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投掷项目最后用力顺序探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对投掷项目最后用力阶段存在问题的分类认识,以及对最后用力阶段运动学特征、解剖学特点、运动环节间力量传递基本原理的深入分析,认为:对投掷最后用力顺序的认识,属于特定阶段用力顺序的认识,对其认识不能脱离该阶段技术自身的本质特征;投掷最后用力顺序是右侧腿的踝、膝、髋肌肉依次发力;用力顺序与力的传导顺序是一致的。 相似文献
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论投掷铁饼旋转中的最后用力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从:1)最后用力技术动作的表现形式;2)最后用力技术存在的问题;3)改进最后用力有效的途径三个方面对投掷铁饼旋转中的最后用力进行了简要论述。 相似文献
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掷标枪的技术表现为通过持枪助跑获得最大速度,顺利完成由助跑向最后用力的过渡,并在最后用力中利用肌肉的依次收缩,使动作达到最大速度,按照最适宜的出手角度将枪经肩上掷入正确的运行轨道。在这个过程中,最后用力这个部分起着至关重要的作用。在这个最后用力过程中,左侧支撑的效果好坏,关系到能否将支撑反作用力有效地依次传递到标枪上,也关系到能否将身体重心移到必要的高度,还关系到能否达到合理的出手高度并沿着适宜的角度投出,影响到最后用力的效果,从而直接影响投掷成绩。多年来,在掷标枪技术的教学训练、研究中,对最后用力阶段的右腿、髋部、上体等动作研究颇多,而对左侧支撑的作用研究相对较少。笔者通过实践和对优秀运动员技术动作的观察分析,在阅读有关文章,走访专家的基础上,加深了对最后用力技术特别是左侧支撑技术的认识。本文分析均以右手投掷标枪为例。 相似文献
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最后用力技术对于每一位标枪运动员来说都是非常的重要,本文就投掷标枪的最后用力技术做一简要分析。除了序言和结语之外,本文可分为三部分:第一部分是合理的最后用力技术动作原理,第二部分是合理的最后用力技术动作过程,第三部分是我国标枪运动员的最后用力技术动作类型,旨在说明侧弓式最后用力技术是最为合理和应用的技术动作。 相似文献
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对掷标枪最后用力阶段右腿用力形式的再认识 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在查阅大量相关献资料和对优秀标枪运动员技术图片进行分析的基础上，揭示了掷标枪最后用力阶段右腿用力的特点，剖析了右腿最后用力阶段的用力形式及所发挥的重要作用。 相似文献
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标枪“最后用力”的技术分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
论述了掷标枪技术中“最后用力”的实质及身体各部位在最后用力过程中的作用;指出了“最后用力”与“原地投掷”是两个不同的概念;提出了“提高力量利用率”的投掷观念. 相似文献
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通过对3种非投掷臂技术类型在标枪最后用力阶段中的作用进行实验性研究,并用方差分析法和数理统计法进行效果分析,结果表明A型技术类型的非投掷臂技术在最后用力技术中所起的作用最大,效果最好,为标枪教学与训练提供参考。 相似文献
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关于投掷最后用力中用力顺序的探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
我国投掷界对最后用力阶段的用力顺序看法比较一致,认为用力的顺序是自下而上,即腿一髋一躯干(腰、胸)一臂一手。对此,我们有不同的看法,认为正确的用力顺序是髋先发力,然后再向上向下同时发展。在髋动之初,腿的作用仅是一种被动的支撑,其主动用力应在髋动之后。不同认识的用力顺序与最后用力阶段的划分有关,单支撑和双支撑的最后用力阶段分别是不同认识的缘由。双支撑的最后用力是正确用力顺序的基础。用力顺序中的“用力”是一种人为的用力过程,而不是被动过程,是人的主动参与而不是被动接受。从而排除了腿的先动,否定了自下而上的用力顺序。在双支撑状态下的最后用力中强调髋的先动和加强髋周围肌群的力量将有助于投掷运动成绩的提高。 相似文献
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铅球最后用力的理论与训练 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
在对铅球最后用力概念界定的基础上，重新划分铅球最后用力阶段，并论述了单支撑最后用力的积极意义及专项力量的训练。通过对大量文献资料进行数理统计和综合分析，提出了划分铅球最后用力阶段的新观点：推铅球最后用力阶段，是从滑步过程中支撑腿水平方向上运动结束之时开始到铅球离手的过程。整个最后用力阶段分为单支撑用力和双支撑用力出手两个阶段，单支撑最后用力阶段对减小铅球预先速度的损耗、加快左脚着地和拉长工作肌有重要意义。在训练中采用切割组合训练方法可有效地把力量与技术紧密的结合在一起，加强快速力量训练，尤其下肢爆发力和制动力量。 相似文献
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最后用力阶段非投掷臂摆动特征对铅球技术的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
笔者通过影片拍摄与解析 ,对铅球运动员最后用力阶段非投掷臂的运动学特征分析 ,发现 :非投掷臂摆动的速度、轨迹和摆动时机 ,会直接引起部分身体环节的变化 ,乃至影响到铅球运动员正常技术发挥和投掷成绩。 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、数理统计法、比较分析法对第1-16届世锦赛男子投掷成绩发展变化特征进行分析，并根据灰色预测模型及置信区间对第17届世锦赛男子投掷各单项前8名平均成绩进行预测，结合当前我国男子投掷竞技表现，为我国男子投掷成功备战第17届世锦赛提供参考。结果表明：男子铅球和铁饼成绩变化起伏不大且正处于上升阶段；男子标枪正处在发展的黄金时期，竞技水平较高，竞争激烈；男子链球成绩正呈现下降趋势，且下降幅度较大；第17届世锦赛男子铅球、铁饼、标枪及链球前8名平均成绩预测值分别为21.50m、66.23m、88.79m、77.06m，从预测值来看，第17届世锦赛男子铅球和标枪前8名平均成绩会有一定幅度上升，而男子铁饼和链球前8名平均成绩会出现小幅度下降，我国男子投掷应根据自身竞技水平、世锦赛男子投掷各单项成绩发展特征及预测情况进行针对性训练、排兵布阵；另外通过分析世界男子投掷项目成绩发展变化趋势，从运动员选材、运动训练、投掷技术给我国教练员及运动员提出建议。 相似文献
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Jemima Grace Spathis Mark James Connick Emma Maree Beckman Peter Anthony Newcombe Sean Michael Tweedy 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(8):863-871
Paralympic throwing events for athletes with physical impairments comprise seated and standing javelin, shot put, discus and seated club throwing. Identification of talented throwers would enable prediction of future success and promote participation; however, a valid and reliable talent identification battery for Paralympic throwing has not been reported. This study evaluates the reliability and validity of a talent identification battery for Paralympic throws. Participants were non-disabled so that impairment would not confound analyses, and results would provide an indication of normative performance. Twenty-eight non-disabled participants (13 M; 15 F) aged 23.6 years (±5.44) performed five kinematically distinct criterion throws (three seated, two standing) and nine talent identification tests (three anthropometric, six motor); 23 were tested a second time to evaluate test–retest reliability. Talent identification test–retest reliability was evaluated using Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots (Limits of Agreement). Spearman’s correlation assessed strength of association between criterion throws and talent identification tests. Reliability was generally acceptable (mean ICC = 0.89), but two seated talent identification tests require more extensive familiarisation. Correlation strength (mean rs = 0.76) indicated that the talent identification tests can be used to validly identify individuals with competitively advantageous attributes for each of the five kinematically distinct throwing activities. Results facilitate further research in this understudied area. 相似文献
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运用力学原理，经分析和数理推导，提出因助跑速度和最后用力使铅球所产生的速度方向不同，滑步推铅球的出手初速度是随出手角改变而变化的变量，原理论“最佳出手角”是以出手初速度为定量的基础上推算出来的，仅适用于原地推铅球，并推导出随出手角变化，出手初速度和射程的计算公式，分析助跑速度和出手角变化对出手初速度和射程的影响．提出新的最佳出手角。 相似文献
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Laetitia Fradet Maïtel Botcazou Carole Durocher Armel Cretual Franck Multon Jacques PRIOUX 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):439-447
Previous studies on overarm throwing have described a proximal-to-distal segmental sequence. The proximal segments reached their maximal linear velocities before the distal ones. In handball, no study has demonstrated this sequence from the upper torso to the wrist, although a recent study did present a different organization. The aim of this study was to analyse the throwing arm segmental organization during handball throwing. We found that the maximal linear velocity of the shoulder occurred after the maximal linear velocity of the elbow. Moreover, the maximal angular velocity of the upper torso occurred later than that of the elbow. Hence, contrary to other disciplines, the rotation of the upper torso was not suddenly stopped just after the forward arm motion was initiated. These results may apply to handball in general or be specific to the population of handball players studied. It may be advisable in future studies to include international players. 相似文献
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Roland van den Tillaar 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(20):1976-1982
The aim of this study was to compare the active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the glenohumeral external rotation with the maximal external rotation and throwing performance during different throws with different wind-up techniques in elite team handball players. Twenty-two elite team handball players participated in the study in which the maximal ball release velocity and maximal external rotation during standing, with run-up and jump throws with two types of wind-ups were measured together with the maximal active and passive glenohumeral ROM of the external rotation, lying supine on a bench. Higher maximal external rotation was found during the throws with the whip-like wind-up in comparison to circular-like wind-up throws together with a lower external rotation during the active ROM test. No correlations were found between the ROM of the external rotation with the maximal ball release velocity and the maximal external rotation measured during the throws. It was concluded that ROM of the external rotation measured on the bench does not give any information about the maximal throwing performance or the external rotation angle during throwing and therefore cannot be used to identify potential fast throwers or injuries in elite team handball players. 相似文献
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对推铅球最后用力阶段左侧支撑用力技术效果的进一步研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
本研究用两部高速摄影机及两台瑞士产KISTLER测力台对我国10名优秀铅球运动员最后用力动作进行了测试。结果表明:①左脚着地后的突停制动与蹬伸动作对提高投掷效果有良好效应;②左腿强有力的支撑与快速蹬伸与投掷效果高度相关;③左臂、左肩及躯干的转动式鞭打动作与力效应特点,以及力梯度、垂直冲量、平面力矢分析进一步表明了左侧支撑用力技术与提高投掷效果的关系;④为用术语方便起见,可将左侧支撑用力技术简称为左侧撑蹬。 相似文献
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Hillary A. Plummer 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(2):182-188
Team handball is a popular sport worldwide that requires numerous throws to be made throughout the course of a game. Because of the upper extremity demands of repetitive throwing, it is possible that fatigue can alter the mechanics of a shot. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of localised fatigue on jump shot kinematics and kinetics. Eleven male team handball players (23.1 ± 3.1 years; 185.1 ± 8.3 cm; 89.7 ± 12.2 kg) volunteered. An electromagnetic tracking system was used to examine the jump shot prior to and following localised fatigue. The fatiguing protocol consisted of throwing a 2.2 kg medicine ball into a rebounder until volitional fatigue. No significant kinematic or kinetic differences were observed following fatigue. Shoulder external rotation was ?74.8 ± 14.9° prior to and ?79.0 ± 14.7° following fatigue at MER. Scapula, external rotation at ball release (BR) prior to fatigue was ?2.2 ± 7.0° and ?3.2 ± 11.1° following fatigue. Scapular internal rotation, at maximum shoulder internal rotation (MIR), changed from 18.4 ± 11.2° to 20.4 ± 11.8°. Ball velocity decreased from19.8 m · s–1 to 18.8 m · s–1 (P = 0.12). Accuracy percentage in the pre-fatigue trials was 60.8 ± 14.1% and 52.8 ± 12.7% following fatigue (P = 0.20). While no significant changes were observed, it is possible that other fatiguing protocols that more closely represent the aerobic and throwing demands of the sport may have a greater effect on the kinematics and kinetics of the jump shot. 相似文献