共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
周全富 《西安体育学院学报》1999,(4)
决定标枪运动成绩最主要的因素是标枪的出手速度 ,出手速度与运动员最后用力过程中发挥的动作速度密切相关。影响动作速度的因素有体质和技术两方面 ,重视动作速度的训练和选材对提高标枪运动成绩有着十分重要的意义 相似文献
2.
掷标枪中动作速度的作用及训练模式的探讨 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
周全富 《西安体育学院学报》2001,18(3):55-57
决定标枪运动成绩最主要的因素是标枪的出手速度 ,出手速度与运动员最后用力过程中发挥的动作速度密切相关。影响动作速度的因素有体质和技术两方面 ,重视动作速度的训练和选材对提高标枪运动成绩有着十分重要的意义 相似文献
3.
王际燕 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(4):32-33
通过查阅有关文献资料，结合有关理论知识对决定标枪出手速度的相关因素进行研究，使运动员和教练员可以全面、准确的了解各因素对出手速度的影响以及它们之间的相互关系，从而对运动训练起到指导作用。 相似文献
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优秀男子标枪运动员最后出手特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对世界优秀标枪运动员的专项成绩与出手速度、出手角度等因素进行灰色关联分析,揭示了男子优秀标枪运动员最后出手技术的主要特征,为标枪运动训练提供参考。 相似文献
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一、左侧支撑的作用 （一）对三要素的作用 决定标枪远度的因素有三个方面：一是出手的初速度,二是出手的高度,三是出手的角度。除出手角度确定在３０°－３５°之间,另外两个因素应尽可能地增大。左侧支撑做得好,可以提高标枪出手时的初速度和出手高度。 １．对出手初速度的作用 如果没有快速、积极、合理的左腿制动和支撑动作,助跑所获得的动量就不能有效地传递到投掷臂和标枪纵轴上。 ２．对出手高度的作用 左腿支撑是唯一产生垂直速度的动作。如果左腿制动支撑得好,就能够在用力时提高身体重心,使左侧支撑获得的动量迅速通过躯干… 相似文献
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标枪是田赛投掷中器械最轻、技术性要求非常高的项目。标枪的出手速度是决定运动成绩的主要因素之一，而器械出手初速度又取决于投、搓力量的大小和整体动作速度。在爆发力的因素中，力量起主导作用，标枪运动员的训练需要以身体素质全面发展为基础，仅依靠技术是不够的。没有很好的身体素质，特别是力量素质很难获得最大的出手速度。正确认识力量训练的内涵和分类，对力量训练手段的选择和科学地进行力量训练以及保证训练的顺利进行，有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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标枪飞行轨迹的计算机仿真及实际应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
研究采用风洞实验和计算机仿真的方法，计算标枪在三维空间的飞行轨迹，对影响标枪飞行远度的各种因素，如出手速度、出手角度、初始攻角、初始俯仰角速度、初始偏航角等进行了定量分析，本文还根据标枪运动员投掷的实际情况提出了女子标枪运动员的最佳初始条件组合。 相似文献
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标枪项目是在加速助跑后身体高速移动状态下实施投掷动作,技术较复杂,主要要求选手的速度力量和技巧能力,应该比较适合我国选手。
在标枪出手条件中,出手速度是影响标枪飞行距离的首要因素,而合适的出手角度、姿态角等是获得优异成绩的保障因素。选手根据自身特点,应
用适合的投掷技术,在自己的能力范围内,能否投出合适的出手速度、出手角度等是判断选手投掷技术水平的标志。进入“新标枪”时代以后,关于
世界优秀标枪选手出手速度、出手高度、出手角度、姿态角、迎角等出手状态的研究较为丰富,关于最后用力投掷过程中,脚下节奏与步幅、宽-肩-
肘-腕等关节中心的线速度、膝关节与肘关节角度等也有广泛研究,而对于躯干姿态和各主要关节角度变化的详细研究则有待充实。 相似文献
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选定进入2013年全国田径大奖赛（苏州站）女子铅球决赛运动员巩立姣最后用力阶段技术为研究对象,研究结果显示：右侧技术中,右踝关节蹬伸比较积极,右膝角幅度大整个右侧各关节伸展比较充分;左侧技术中,左膝角偏小,蹬伸幅度、左膝关节缓冲幅度与世界优秀运动员一致;最后用力阶段各环节特征技术中,左脚着地瞬间身体重心速度、右髋速度、右肩速度都低于3位优秀运动员,而铅球出手瞬间右肩速度、右肘速度较强,另外最后用力出手瞬间,出手高度和出手速度都低于我国3位世界级优秀运动员相应指标。 相似文献
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对我国优秀女子标枪运动员最后用力阶段右肩与右髋速度特征的三维运动学分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
运用三维运动学分析方法对参加第 13届亚运会的我国 6名优秀女子标枪运动员的最后用力阶段的技术动作进行解析 ,结果表明 :最后用力阶段右髋动作加快与制动的时机不甚理想 ,躯干相关肌群有过早收缩发力的现象 ,从而影响右肩速度的变化 ;发现右肩速度超过右髋速度的时机也不理想 ,右肩与右髋的动量传递效果与右脚的拖拉制动动作连接不紧 ,以至减小了最后用力的效果 相似文献
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男子背向滑步推铅球最后用力阶段髋肩躯干转动的运动学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
余章彪 《天津体育学院学报》2009,24(6):529-532
采用影像分析法、文献资料法、对比分析法等对3名优秀男子背向滑步推铅球选手最后用力时躯干动作变化进行研究与分析,以期掌握滑步推铅球运动员在最后用力过程中躯干转动的动作结构、速度变化等特征,对指导实际教学与训练有重要的现实意义.分析表明,在最后用力过程中,3名运动员的躯干动作是在前振的同时进行有序转动的复合运动.优秀铅球运动员的躯干转动技术表明,最后用力阶段.髋轴先于肩轴达到峰值速度,达到峰值后依次快速下降.在铅球出手瞬间躯干接近垂直状态,有一定程度的"前倾"或"后仰".躯干在过渡阶段的适当前振有利于左腿的积极着地,有利于铅球速度和整个身体重心速度的增加,进而缩短过渡阶段进入最后用力阶段的时间. 相似文献
14.
项丽静 《西安体育学院学报》2012,29(4):501-505
通过运用三维运动学分析的方法,对陕西省优秀男子标枪运动员胡海龙和国内优秀的选手的最后用力技术研究发现,胡海龙最后用力时间严重偏长,特别是双支撑时间过长,过渡阶段技术差,右脚着地瞬间身体重心的速度大,身体移动的速度快,"交叉步"速度快,过渡阶段对身体重心的控制能力减弱,增加了缓冲的时间,右腿蹬伸不积极、左脚着地速度慢。过渡阶段下肢移动速度较快,不利于超越器械动作的形成,用力顺序存在着问题,器械出手瞬间右髋速度较低,下肢向投掷方向蹬伸不积极,转动速度慢。 相似文献
15.
Linthorne NP Everett DJ 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2006,5(2):243-260
We investigated the release angle that maximizes the distance attained in a long soccer throw-in. One male soccer player performed maximum-effort throws using release angles of between 10 and 60 degrees, and the throws were analyzed using two-dimensional videography. The player's optimum release angle was calculated by substituting mathematical expressions for the measured relationships between release speed, release height and release angle into the equations for the flight of a spherical projectile. We found that the musculoskeletal structure of the player's body had a strong influence on the optimum release angle. When using low release angles the player released the ball with a greater release speed and, because the range of a projectile is strongly dependent on the release speed, this bias toward low release angles reduced the optimum release angle to about 30 degrees. Calculations showed that the distance of a throw may be increased by a few metres by launching the ball with a fast backspin, but the ball must be launched at a slightly lower release angle. 相似文献
16.
Timing of ball release in overarm throws affects ball speed in unskilled but not skilled individuals
We tested the hypothesis that variability in the timing of ball release in overarm throws affects ball speed. Nine unskilled and six skilled throwers made 30 throws fast and accurately from a sitting and standing position. Angular positions of finger and arm segments were recorded with search-coils at 1000 Hz; ball speed was measured with a radar gun. The time of ball release from the fingertips was measured with respect to seven arm kinematic reference points. Mean timing windows for ball release were 28?ms for unskilled throwers and 7?ms for skilled throwers. Mixed-model analyses of variance showed that a there was a statistically significant relationship between ball speed and the timing of ball release in unskilled throwers, but not in skilled throwers. This was presumably due to the difference in variability of the timing of ball release between the two groups. In contrast, skilled throwers showed a relationship between ball speed and peak forearm angular velocity (one measure of arm speed). We conclude that although variability in the timing of ball release can affect ball speed, this is only a major factor in unskilled throwers. When skilled throwers throw fast, variability in ball speed is due to variability in arm speed. 相似文献
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Viitasalo J Mononen H Norvapalo K 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2003,2(1):15-34
Range in javelin throwing is determined by the release parameters and aerodynamic factors. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of release speed, release angle and uncorrected angle of attack measured at the foul line on the official javelin throwing result. The data were collected in international competitions for 26 elite male and 15 elite female javelin throwers (total 248 throws). Multiple regression models were constructed to predict the range of throw for a) individual throwers, b) a group of throwers using the mean value for each thrower in the analysis, and c) all individual throws registered for each gender separately. The data collection was carried out using a computerised photocell gate that consists of two invisible infrared walls two metres apart, perpendicular to the throwing direction. Release speed was found to have the highest correlation with the official throwing result. The three release parameters accounted for 56% of the variance in the official result for the male and 51% for the female throwers. For individual male and female throwers, the variance explained by the model was between 46 and 87%. Among the individual male throwers an increase of 1 m.s-1 in the release speed from 29 to 30 m.s-1 was calculated to increase the official result between 2.12 to 6.14 m while among the female throwers the effect of increase from 24 to 25 m.s-1 in the release speed was from 2.25 to 3.68 m. The study emphasises the importance of investigating javelin throwing biomechanics on an individual thrower basis. 相似文献
19.
Timing of ball release in overarm throws affects ball speed in unskilled but not skilled individuals
We tested the hypothesis that variability in the timing of ball release in overarm throws affects ball speed. Nine unskilled and six skilled throwers made 30 throws fast and accurately from a sitting and standing position. Angular positions of finger and arm segments were recorded with search-coils at 1000 Hz; ball speed was measured with a radar gun. The time of ball release from the fingertips was measured with respect to seven arm kinematic reference points. Mean timing windows for ball release were 28 ms for unskilled throwers and 7 ms for skilled throwers. Mixed-model analyses of variance showed that a there was a statistically significant relationship between ball speed and the timing of ball release in unskilled throwers, but not in skilled throwers. This was presumably due to the difference in variability of the timing of ball release between the two groups. In contrast, skilled throwers showed a relationship between ball speed and peak forearm angular velocity (one measure of arm speed). We conclude that although variability in the timing of ball release can affect ball speed, this is only a major factor in unskilled throwers. When skilled throwers throw fast, variability in ball speed is due to variability in arm speed. 相似文献
20.
We examined mechanisms of coordination that enable skilled recreational baseball players to make fast overarm throws with their skilled arm and which are absent or rudimentary in their unskilled arm. Arm segment angular kinematics in three dimensions at 1000 Hz were recorded with the search-coil technique from the arms of eight individuals who on one occasion threw with their skilled right arm and on another with their unskilled left arm. Compared with their unskilled arm, the skilled arm had: a larger angular deceleration of the upper arm in space in the forward horizontal direction; a larger shoulder internal rotation velocity at ball release (unskilled arms had a negative velocity); a period of elbow extension deceleration before ball release; and an increase in wrist velocity with an increase in ball speed. It is suggested that some of these differences in arm kinematics occur because of differences between the skilled and unskilled arms in their ability to control interaction torques (the passive torque at one joint due to motion at adjacent joints). It is proposed that one reason unskilled individuals cannot throw fast is that, unlike their skilled counterparts, they have not developed the coordination mechanisms to effectively exploit interaction torques. 相似文献