonylurea treated group. Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity was relatively low in the
diabetic and insulin treated diabetic groups. The Km and Vmax of the two components of Na+,K+-ATPase from erythrocyte membranes were differently affected in the diabetic and the two treatment groups. The Vmax of acetylcholinesterase
decreased only in the sulfonylurea treated group. Diabetic states resulted in decreased Vmax of components I and II of serum
butyrylcholinesterase. In insulin-treated diabetics, component II was absent. Sulfonylurea group resembled diabetics.In vitro incubation with insulin differentially affected the Na+,K+-ATPase and serum butyrylcholinesterase activities. 相似文献
17.
C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia D. M. Vasudevan K. Sudhakar Prabhu 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):113-115
The present study was conducted on thirty untreated oral cancer patients proved by clinical and histopathological evidence
and thirty healthy control subjects. The levels of glycoprotein-associated carbohydrates such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose
and sialic acid were found to be elevated significantly as compared to control subjects. There was a progressive rise in these
markers as the stages of oral cancer advanced. 相似文献
18.
Yousef Rezaei Chianeh Rashmi Manjunath Krishnananda Prabhu Donald Fernandes M. Vidyasagar Asha Kamath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(2):238-241
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies recognized. Biomarkers which can predict presence of cancer and its progression can help in better management of these disorders. Over production of lipid peroxidation byproducts and disturbances in antioxidant defense system have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases including oral cancer. Studies have shown a correlation of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with tumourigenesis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Earlier we have observed a significant elevation in plasma BChE and protein thiols in oral cancer patients which correlated well with stages of cancer. As it was not clear whether the above markers will be altered in saliva of oral cancer patients this study was undertaken. Institutional Ethics Committee gave permission to carry out this study. Total of 55 subjects comprising healthy controls (n = 30) and biopsy proven oral cancer patients (n = 25) consented to participate in this study. Salivary samples from cases were taken before any definitive treatment. Protein thiols and BChE were estimated in salivary samples using validated assay methods. Oral cancer patients had a significant increase in pre-treatment salivary BChE levels (p ≤ 0.001) and a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.001) in salivary thiols as compared to respective values in controls. Salivary protein thiols and BChE may have a role in pathophysiology of oral cancer. Saliva can be used as a potential non-invasive screening tool in oral cancer patients. 相似文献
19.
T. Malati 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):17-31
Tumor Markers comprise a wide spectrum of biomacromolecules synthesized in excess concentration by a wide variety of neoplastic
cells. The markers could be endogenous products of highly active metabolic malignant cells or the products of newly switched
on genes, which remained unexprssed in early life or newly acquired antigens at cellular and sub-cellular levels. The appearance
of tumor marker and their concentration are related to the genesis and growth of malignant tumors in patients. An ideal tumor
marker should be highly sensitive, specific, reliable with high prognostic value, organ specificity and it should correlate
with tumor stages. However, none of the tumor markers reported to date has all these characteristics. Inspite of these limitations,
many tumor markers have shown excellent clinical relevance in monitoring efficacy of different modes of therapies during entire
course of illness in cancer patients. Additionally, determination of markers also helps in early detection of cancer recurrence
and in prognostication. 相似文献
20.
Emokpae M. A. Das S. C. Orok T. Mohammed A. Z. Hassan S. A. 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):62-66
This study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic performance characteristics of prostate specific antigen (PSA) by comparing
serum PSA value with histological findings in patients suspevted of having prostate cancer in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.
Nigeria. Clinical and Laboratory records were examined and collated for serum PSA values, together with histological findings
of biopsy specimen, clinical diagnosis, age of patients, and mode of presentation. The serum PSA values were determined by
ELECSYS 1010 autoanalysers Roche, Germany based on electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique. The results show that serum
PSA values increase with age in the assymptomatic non-cancer patients who came for medical check up but were within normal
limit. In prostatic disease conditions PSA values were raised in benign prostatic hyperplasia 35.957± 4.0315ng/ml, in undifferentiated
carcinoma 56.22±4.295ng/ml and adenocarcinoma >100ng/ml as compared to the normal range (0–4ng/ml). These cases were confirmed
by histological diagnosis. It is concluded that PSA evaluations is a sensitive marker for prostate cancer but because of various
other conditions that affect serum PSA concentration, other methods of investigations such as Digital Rectal examination,
Trans Urethral Ultra-Sonography and histological examination should be combined to confirm diagnosis. Prognosis of patients
will be better if early diagnosis is made. 相似文献