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1.
In this study, we aimed to examine the inhibitory effect of PA003, a Pediococcus acidilactici that produces lactic acid and antimicrobial peptides pediocin, on pathogenic biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. PA003 and pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) were used to evaluate auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, biofilm formation and biofilm formation inhibition on stainless steel, polyvinyl chloride and glass slides in terms of exclusion, displacement and competition. The results showed the highest auto-aggregation abilities were observed for one of the E. coli strains EAggEC (E58595) and the highest hydrophobic strain was observed with EPEC (E2348/69) (51.9%). The numbers of biofilm cells of E. coli, S. Typhimurium, S. aureus and L. monocytogenes on stainless steel, polyvinyl chloride and glass slide coupons were effectively reduced by approximately 4 log CFU/coupon. These results demonstrate that lactic acid bacteria can be used as an alternative to effectively control the formation of biofilms by food-borne pathogens. 相似文献
2.
测定了肉桂醛及其衍生物对4种致病菌（金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、炭疽杆菌）的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）.结果表明：肉桂醛、α-溴代肉桂醛、肉桂酸对4种致病菌都有明显的抑菌效果,肉桂醇仅对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑菌效果.4种化合物中抑菌效果最好的是肉桂酸,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、炭疽杆菌的抑菌浓度分别为0.4、0.4、0.6、0.4 mmol/L. 相似文献
3.
壳聚糖及其单体体外抑菌作用研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
[目的]主要研究食品级壳聚糖、水溶性壳聚糖、N 乙酰氨基葡萄糖、氨基葡萄糖硫酸氯化钾复盐的抑菌作用 [方法]利用纸片琼脂扩散法(K B法)观察对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、新型隐球菌有无抑菌作用,利用试管稀释法对有抑菌作用壳聚糖进行最小抑菌浓度(MIC)的测定 [结果]N 乙酰氨基葡萄糖、氨基葡萄糖硫酸氯化钾复盐无抑菌作用,食品级壳聚糖、水溶性壳聚糖有抑菌作用;食品级壳聚糖对大肠杆菌的MIC为2.5%,而对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、新型隐球菌的MIC为1.25%;水溶性壳聚糖对大肠杆菌的MIC为1.25%,而对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、新型隐球菌的MIC为0.625% [结论]氨基单糖及盐无抑菌作用,壳聚糖有一定的抑菌作用,而且低分子壳聚糖比高分子壳聚糖的抑菌活性强 相似文献
4.
Yan-ju Li Neng Zhu Hai-quan Jia Jin-hui Wu Ying Yi Jian-cheng Qi 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(4):254-260
Objective
Chlorine dioxide (CD) gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety laboratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on six materials [stainless steel (SS), painted steel (PS), polyvinyl chlorid (PVC), polyurethane (PU), glass (GS), and cotton cloth (CC)] by CD gas. The main aims of the study were to determine the sporicidal efficacy of CD gas and the effect of prehumidification before decontamination on sporicidal efficacy. 相似文献5.
通过琼脂平板法测定了牛红细胞抗菌肽SP-18对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌活性,以微量肉汤稀释法测定其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）,并在扫描电镜（SEM）下观察其对细菌生物膜的影响.结果表明：SP-18对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌有明显的抑制活性,MIC分别为1.0 mg/mL、0.25 mg/mL;SEM观察发现抗菌肽作用后细菌生物膜发生皱缩、破裂,金黄色葡萄球菌发生膜裂解,大肠杆菌表面出现孔洞结构.研究表明SP-18具有良好的抗菌活性,并通过破坏细菌生物结构的作用机制发挥抑菌效果,在抗菌肽未来的开发应用中具有良好的前景. 相似文献
6.
目的通过在体外复制铜绿假单胞菌（P．a）的生物膜模型,研究盐酸氨溴索与阿米卡星对铜绿假单胞菌生物膜的影响。方法以聚氯乙烯吸痰管作为生物膜载体制作铜绿假单胞菌体外生物膜模型,分别在生物膜形成的不同时间加入3MIC的阿米卡星及不同浓度的盐酸氨溴索,采用连续稀释法进行生物膜内存活菌菌落计数。结果与单独应用阿米卡星组相比,阿米卡星与盐酸氨溴索合用后,生物膜中的活菌数明显减少。成熟生物膜中的活菌数随盐酸氨溴索浓度的增高而减少。结论盐酸氨溴索能增强阿米卡星对生物膜内铜绿假单胞菌的清除作用。 相似文献
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A high-efficiency liquid dishwashing detergent was prepared by using oregano essential oil as an antibacterial agent. The surface cleaning and antibacterial property of the detergent resolved its unifunctionality problem. The antibacterial activities of the detergent were demonstrated through a disk diffusion assay and wipe experiments with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that the prepared detergent was highly effective against E. coli and S. aureus. The results of chemical accelerated tests indicated that the detergent would be effective for at least 1 year. The antibacterial property and detergency performance of the high-efficiency antibacterial liquid dishwashing detergent were compared with those of a commercial antibacterial detergent containing 0.02% o-phenylphenol. The detergency performance of the high-efficiency detergent reached 97.8% and was superior to that of the commercial antibacterial detergent. 相似文献
10.
白花蛇舌草、穿心莲、苍耳和贯众的体外抑菌实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：研究白花蛇舌草、苍耳等4种常见中草药水煎剂和乙醇制剂的体外抑菌性能。方法：采用药敏纸片扩散法确定各中草药对各病原菌抑菌性能及最小抑菌浓度（M IC）。结果：各中草药对不同受试菌均有一定的抑菌性能,其中,穿心莲对枯草杆菌、变形杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有较强抑菌作用,M IC分别为6.25%、12.5%和6.25%;贯众对变形杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌作用较强,M IC均达到12.5%。结论：四种中草药的水煎剂和乙醇制剂对不同受试菌有特定的抑菌作用。 相似文献
11.
研究白茅根提取物的抑菌效果.以水、50%乙醇、乙酸乙酯和丙酮为溶剂对白茅根进行提取,将获得提取物进行抑菌实验.使用药敏纸片法和二倍稀释法测定了其提取物对产气肠杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、假丝酵母及枯草芽孢杆菌5种细菌的抑菌效果.乙酸乙酯提取物对于假丝酵母,水煮提取物对于大肠杆菌,丙酮提取物对于金黄色葡萄球菌,水煮提取物枯草芽孢杆菌及其50%乙醇提取物对于产气肠杆菌的抑菌效果最好,抑菌圈直径分别为12.0、13.0、13.5、13.5和15.0mm.白茅根的各种提取物对供试菌种的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为:白茅根水煮提取物对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果最好,其MIC值为0.125 g/mL;其水煮、50%乙醇及乙酸乙酯提取物对大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌及假丝酵母的MIC值均为0.500 g/mL;而其丙酮提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值为0.250 g/mL.其5种提取物对革兰氏阳性、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌均有一定抑制作用,且对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果最明显. 相似文献
12.
用真空离子镀技术在L316医用不锈钢表面镀上一层氨化钛薄膜,制成氮化钛-不锈钢复合体,并以纯钛及医用L316不锈钢作对照,植入60只小白鼠的胫骨内．经扫描电镜等观察结果表明：氮化钛-不锈钢复合体及纯钛材料与骨之间都形成骨整合及纤维整合界面,但是,氮化钛-不锈钢复合体比纯钛材料骨性结合界面形成早,成骨活跃 相似文献
13.
[目的]研究表皮葡萄球菌的生物膜形成与其相关基因间的关系.[方法]用96孔聚乙烯板进行生物膜形成试验,以PCR法、RT-PCR法检测与生物膜形成相关的基因及其表达.[结果]aap是生物膜形成过程中的必须基因;bhp的编码表达与葡萄糖的存在有一定的关系;ica操纵子在合成PIA时不受葡萄糖添加的影响.[结论]ica操纵子、aap、bhp基因参与表皮葡萄球菌生物膜形成过程. 相似文献
14.
针对内、外焊缝余高过大导致焊缝处应力集中,抵抗动载荷能力下降等影响焊管力学性能的问题,在充分分析焊缝滚压冷轧处理工作流程的基础上,以西门子S7—200PLC为系统核心,EasyView触摸屏为人机界面,提出能够自行调节滚压行程、滚压速度、回程速度、加减速和比例阀控制死区等设置的一整套电气控制方案,完成对小口径不锈钢焊管的内、外焊缝的滚压冷轧处理,解决了以往设备需要依赖进口或调试困难、故障率高、维修难的问题,提高了产品成材率和品质,满足了生产大型电站、锅炉换热器用小口径不锈钢焊接管的生产工艺要求。 相似文献
15.
A study of the behaviour of constructional cold-formed stainless steel beams at elevated temperatures was conducted in this paper. An accurate finite element model （FEM） for stainless steel beams was developed using the finite element program ABAQUS. Stainless steel beams having different cross-sections were simulated in this study. The nonlinear FEM was verified against the experimental results. Generally, the developed FEM could accurately simulate the stainless steel beams. Based on the high temperature stainless steel material test results, a parametric study was carried out on stainless steel beams at elevated temperatures using the verified FEM. Both high strength stainless steel EN 1.4462 and normal strength stainless steel EN 1.4301 were considered. A total of 42 stainless steel beams were simulated in the parametric study. The effect of temperatures on the behaviour of stainless steel beams was investigated. In addition, a limiting temperature for stainless steel beams was also proposed. 相似文献
16.
目的：回顾性的分析某医院重症监护室（ICU）2012年1月1日至2012年12月31日之间感染病原菌的分布及其耐药情况。方法：用VITET-2Compact60全自动微生物分析仪鉴定细菌,K—B纸片扩散法做体外药敏试验,统计、分析细菌的检出率和药敏结果。结果：799份ICU标本,医院感染分离菌株249株,检出率31．16％。首位是洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（60株,24．10％）,其次鲍曼不动杆菌（55株,22．09％）,第三是肺炎克雷伯菌（39株,15．66％）。分离菌中标本来源痰和咽拭子最常见,其次静脉血、静脉导管。洋葱假单胞、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、人葡萄球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗菌药物均具有较高的耐药性。结论：医院感染病原菌中以非发酵菌的检出率最高,其次是肺炎克雷伯菌并且耐药性强。因此治疗医院感染病原菌所致的感染性疾病应根据体外药敏试验结果选用敏感的抗菌药物,减低耐药率。 相似文献
17.
Jing-qing Liu Zhi-feng Luo Ke Liu Yi-fu Zhang Hong-xi Peng Bao-lan Hu Hong-xing Ren Xiao-yan Zhou Shang-de Qiu Xiao-fang He Ping Ye Hamid Bastani Li-ping Lou 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(4):313-328
Biofilm detachment caused by flushing can result in secondary contamination in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). To evaluate the impact of flushing on biofilm detachment, actual water supply pipes including ductile cast iron pipes (DCIPs), gray cast iron pipes (GCIPs), and stainless steel compound pipes (SSCPs) were used in this study. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 454 pyrosequencing were used to quantify bacteria and analyse microbial community composition, respectively. The results showed that the pipe material greatly influences the resistance of a biofilm to flushing. Biofilms attached to DCIPs were able to resist quite strong flushing, while those attached to GCIPs and SSCPs were sensitive to flushing. Both flush-resistant and flush-sensitive bacteria were present in all the biofilms, but their frequency differed among the different metal pipes. Thus, the resistance to flushing of bacteria is related not only to the nature of the bacteria, but also to the pipe material. Although flushing can remove some of the biofilm and may be a good way to clean the DWDS, the shear stress needed to remove the biofilm differs among different pipe types. The results of this study provide technical support for the management and operation of DWDS. 相似文献
18.
The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiments were carried out with four annular reactors （ARs） with stainless steel （SS） or copper （Cu） material slides. The results showed that there were fewer bacteria attached to Cu slides without a disinfectant compared with those attached to SS slides. When the water was disinfected with chloramines, the heterotrophic plate counts （HPCs） on the biofilm attached to the Cu slides were significantly lower （by 3.46 log CFU/cm^2） than those attached to the SS slides. Likewise, the biofilm HPC numbers on the Cu slides were slightly lower （by 1.19 log CFU/cm^2） than those on the SS slides disinfected with chlorine. In a quasi-steady state, the HPC levels on Cu slides can be reduced to 3.0 log CFU/cm^2 with chlorine and to about 0.9 log CFU/cm^2 with chloramines. The addition of chloramines resulted in a more efficient reduction of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria than did chlorine. We concluded that the chlorine and chloramines levels usually employed in water distribution system were not sufficient to prevent the growth and development of microbial biofilm. The combination of copper pipe slides and chloramines as the disinfectant was the most efficient combination to bring about diminished bacterial levels. 相似文献
19.
目的：了解2011年临床分离菌株对常用抗生素的耐药性。方法：采用API鉴定和ATB药敏板条及纸片扩散法对2011年临床分离1127株细菌进行药敏试验。结果：1127株细菌中革兰阴性菌占76．8％,革兰阳性菌占23．2％。革兰阴性菌中前3位为大肠埃希菌45．7％（395／865）、肺炎克雷伯菌10．6％（92／865）和铜绿假单胞菌9．0％（78／865）;革兰阳性菌中前3位为屎肠球菌27．1％（71／262）、金黄色葡萄球菌24．8％（65／262）和表皮葡萄球菌16．0％（42／262）。药敏试验结果显示泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌和不动杆菌检出率分别为19．2％（15／78）和32．8％（23／70）;MRSA和MRCNS分别占金黄色葡萄球菌和CNS的32．3％（21／65）和83．3％（40／48）。结论：定期进行耐药性监测有助于了解细菌耐药性的变迁,为临床用药提供依据。 相似文献
20.
Eleyinmi AF 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(5):352-358
Chemical composition of Gongronema latifolium leaves was determined using standard methods. Aqueous and methanol G. latifolium extracts were tested against thirteen pathogenic bacterial isolates. Crude protein, lipid extract, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen flee extractives obtained are： 27.2%, 6.07%, 11.6%, 10.8% and 44.3% dry matter respectively. Potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and cobalt contents are 332, 110, 115, 125 and 116 mg/kg respectively. Dominant essential amino acids are leucine, valine and phenylalanine. Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and glycine are 13.8%, 11,9% and 10.3% respectively of total amino acid. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are 50.2% and 39.4% of the oil respectively. Palmitic acid makes up 36% of the total fatty acid. Extracts show no activity against E. faecalis, Y. enterolytica, E. aerogenes, B. cereus and E. agglomerans. Methanol extracts were active against S, enteritidis, S. cholerasius ser typhimurium and P. aeruginosa （minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） 1 mg; zone of growth inhibition 7, 6.5 and 7 mm respectively）. Aqueous extracts show activity against E. coli （MIC 5 mg） and P. aeruginosa （MIC 1 mg） while methanol extracts are active against P. aeruginosa and L. monocytogenes. G. lafifolium has potential food and antibacterial uses. 相似文献