共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
This essay describes China’s participation in international science organizations during the past two decades. It argues that,
whilst progress has been made, serious problems remain. It concludes that increased attention to communication and exchange,
and the creation of a favourable international image in science and technology are important priorities for China.
相似文献
| Ang XuEmail: |
2.
Joshua Frank 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(3):215-224
A theoretical model is presented demonstrating how the quality of art output can fall when competition intensifies. When search
costs are high, additional entries beyond a certain threshold are not reviewed, leading to no quality improvement from increasing
the number of products in the pool of potential entries beyond this point. Furthermore, adding marginal quality products into
the pool can dilute the quality of the pool. When firms have perfect judgment, the product selected is the best in the pool
making dilution of the pool unimportant. However, when firms make large errors in judging the quality of entries, the quality
of the selected product will fall when the average quality in the pool falls. A simulation model is utilized in addition to
an analytical model to show likely outcomes with reasonable model parameters.
相似文献
| Joshua FrankEmail: |
3.
Laurel Smith-Doerr 《Minerva》2008,46(1):1-16
Many graduate programmes in science now require courses in ethics. However, little is known about their reception or use.
Using websites and interviews, this essay examines ethics requirements in the field of biosciences in three countries (the
United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Italy) between 2000 and 2005. Evidence suggests that current policies may
be ineffective, and that scientists who take ethical issues seriously are seen as exceptional.
相似文献
| Laurel Smith-DoerrEmail: |
4.
Edgeir Benum 《Minerva》2007,45(4):365-387
This essay explores how the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Norway became linked into a
science policy discourse that radiated throughout the developed world. Despite political differences, this discourse changed
forever the expectations by which Norway’s universities and its fundamental research institutions were to operate.
相似文献
| Edgeir BenumEmail: |
5.
In this article, we examine the objectives of nonprofit arts firms. We approach this problem from both theoretical and empirical
angles, building a structural model of arts nonprofit utility that distinguishes between the maximization of quality, the
organization’s level of service, and its budget. We then construct an empirical method for testing which objective is evident
in firm-level data. As an example application, we test the objectives of the managers of American public radio stations in
the 1990s, finding that about half of stations have discernible objectives. The data show service is not an objective for
about 30% of the stations; quality can be ruled out for 49%; and budget is rejected for 69%. In addition, large stations are
harder to classify by objective than small ones are.
相似文献
| Arthur C. BrooksEmail: |
6.
Isabelle Laboulais 《Minerva》2008,46(1):17-36
The revolutionary period in France marked a turning point in the history of the profession of mining engineering and its relation
to the State. This essay outlines the changing requirements of the revolutionary government, and describes the ways in which
the State and its engineering professionals responded to the challenge of combining science and practice.
相似文献
| Isabelle LaboulaisEmail: |
7.
Assessing cultural values: developing an attitudinal scale 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effective measurement of cultural value is often elusive because of its multidimensional nature. It is also influenced by
sociodemographic characteristics (manifest variables) and attitudinal characteristics (latent variables) of populations. While
the former is easily available to researchers, the latter has not been fully studied. This paper suggests the use of a cultural
worldview scale that was developed to measure cultural attitudes of people, using factor and cluster analysis. Four factors
comprise the scale: cultural linkages, recognition of cultural values, cultural loss and preservation of traditions and customs.
Some advantages of using this scale are demonstrated, and relationships with sociodemographic variables are investigated.
Managerial and policy implications are discussed.
相似文献
| Jeff BennettEmail: |
8.
Peder Anker 《Minerva》2007,45(4):417-434
Buckminster Fuller’s experiences in the Navy became a model for his ecological design projects and suggestions for the global
management of ‘Spaceship Earth’. Inspired by technocratic ideas of the 1930s, Fuller envisaged, in the 1970s, an elitist world
without politics, in which designers were at the helm, steering the planet out of its environmental crises.
相似文献
| Peder AnkerEmail: |
9.
Joe Cox 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(3):201-214
A shared activity or pursuit can have the effect of bringing about cultural convergence in the form of patterns of behaviour
and consumption. This idea is supported by the Axelrod (1997) thesis, which suggests that cultures are more likely to interact and subsequently converge if they have shared traits: one
of these being the use of technology. This paper seeks to apply such a cultural perspective to the body of published literature
on deviations from the law of one price. Adopting a similar methodology to the popular ‘Big Mac’ index, disparity between
official market exchange rate and the real rate of exchange between two currencies is measured using local prices of video
game consoles. The results of the study suggest that, while a degree of pricing and cultural convergence across broad geographic
areas is observed, many major global currencies are trading at levels that are quite significantly different to that which
is suggested by purchasing power parity (PPP) theory.
相似文献
| Joe CoxEmail: |
10.
Mario Coccia 《Minerva》2009,47(1):31-50
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the nature of bureaucratization within public research bodies and its relationship
to scientific performance, focusing on an Italian case-study. The main finding is that the bureaucratization of the research
sector has two dimensions: public research labs have academic bureaucratization since researchers spend an increasing part
of their time in administrative matters (i.e., preparing grant applications, managing grants/projects, and so on); whereas
universities mainly have administrative bureaucratization generated by the increase over time of administrative staff in comparison
with researchers and faculty. In addition, I show that research units with higher bureaucratization have lower scientific
performance.
相似文献
| Mario CocciaEmail: |
11.
12.
Michael Hutter Christian Knebel Gunnar Pietzner Maren Schäfer 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2007,31(4):247-261
The article tests a couple of hypotheses relating to markets where demand is not taken as a given, but subject to sophisticated
and encompassing price-building strategies. The study uses a data set that provides quoted dealer prices for medium-sized
works of 100 leading visual artists from 1970 to 2004. These data are compared with auction price results for works by the
same artists. The study reports significant discrepancies with respect to the relationship between the age of artists and
prices paid for their works in the two markets, and with respect to general price developments in the two markets as measured
by indices.
相似文献
| Michael HutterEmail: |
13.
Jason Potts Stuart Cunningham John Hartley Paul Ormerod 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(3):167-185
We propose a new definition of the creative industries in terms of social network markets. The extant definition of the creative
industries is based on an industrial classification that proceeds in terms of the creative nature of inputs and the intellectual
property nature of outputs. We propose, instead, a new market-based definition in terms of the extent to which both demand
and supply operate in complex social networks. We review and critique the standard creative industries definitions and explain
why we believe a market-based social network definition offers analytic advance. We discuss some empirical, analytic and policy
implications of this new definition.
相似文献
| Jason PottsEmail: |
14.
The protection of copyrights in the music industry has been of paramount concern as the popularity of digital music players,
personal websites, and file-sharing continues to grow, each of which subsequently contributes to the persistence of Internet
music piracy. While the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) links file-sharing to copyright piracy, others argue
that file-sharing allows maximum exposure of artists’ music which in turn increases its value. While this debate continues,
little empirical research has specifically addressed the behavioral aspects of the consumer. In this paper, we use survey
data on university students to study how attitudes toward copyright law along with economic and demographic factors affect
the extent of music copyright violations. We find that while students are responsive to economic incentives and perceptions
of risk, the extent of these incentives has not reversed the overall propensity to engage in file-sharing.
相似文献
| Djeto AssaneEmail: |
15.
For academic administrators, the management of research remains a matter more of hope than expectation. It has proved particularly
difficult to measure quality. Managers typically view research as an ‹asset’. This essay argues that it is more useful to
view research and its management as ‹process’, and explores the implications of doing so for managers and researchers alike.
相似文献
| Paul H. J. HendriksEmail: |
16.
Determining heterogeneous behavior for theater attendance 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Victoria Ateca-Amestoy 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(2):127-151
In this paper we propose and estimate a model of theater participation using the data contained in the 2002 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts from the USA, a dataset widely used to study the determinants of cultural participation. Our contribution relies on the use
of an estimation technique that respects the count data nature of the attendance variable (number of theater performances
that an individual attended) and allows for heterogeneous behavior. By using a Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Model, we can
characterize two distinct behaviors for the observable attendance: a group of never-goers (who never participate) and a subpopulation
that has a positive probability of attending. For this latter group, we can estimate the effect of certain personal variables
on the probability of highest frequency. The results suggest that the proposed model is appropriate for estimating cultural
participation.
相似文献
| Victoria Ateca-AmestoyEmail: |
17.
Todd D. Kendall 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2009,33(1):19-47
Film plays an important role in the American political system, and forms an important branch of the mass media. I analyze
the political contributions of a sample of 996 top film actors, directors, producers, and writers, correlating them with demographic,
family, and career success variables. I find that contributions flow overwhelmingly to left-of-center parties and organizations.
I theorize about the causes of this bias, and argue empirically that, while demographic variables are not completely irrelevant,
Hollywood liberalism is primarily a function of high, publicly visible incomes, and family connections. Neither religion nor
birthplace effects seem to affect political activity in the film business.
相似文献
| Todd D. KendallEmail: |
18.
Andrea Bonaccorsi 《Minerva》2008,46(3):285-315
The article addresses the issue of dynamics of science, in particular of new sciences born in twentieth century and developed
after the Second World War (information science, materials science, life science). The article develops the notion of search
regime as an abstract characterization of dynamic patterns, based on three dimensions: the rate of growth, the degree of internal
diversity of science and the associated dynamics (convergent vs. proliferating), and the nature of complementarity. The article
offers a conceptual discussion for the argument that new sciences follow a different pattern than established sciences and
presents preliminary evidence drawn from original data in particle physics, computer science and nanoscience.
相似文献
| Andrea BonaccorsiEmail: |
19.
This article investigates the effect of a Tony nomination or win on the demand facing a Broadway production using a panel
of weekly revenues for Broadway productions from 1996 to 2007. Our results indicate that the effect of a nomination or win
is positive in the week of the announcement and gradually increases in successive weeks, presumably due to publicity and word-of-mouth.
Winners experience an increase in demand as late as 1 year later when awards are publicized for the following season. Moreover,
nominees that do not win the award are penalized heavily in the weeks following the Award announcements. We find that winning
a Tony Award increases a production’s revenues by 12% in the week immediately following the Awards.
相似文献
| Lesley ChiouEmail: |
20.
Despite the lack of a clear definition of the concept, “cultural diversity” has remained a core issue for more than a decade
(WTO, UNESCO, etc.). The aim of this paper is to begin to fill this gap. We argue that cultural diversity is a multi-dimensional
concept and that accurate metrics must rely on three criteria: variety, balance and disparity. We also stress that supplied
and consumed diversity have to be distinguished. We apply this set of multiple measures of diversity to publishing data for
France over the period 1990–2003. Our main result is that the situation of the publishing industry in terms of cultural diversity
is highly dependent on the dimension considered. Hence, diversity increases when variety is the sole consideration, whereas
taking balance or disparity into account leads to the opposite conclusion. This issue raises a series of questions about the
use of diversity measures in a policy debate concerned with furthering cultural diversity.
相似文献
| Stéphanie PeltierEmail: |