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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2000,17(2):161-180
Measuring the increase in racial diversity in the United States has received growing interest for the last three decades. The topic was of concern to the founding fathers, who categorized inhabitants using such terms as “White,” “free person,” or “slave.” We continue to categorize people by race.This article examines decennial census questionnaires, enumerator instructions, and actual categories used to define the race groups in this country from 1790 to the present to document the country’s efforts to categorize its racial populations. The influence of political and social conditions will become obvious as we journey through the archives of census schedules and enumerator instructions on how people have been categorized racially in this country. 相似文献
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This study examines the ways that the Korean American diasporic press constructs identities of its own ethnic group as well as those of other racial/ethnic groups by employing both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The author identifies three metaframes of diasporic media's representations of interracial relations—(a) internalization/resonance (related to racial/ethnic minorities), (b) transparency (related to Whites), and (c) offset (related to their ethnic members)—as ways that the diasporic media adopt, adapt, and counteract prevailing racial ideologies in their new host country. The diasporic media offset the negative images of their own ethnic members in the mainstream media by depicting the roles of their own group as victims of other racial/ethnic groups. Findings indicate that Korean Americans were frequently shown as victims of crimes (mostly related to Blacks), racial discrimination (mostly related to Whites), problematic laborers (mostly related to Latinos), and business rivals (mostly related to other Asian Americans). 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):535-556
This study examined responses on the potential impact of Barack Obama's presidency from 16 semi-structured interviews with White males in leadership positions in various organizations across the United States. While numerous studies examine the circulating racial discourses on Obama, few studies explore how he is represented in first-hand accounts from those in the public, specifically from White-male elites. This study examined interview discourses from White-male elites to reveal how they imagine race through Obama. In positioning Obama among the pantheon of great-man leaders, this study showed how dominant racial ideologies get legitimatized and reworked when members of the dominant group desire to construct racial meanings onto a popular Black leader. 相似文献
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Much is known about the negative consequences of exposure to ethnic/racial stereotypes in the media, on White audiences. However, there is substantially less research addressing the effects of such media content on members of racial/ethnic minority groups. The present study examines this question using repeated cross-sectional national level data alongside a content analysis of top prime time shows between 1987 and 2008. Multi-level modeling analyses reveal that media representations of Latinos and Blacks were associated with Latinos’ and Blacks’ ingroup attitudes, however effects on attitudes towards Whites were not significant. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):102-120
This paper explores how White viewers' perceived portrayals of African-Americans and Latino-Americans on TV influence their real-world feelings and beliefs about these outgroups, which in turn affect their support for race-targeted policies. A computer-based survey (N=323) included measures relating to perceptions about racial/ethnic groups on television, real-world stereotypical beliefs, prejudicial feelings, and support for affirmative action policies. The affective-cognitive model of policy reasoning presented in this paper extends and improves upon prior research in several ways. It considers intergroup emotions as an important mediator by including prejudicial feelings toward racial/ethnic outgroups in the path analyses. Unlike past research that typically grouped all negative stereotypes into one global measure, this study explores how specific types of stereotypes such as criminality and laziness work independently and simultaneously to influence policy preferences. Finally, this integrated cognitive-affective model of policy reasoning is applied to both perceptions of African-Americans and of Latino-Americans, which provides greater confidence in the applicability of the model. Implications of the results and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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This study examines the extent to which an athlete’s race impacts the image repair process within media-filtered athlete transgressions by utilizing a 5 (race) × 3 (response strategy) factorial experiment and employing Benoit’s (1995) image repair typology. Reponses from a national sample of 215 participants revealed that, independent of race, the mortification strategy was more effective for repairing an athlete’s image compared to reducing offensiveness and evading responsibility strategies, supporting current image repair studies. This study also revealed that the athlete in the White condition was uniformly viewed as being less successful than four other racial conditions (Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Middle Eastern) in achieving image repair, a new result within this stream of image repair scholarship. Conclusions related to social identity theory and expectancy violation are rendered. 相似文献
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程东红 《自然科学博物馆研究》2018,(1):17-26
自然科学博物馆是进行科学传播和开展科学教育的机构。通过回顾自然科学博物馆的发展历程,分析可持续发展目标、地区发展不均衡、科技与社会交互对自然科学博物馆发展所产生的主要影响,目前国际社会和自然科学博物馆为解决上述问题而采取的行动,以及自然科学博物馆未来发展面临的挑战,本文指出“一带一路”倡议为自然科学博物馆应对上述挑战提供了一揽子解决方案。据此,提出促进“一带一路”沿线国家自然科学博物馆之间互惠共享的多项对策和建议:搭建交流平台,开展合作,建立长效机制,加强能力建设,为“一带一路”沿线各国之间开展更深层次的科技、教育和文化合作交流注入活力,最重要的是为构建“一带一路”沿线国家自然科学博物馆命运共同体而共同协力。 相似文献
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“平安中国”将信息数据保护纳入风险防范的内容之一,为电子档案风险管理提供了科学的行动指南。文章在解析平安中国内涵基础上,指出其对档案工作的现实意义,强调档案安全对于国家安全的重要作用,同时审视了电子档案在生成源头、流转过程、突发应急等环节的现有难题。为此,按照平安中国的治理框架,针对性地提出应对策略:加强全结构源头治理,强化电子档案风险事前控制;加强全周期动态治理,把风险管理嵌入各业务环节;加强全方位依法治理,善用法治思维推进风险规避;加强全要素智慧治理,运用数字技术赋能风险识别。 相似文献
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《Journal of Web Librarianship》2013,7(1):58-82
This article reports results from an empirical usability evaluation of Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central as part of the effort to develop an open access research repository and collaboration platform for human-animal bond researchers. By repurposing and altering key features of the original HUBzero system, Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central hosts previously published materials from related disciplines and an extensive bibliography, in addition to traditional hub materials such as tools and datasets. Seven graduate students in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Purdue University participated in the usability evaluation. Tasks included exploring the system, finding an article in the repository, submitting an article to the repository, adding bibliographic information of an article to the repository, and using interaction features such as user groups. Participants also answered open questions regarding their overall experience and rated Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central's usability using the System Usability Scale. Response measures included task successfulness, navigational steps, task time, participant comments, and behavior notes recorded by the researcher. Results of the evaluation showed that the overall user experience of Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central was satisfactory but also indicated a number of usability issues. Participants had difficulty inputting metadata such as resource type and author information when submitting an article to the repository. There were also interface design issues regarding layout and consistency. It is expected that findings from this study and the evaluation methodology can be extended to the development and evaluation of similar research repository systems. 相似文献
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2015年初,美国精准医学计划的提出得到了学术界的广泛关注。本文介绍了美国精准医学计划提出的基础与背景,重点阐述该计划在数据采集、管理与整合等方面的挑战,介绍了精准医学相关知识库建设和知识服务实践探索。 相似文献
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Caryn Murphy 《Media History》2020,26(2):185-198
This article uses the prime-time drama Peyton Place (ABC, 1964–67) to examine the challenges of racial integration in the serial narrative. Peyton Place broke ground as a prime-time serial, but declined in popularity by its fourth year on the air. An African-American family was added to the story canvas as part of a strategy to revive audience interest by exploring stories with social relevance. I use the archived papers of the show’s writers and producers to examine the negotiations behind the racial integration of a continuing drama that established its success with a white cast of characters. 相似文献
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Nadine Ehlers 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(4):313-334
This article examines the intersectionality of law and race to argue that law, in its broadest understanding, has played a pivotal role in the performative constitution of racial subjects. This disciplinary regulation, which has operated to “fix” an individual within a racial status under law, has augmented the production of the individual as a raced subject. An analysis of Rhinelander v. Rhinelander, however, illuminates that a defiance of racial performative dictates can render “race” hidden in plain sight. This rendering represents an escape from the regulatory mechanisms of law, posing a counter‐power that threatens to disturb hegemonic whiteness. 相似文献
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国家声音展馆（the National Gallery of the Spoken Word,NGSW）,美国国家科学基金（NSF）资助的数字图书馆先导研究计划二期的项目之一,是记录20世纪重要历史声音的数字图书馆,旨在实现20世纪的重要讲演、广播和录音等历史声音的数字化储存、全文检索与在线使用。文章首先介绍该项目的基本情况,然后在资源建设与组织、技术手段和服务特征等三个方面对其进行概要的评述,最后提出评价和建议。 相似文献
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Helen N. Levenson 《Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve》2013,23(3-5):89-105
The Michigan Shared Print Initiative, involving 11 Michigan public university libraries, has partnered with Sustainable Collection Services in using Sustainable Collection Services' new collection analysis and data decision support tool, GreenGlass for Groups. This tool effectively analyzes the group of libraries' individual and collective holdings, sharing mechanisms, and retention needs. This article outlines the establishment of the Michigan Shared Print Initiative, the creation of its collaborative print monograph collection, the use and benefits of GreenGlass for Groups, which is being used for the required collection data analysis for the venture, and the general elements that have contributed to the project's success. 相似文献
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Diann Rusch-Feja 《Learned Publishing》2002,15(3):179-186
The Open Archives Initiative (OAI) is a major development aimed at heightening interoperability and providing more targeted access to scholarly electronic full texts. This article gives an overview of the development and philosophy of the OAI, then highlights ongoing research and the initiative's status as of March 2002. Finally, the impact of widespread adoption and its implications for the scientific community are outlined. 相似文献
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文章首先从《2019年图书情报与档案管理青年学者沙龙学术共同体倡议》《新时代图书馆学教育行动倡议》分析当前我国图书馆学界的集体焦虑现象;然后以“图书馆学学科发展报告”“中国图书馆学学科史”的理论成果为基础,基于库恩关于学科发展的理论展开分析,发现我国仍然处于经验图书馆学时期,相关研究以社会热点为主,主要研究问题来自学科外部而不是学科内部。文章认为,图书馆学研究对象是发展的,不能简单地认为图书馆学的研究对象就是图书馆;图书馆学本质上是关于“知识对象”描述、序化与发现的科学;图书馆学的未来发展应该以知识为中心、以知识管理为轴心、以知识服务为重心,构建图书馆学理论体系。 相似文献
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Ayodeji Dapherede Otusanya Gina Castle Bell 《Qualitative Research Reports in Communication》2018,19(1):44-50
Racial tensions continue in 21st-century United States through the communication of racial microaggressions. We are interested in the communication of racial microaggressions directed towards West African immigrants by people with whom they expected to be allied, African Americans. Sixteen people who identified as West African immigrants were interviewed about communication struggles with African Americans in this qualitative, interpretive analysis. Owen’s thematic analysis was employed to analyze interview data. Results suggest the communicative impact of racial microaggressions on recipients is far-reaching and consequential. Narratives illustrate microaggressive communication occurs daily through invalidating, dismissive lines of questioning as well as targeted name calling and pejorative dialogue. 相似文献