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传统的遗传算法在求解带约束的数值优化问题时,主要采用罚函数法。文章针对罚函数法在实际应用中的不足,提出了一种将约束优化问题转化为双目标优化问题,然后使用双目标遗传算法进行求解的方法。仿真结果表明该方法是一种有效的约束问题寻优方法。 相似文献
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量子遗传算法求解度约束最小生成树 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
度约束最小生成树问题属于NP完全问题,但在现实中具有非常重要的应用价值.针对度约束最小生成树问题,采用量子遗传算法来求解该问题.并对基本的量子遗传算法进行改进.针对度约束最小生成树问题的特征,设计了一种新的量子编码方式,保证算法获得可行解;并与深度优先搜索的思想结合,保证得到树的连通性;通过数值试验验证新算法的可行性,并与其他算法进行比较.取得了良好的效果. 相似文献
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Jin CHENG ;Gui-fang DUAN ;Zhen-yu LIU ;Xiao-gang LI ;Yi-xiong FENG ;Xiao-hai CHEN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(10):774-788
研究目的：为改善实际工程结构在不确定性条件下的多性能指标,提供一种高效的区间多目标优化方法。创新要点：建立一个目标和约束均为区间不确定性参数函数的区间约束多目标优化模型,提出并实现基于径向基函数、区间分析和非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）的区间多目标优化算法。研究方法：首先,利用区间序关系将每个区间目标转换为同时优化其中点和半径的确定性双目标,利用区间可能度法将区间约束转换为确定性约束,并在此基础上,利用加权法和罚函数法将每个区间目标的约束优化问题转换为相应的无约束优化问题;然后,利用拉丁超立方实验设计和有限元分析构建预测各待优化结构性能指标值的径向基函数;最后,将径向基函数、区间分析法与NSGA-II相结合,快速求出转换后确定性无约束多目标优化问题的所有Pareto最优解,并通过考虑材料不确定性的高速压力机滑块机构设计实例验证该方法的有效性。重要结论：目标和约束均为不确定性参数函数的区间多目标优化模型能有效反映实际工程中同时改善结构多性能指标的需求。基于径向基函数、区间分析和NSGA-II相结合的区间多目标优化算法将传统区间优化模型求解中的嵌套优化过程简化为单层遗传优化过程,大大提高了求解效率,并可获得多目标优化问题的所有Pareto最优解。 相似文献
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针对倒立摆系统建模过程中引入的建模误差,提出了一种基于遗传算法的最优控制器设计方法。采用遗传算法优化二次型加权阵时,首先将所关注的系统时域性能指标表示为函数形式,再将遗传算法的适应度函数设计为系统参数为标称值和参数误差达到上、下界时,时域指标函数的和。通过这一过程求得的最优控制器,平衡了系统时域性能和对建模误差的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,控制器对标称模型的控制效果满足时域设计要求。同时,对存在建模误差的对象也能获得良好的时域响应。与其他基于遗传算法的最优控制器相比,控制器设计之初便考虑到建模误差,提高了最优控制器对建模误差的适应性和鲁棒性。 相似文献
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设施布置问题的非线性目标规划模型及其遗传算法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
由于设施布置问题实际上是一个极其复杂的多约束多目标的优化问题，本将其建模为一新的非线性目标规划模型，为更快更好地求解这一模型，本采用了一种新的遗传算法。它不仅能有效处理不等面积及固定设施问题，而且有希望解决多层布置问题。 相似文献
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函数优化是遗传算法的经典应用领域,也是遗传算法进行性能评价的常用算例。对于一些非线性、多模型、多目标的函数优化问题,用其它优化方法较难求解,而用遗传算法则可以方便地得到较好的结果。用Matlab实现了函数优化的遗传算法源程序,该源程序可以直接运行。 相似文献
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《东南大学学报》2016,(4)
为了提高能谱X-CT重建图像的质量,提出了利用能量加权重建图像x_(bins)~W及可分离抛物面替代法进行基于先验图像和约束压缩感知的能谱X-CT图像重建.利用压缩感知理论、先验图像和优化算法来提高CT重建图像的质量.为了评价所提方法的性能,从重建的各能量段图像精度和噪声特性2个方面比较了3种优化算法及3种先验图像.仿真实验结果表明,对于不同的优化算法,能量加权重建图像xW bins作为先验图像总体性能最佳;对于不同的先验图像,可分离抛物面替代法算法性能最佳.与滤波反投影算法相比,在基于先验图像约束和压缩感知的能谱X-CT图像重建算法中,采用SPS算法进行优化,采用能量加权重建图像作为先验图像,重建得到的各能量段的图像噪声分别降低了80.46%,82.51%,88.08%,每个能量段图像的均方根误差分别下降了15.02%,18.15%和34.11%,相关系数分别提高了9.98%,11.38%和15.94%. 相似文献
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在对方案有偏好的模糊多属性决策中,定义了模糊数相似函数后,提出运用方案综合值与方案偏好值的相似度来确定属性权重的方法,运用遗传算法对导出的约束规划模型进行求解从而得到属性权重,最后采用例子说明该方法的有效性和实用性． 相似文献
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As the idea of simulated annealing （SA） is introduced into the fitness function, an improved genetic algorithm （GA） is proposed to perform the optimal design of a pressure vessel which aims to attain the minimum weight under burst pressure constraint. The actual burst pressure is calculated using the arc-length and restart analysis in finite element analysis （FEA）. A penalty function in the fitness function is proposed to deal with the constrained problem. The effects of the population size and the number of generations in the GA on the weight and burst pressure of the vessel are explored. The optimization results using the proposed GA are also compared with those using the simple GA and the conventional Monte Carlo method. 相似文献
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黄莺 《实验室研究与探索》2004,23(5):41-42,50
分析了因水平直线匀速运动而引起的图象模糊，提出在图象的空间域内，直接利用含约束条件的最小二乘法，求解复原图象。本文着重演算了如何利用一维卷积及约束条件来构建代数方程，并给出了复原图象的求解公式。该算法已通过MATLAB编程实现。实验结果表明，与频域算法相比，该算法简单并能得到较好的复原图象，并且无需事先知道噪声模型。 相似文献
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1 Introduction It is i mportant to study polymerization mechanisminpolymerization engineering. Obtaining kinetic data isthe key step for establishing polymerization mechanismand understanding elementary reactions . The kineticdata contains two groups of data ,i.e.,the rate andreaction order .The rate ,especially the rate constant ,is i mportant and to be esti mated assuming that the or-der of the reactionis known.Furthermore ,esti mationof rate constants for polymerization is an active anddif… 相似文献
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Bayesian methods incorporate model parameter information prior to data collection. Eliciting information from content experts is an option, but has seen little implementation in Bayesian item response theory (IRT) modeling. This study aims to use ethical reasoning content experts to elicit prior information and incorporate this information into Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation. A six‐step elicitation approach is followed, with relevant details at each stage for two IRT items parameters: difficulty and guessing. Results indicate that using content experts is the preferred approach, rather than noninformative priors, for both parameter types. The use of a noninformative prior for small samples provided dramatically different results when compared to results from content expert–elicited priors. The WAMBS (When to worry and how to Avoid the Misuse of Bayesian Statistics) checklist is used to aid in comparisons. 相似文献
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DENG Mao-lin ZHU Wei-qiu 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1401-1407
An important functioning mechanism of biological macromolecules is the transition between different conformed states due to thermal fluctuation. In the present paper,a biological macromolecule is modeled as two strands with side chains facing each other,and its stochastic dynamics including the statistics of stationary motion and the statistics of conformational transition is studied by using the stochastic averaging method for quasi Hamiltonian systems. The theoretical results are confirmed with the results from Monte Carlo simulation. 相似文献
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《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(3):378-396
Recently, analysis of structural equation models with polytomous and continuous variables has received a lot of attention. However, contributions to the selection of good models are limited. The main objective of this article is to investigate the maximum likelihood estimation of unknown parameters in a general LISREL-type model with mixed polytomous and continuous data and propose a model selection procedure for obtaining good models for the underlying substantive theory. The maximum likelihood estimate is obtained by a Monte Carlo Expectation Maximization algorithm, in which the E step is evaluated via the Gibbs sampler and the M step is completed via the method of conditional maximization. The convergence of the Monte Carlo Expectation Maximization algorithm is monitored by the bridge sampling. A model selection procedure based on Bayes factor and Occam's window search strategy is proposed. The effectiveness of the procedure in accounting for the model uncertainty and in picking good models is discussed. The proposed methodology is illustrated with a real example. 相似文献
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蒙特卡罗方法是一个以概率模型为基础,利用计算机通过多次反复模拟实验完成问题求解的一种数值计算方法。它特别适用于用传统的解析法难以解决甚至是无法解决的问题。文章主要介绍蒙特卡罗方法及基本原理,并通过实例说明蒙特卡罗方法在数学建模中的应用。 相似文献
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This Monte Carlo simulation adds to the growing body of enumeration index performance research in continuous response variable mixture models by addressing the issue of the performance of these indexes in discrete-time survival mixture analysis (DTSMA) models. Results showed that although all enumeration indexes performed very well in identifying a homogeneous DTSMA model (i.e., k = 1 hazard function in the sample data), the findings also showed that the enumeration indexes performed poorly in identifying the correct number of unobserved hazard functions present in a heterogeneous (i.e., k = 3) DTSMA model. More important, the performance of the enumeration indexes for the heterogeneous DTSMA models did not improve as the sample size, the effect of time-invariant covariates, or adjacent hazard function separation distance increased, which is inconsistent with some previous Monte Carlo simulation results. The limitations of this Monte Carlo simulation study and future empirical investigation possibilities are both discussed. 相似文献
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This paper presents a new approach to parallelize 3D lattice Monte Carlo algorithms used in the numerical simulation of polymer on ZiQiang 2000-a cluster of symmetric multiprocessors(SMPs).The combined load for cell and energy calculations over the time step is balanced together to form a single spatial decomposition.Basic aspects and strategies of running Monte Carlo calculations on parallel computers are studied.Different steps involved in porting the software on a parallel architecture based on ZiQiang 2000 running under Linux and MPI are described briefly.It is found that parallelization becomes more advantageous when either the lattice is very large or the model contains many cells and chains. 相似文献
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利用蒙特卡罗算法对伪随机信号分布进行采样处理,依据伪随机信号的概率函数,建立了伪随机信号分析模型,同时给出了误差效果评判方法,可以依据精度要求而选择不同的采样数目。仿真结果中证实了该方法的有效性。 相似文献