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数据要素治理是数字时代助力国家治理现代化的基础性支撑。通过强化数据要素与国家治理深度融合,能够加快建立数据驱动国家治理的新模式,推动国家治理更加科学化、精细化、智能化和高效化。欧美等国不断加强数据要素治理的顶层制度设计、技术创新应用、协同治理机制和全球治理合作,有效提高了数据要素治理水平,为我国提供了经验借鉴。不过,受数据要素的虚拟性、涉及主体较多、泄露风险较大、技术支撑水平要求较高等特点的影响,目前我国数据要素治理仍面临着协同治理机制不健全、伦理治理机制不完善、人才和技术基础较薄弱等挑战,无法充分发挥数据要素作用以满足国家治理现代化的需求。新时代迫切需要面向国家治理现代化建设的重大需求和应用场景建立健全与之相适应的数据要素治理体系,树立兼顾公平、效率与安全多方位发展的治理观念,构建政府、市场与社会多元主体协同共治的治理模式,强化科学、技术与制度多维协同驱动的治理思路,完善人才、基础设施与公共服务保障体系,以提高我国数据要素治理水平,为国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设提供有力支撑。 相似文献
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空间治理是我国治理体系中相对薄弱的领域,也是生态文明建设中的一个重要领域。在科技支撑空间治理中存在的自然科学与社会科学分割、数据共建共享机制不健全、科学研究与决策管理脱节等问题,严重地阻碍着治理体系现代化的需求。在科技强国建设中,面向中国空间治理现代化的适应策略的形成,对中国实现从小康社会迈向现代化社会的转型和提升中国在全球治理体系中的水平具有重要意义。文章在讨论空间治理对象的复杂化、政府决策管理的科学化,以及科技服务社会发展的总体趋势的基础上,提出了理论创新、数据建设和知识应用为主体的面向空间治理的科技创新框架,系统讨论了重构统一地理学理论体系和夯实统一地理学数据基础两大问题。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]个人数据跨境流动在促进数字经济全球化与数字产业升级的同时,对个人数据跨境流动监管能力提出了新要求。在新安全格局下探索个人数据跨境流动监管体系的优化路径,有助于保障数据安全与数字人权,推动构建中国式现代化数据安全治理体系。[方法/过程]通过多学科交叉研究、法律及政策分析等方法,基于对新安全格局下个人数据跨境流动内涵和法理基础的厘定,从监管主体、监管客体和监管内容三个面向,比较考查欧盟、美国和中国个人数据跨境流动监管模式的制度演进。[结果/结论]基于对个人数据跨境流动监管模式变革趋势的总结,结合中国国情,提出了统筹发展和安全的监管体系优化构想,包括加强数据跨境监管力度,保障数据流动安全有序;提升数据监管治理精度,促进数字经济安全发展;拓展数据监管合作深度,构建全球数字共治格局等。 相似文献
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数字时代的国家治理现代化呼唤与之相匹配的理论和技术。为满足这一需求,本文提出一个交叉学科的新研究领域——“计算治理”。“计算治理”是针对数字社会中“信息—物理—社会”强耦合的关键特征,融合复杂性科学、控制论、社会科学、信息科学等学科,系统深入地研究国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的相关基础理论与逻辑基础,构建数字时代社会治理体系,设计稳健和灵活相兼顾的治理机制;同时利用大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术方法工具,研发数字时代社会问题感知技术和新一代信息技术驱动的社会治理技术支撑体系。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]科技情报的智能化发展给数据治理带来了新的挑战,研究数据治理中数据建设内容不成体系、数据建设和业务缺少协同纽带、数据质量差等关键问题,推进数智驱动情报分析新模式的形成。[方法/过程]基于智慧数据内容层级结构,设计了基础治理与协同治理相辅相成的整体架构,分别面向通用化数据处理和定制化数据处理。结合协同主体和协同机制,探索交互式、低代码协同治理平台的建设路径,并以质量指标为牵引制定数据治理全链条的质量控制模块,最终形成科技情报业务牵引的智慧数据治理技术体系。[结果/结论]该体系指导了中国科学院文献情报中心智慧数据治理工作,设计研发了6套治理工具集,实现了对142项数据资产管理以及约4.6亿篇文献数据的内容治理,并支撑了多个知识服务系统的运行。[局限]该治理体系未研究对图片、音频、视频等多模态数据的治理方案。 相似文献
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随着全面数字经济时代的到来,如何打造成体系的数字化基础能力,并以此为目标推进数字化转型信息基础设施建设,成为我国国有企业亟待解决的关键问题,为此,探索优化和完善国企数字化转型信息基础设施建设的基本路径。首先基于已有相关理论分析,给出企业数字化转型的具体内涵,然后基于我国国企数字化转型信息基础设施建设存在的建设方式发展滞后、系统协同能力不足、无法支撑敏捷交付与自动化运营需求和缺乏开放自治的应用管理机制等问题,提出改变信息基础设施建设方式、打造国企新型数字化基础设施底座的建设思路,设计构建新型数字基础设施一体化平台。其中,应用程序编程接口（API）管理平台增强业务快速应对市场变化的能力,是企业数字化转型升级的重要驱动力;数据中台是消除企业“数据孤岛”的核心引擎,有助于实现不同业务系统间数据的有效协同;低代码开发环境平台兼顾传统与创新,实现开发运维一体化;身份管理平台形成数据、服务和身份等方面治理的综合协同能力。 相似文献
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<正>研究背景及研究意义党的二十大指出要加快建设数字中国，加快发展数字经济，促进数字经济和实体经济深度融合，打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群，强化数据等安全保障体系建设。2021年，我国数字经济规模达到45.5万亿元，位居全球第二，为经济发展提供了强大动力。2022年12月19日，《中共中央国务院关于构建数据基础制度更好发挥数据要素作用的意见》（简称“数据二十条”）对外发布，从数据产权、流通交易、收益分配、安全治理等方面构建数据基础制度， 相似文献
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文章从党的二十大对科学普及新要求着手,提出了科普现代化的发展思路。深入分析科学普及与中国式现代化之间的辩证关系,梳理科学普及大力支撑推进中国式现代化的历史进程,研判当前现代化进程中科技创新与科学普及面临新的形势与问题,提出中国式现代化目标引领新时代科普创新的发展方向。系统阐释科普现代化的内涵范畴,并提出了目标现代化、体系现代化、协同现代化、机制现代化、手段现代化等 5 个本质特征。进而从科普事业蓬勃发展、公众需求充分满足,科普体系完备高效、创新成果转化顺畅,科学文化厚植人心、创新环境持续优化等 3 个方面提出了科普现代化的愿景目标。并基于此,提出了科普现代化的建构思路与实现路径。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献