共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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《体育科技文献通报》1999,(7)
G884.03,HL006 9903280女子举重运动员等动肌力及动作技术的分析[HL,中,A]/陆爱云,刘巍中,胡贤豪,罗海涛∥第五届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编.-1997.-427-428(XG)女子∥举重∥等动收缩∥肌肉力量∥技术∥功率∥发力∥力矩本课题主要对发力阶段关节角度变化的特点及其与等动肌力矩的关系、发力阶段杠铃速度与等动肌力指标的关系、杠铃速度与同一运动方式的不同肌力指标的关系进行了研究。测试完全按 Cybex 使用手册中的步骤进行,测试速度按标准方式选择60°/S、180° 相似文献
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采用德国IsoMed 2000等速肌力测试仪,对17名健将（健将组）和18名一级（一级组）男子举重运动员进行双侧髋、膝和踝关节60°/s、120°/s、180°/s和240°/s向心、离心（每种角速度5次）测试。探讨优秀男子举重运动员下肢关节不同角速度等速肌力的特征,比较健将与一级组间差异,对健将组下肢关节相对峰力矩与相对专项成绩进行Pearson相关分析,并建立抓、挺举与峰力矩多元线性回归方程。结果显示,优秀男子举重运动员的髋关节相对伸爆发力与相对抓举呈高度显著正相关,髋关节中速（120°/s）、膝踝关节相对伸爆发力与相对抓举呈中度显著正相关,而踝关节相对屈绝对力呈中度显著负相关;髋关节相对伸爆发力与相对挺举呈高度显著正相关,左膝（挺举弓步腿）相对中速（120°/s）、爆发力和踝关节相对爆发力与相对挺举呈中度显著正相关。 相似文献
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在举重运动中,运动员的速度力量素质具有极其重要的作用,这是因为在完成比赛动作的过程中,用力的速度是关键。这一素质的发展水平,决定了运动的成绩,并对举重运动员的技术水平有着本质的影响。因此,本文将着重探讨:(1)确定举重运动员速度力量发展水平的最佳信息标准;(2)研究举重运动员的技术水平与速度力量训练水平的相互关系。对大家来说,评价速度力量素质的简单而又可靠的,切实可行的标准,是阿巴拉科夫的原地起跳高度。对举重项目来说,这种评价方法显得尤为重要,因为在举重的标准动作中,主要由腿部肌肉承担负荷。况且,抓举和挺举的发力动作,跟原地向上跳的动 相似文献
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通过位移和速度传感器对举重专项练习的实时测试,获得举重运动员发力上拉杠铃的力学数据。结果显示运动员提拉杠铃的最大高度、最大速度和提拉重量之间存在显著性负相关;最大速度出现的相对高度因人而异,彼此显著差异;最大力、最大功率与提拉重量没有明显相关关系。通过次极限重量的回归估计,可得到每个运动员的极限提拉重量。分析表明此极限重量与每个运动员的抓举挺举成绩显著相关,从而较细致的量化运动员的提拉能力;在次重量练习过程评估运动员的能力增长状况;有效地监控训练效果,客观地评价运动能力。 相似文献
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我国优秀男子举重运动员技术监测分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用动力测试与摄像解析相结合的方法 ,对国家男子举重队占旭刚、石智勇等 9人的技术动作进行诊断和评价 ,为改进技术、提高成绩提供科学依据。研究结果表明 ,抓举测试中一些运动员引膝角度不合理 ,展髋抬体幅度偏大 ;挺举测试中张国政引膝时间较长 ,压力调整不合理。跳步动作是维持接铃支撑平衡的补偿性动作 ,运动员杠铃上送距离较大 ,造成过大的回落距离和速度。占旭刚在挺举 180 kg接铃时杠铃回落的距离和速度过大 ,再加上其退让性缓冲不足 ,下砸力过大而导致动作失败。发力后接铃支撑时 ,人、杠铃压力中心移动过大和 Fz对 X轴出现大的单向力矩是失败的技术原因 相似文献
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目的：探讨优秀女子举重运动员抓举动作的动力学特点。方法：采用比利时产Footscan足底压力测试系统对四名优秀女子举重运动员的四次成功抓举动作进行分析。结果：（1）四人在抓举整个过程中,身体压力中心的左右波动幅度均大于前后波动幅度。其中发力阶段左右和前后波动最大,而下蹲支撑阶段和提铃阶段波动较小;（2）与其他阶段相比,下蹲支撑阶段的压力中心运动轨迹最小;（3）在抓举整个过程中,身体稳定性顺序为下蹲支撑阶段〉提铃阶段〉上举阶段〉发力阶段,阶段总压力差表现为发力阶段〉下蹲支撑阶段〉上举阶段〉提铃阶段。结论：四人在抓举过程中符合＂近、快、低＂、和下蹲＂低、稳＂的要求。付小娟需加强提铃和上举阶段身体的稳定性,郭晴和张茜需加强发力阶段的稳定性。 相似文献
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举重运动中,下蹲式抓举技术被广泛应用几十年来,抓举专项运动成绩得到了很大提高。尽管在研究与分析下蹲式抓举技术时,可将整个下蹲式抓举技术动作分为几个时期与阶段。但是,提铃发力后下蹲这一环节中的下蹲速度快慢与否,往往能对下蹲式抓举是否取得成功起到关键性的作用,这也是抓举技术中的关键环节之一。 相似文献
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举重运动员身体素质训练的内容包括专项身体素质训练和一般身体素质训练两个方面。举重的专项素质是力量和速度,也就是爆发力,从举重的竞赛动作抓举和挺举这两项来看,都是要求爆发力很强;一般身体素质则是灵巧、柔韧和耐力等。 相似文献
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胡维予 《上海体育学院学报》1959,(3)
举重项目的教学内容包括三项标准动作(两手推举,两手抓举,两手挺举)和一般发展身体与专门辅助动作。在过去几年的教学工作中我对举重三项标准动作与一般发展身体与专门辅助动作的教学,曾采用过不同的程序。一九五四年我在教学中采用了先教两手抓举,后教两手推举,再教两手挺举,和一般发展身体与专门辅助动作。这样安排的目的是因为抓举技术较难掌握,想先突破这一教学难关。一九 相似文献
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举重抓举和下蹲翻运动学比较与用力特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
运用三维运动学的研究方法对参加2003年全国女子举重锦标赛的10名运动员的抓举和下蹲翻进行运动学分析并对力量的特点进行比较分析;运用逆向动力学方法对两种技术动作的主要关节的净力矩进行比较分析。结果表明,膝关节角度在提铃离地时刻有显著性的差异;对力量参数回归分析表明,运动员抓举杠铃重量的能力很大程度上取决于运动员所能够输出的最大功率,而运动员下蹲翻杠铃重量的能力很大程度上取决于运动员对杠铃的作用力的积累过程;对于抓举和下蹲翻动作髋关节净力矩分析表明,对于抓举,髋关节最大净力矩与对应此时刻的髋关节角度呈负相关,而对于下蹲翻,髋关节最大净力矩则与所试举的杠铃重量呈正相关。 相似文献
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目的:通过对湖南师范大学9名北狮运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试,为揭示该项运动膝关节肌群收缩的生物力学特性提供实验依据。方法:采用BIODEX SYSTEM 3等速测试系统对湖南师范大学北狮运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试,测试指标为峰力矩、相对峰力矩、屈伸肌峰力矩比、平均功率及做功疲劳度。结果:1)北狮运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌峰力矩和相对峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势;2)狮头狮尾屈伸肌群峰力矩比值和做功疲劳度无显著性差异;3)狮头狮尾左右膝关节同一肌群峰力矩无显著性差异。结论:舞狮运动员膝关节肌群峰力矩变化随测试速度的增加而减少,平均功率呈现随运动速度的增加而增加,到达一定速度后随速度的增加而减少的特征。 相似文献
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采用文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对我国优秀女子举重运动员主要专项辅助动作成绩与竞赛动作成绩进行相关研究。结果显示:主要专项辅助动作成绩与竞赛动作成绩具高度显著性相关;高抓、高翻借力推、宽硬拉成绩与抓举成绩,下蹲翻半挺成绩与挺举成绩直接相关;高抓、高翻借力推、下蹲翻半挺成绩共同作用影响抓举成绩;下蹲翻半挺、前深蹲成绩共同作用影响挺举成绩;主要专项辅助动作成绩受爆发力和绝对力量的影响。 相似文献
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Determination of the strongest possible relationship between isokinetic quadriceps and functional performance measurements in healthy females would allow sports medicine practitioners to establish normative values when examining muscular performance in injured females. Previous attempts to correlate both measurements have, however, produced inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of allometric scaling, isokinetic testing velocities, reciprocal and non-reciprocal isokinetic testing on the relationship between countermovement jump (CMJ) and isokinetic quadriceps torque and power in recreational females athletes. Seventeen females (age 21.0 +/- 2.0 years, body mass index 19.5 +/- 1.0 kg x m(-2)) performed isokinetic quadriceps and CMJ tests. Isokinetic peak torque and average power were obtained reciprocally and non-reciprocally at 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1), and were corrected for body mass by allometric modelling. Pearson product-moment correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between the isokinetic parameters and the CMJ measurements. Coefficients of determination (r(2)) were calculated to determine the magnitude of common variance. The r-values for all non-allometrically modelled non-reciprocal parameters were greater (r = 0.58-0.63) than isokinetic parameters obtained reciprocally (r = 0.28-0.47). Using allometric scaling, non-reciprocal isokinetic data accounted for an additional 2-9% of the CMJ height variance, and statistically significant correlations were obtained at both 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1). Allometrically scaled, non-reciprocal isokinetic peak torque and average power at 1.05 rad x s(-1) had the highest correlation with CMJ (r(2) = 0.49). At both 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1), non-reciprocal quadriceps parameters correlated more closely with CMJ measurements than do reciprocal contractions. Normalization for body size by allometrically scaling may further improve correlations with CMJ performance. 相似文献
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Cramer JT Beck TW Housh TJ Massey LL Marek SM Danglemeier S Purkayastha S Culbertson JY Fitz KA Egan AD 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(6):687-698
The aims of this study were to examine the acute effects of static stretching on peak torque, work, the joint angle at peak torque, acceleration time, isokinetic range of motion, mechanomyographic amplitude, and electromyographic amplitude of the rectus femoris during maximal concentric isokinetic leg extensions at 1.04 and 5.23 rad x s(-1) in men and women. Ten women (mean +/- s: age 23.0 +/- 2.9 years, stature 1.61 +/- 0.12 m, mass 63.3 +/- 9.9 kg) and eight men (age 21.4 +/- 3.0 years, stature 1.83 +/- 0.11 m, mass 83.1 +/- 15.2 kg) performed maximal voluntary concentric isokinetic leg extensions at 1.04 and 5.23 rad x s(-1). Following the initial isokinetic tests, the dominant leg extensors were stretched using four static stretching exercises. After the stretching, the isokinetic tests were repeated. Peak torque, acceleration time, and electromyographic amplitude decreased (P< or = 0.05) from pre- to post-stretching at 1.04 and 5.23 rad . s(-1); there were no changes (P > 0.05) in work, joint angle at peak torque, isokinetic range of motion, or mechanomyographic amplitude. These findings indicate no stretching-related changes in the area under the angle - torque curve (work), but a significant decrease in peak torque, which suggests that static stretching may cause a "flattening" of the angle - torque curve that reduces peak strength but allows for greater force production at other joint angles. These findings, in conjunction with the increased limb acceleration rates (decreased acceleration time) observed in the present study, provide tentative support for the hypothesis that static stretching alters the angle - torque relationship and/or sarcomere shortening velocity. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess isokinetic torque, work and power between non-injured, ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals. Ten healthy, non-injured individuals, seven unilateral ACL-deficient individuals and six unilateral ACL-reconstructed individuals were assessed for isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength at 1.05 and 3.14 rad ·s -1 . Peak torque, total work, average power and the ratio of peak torque to body mass were computed for both velocities. Peak torque was also corrected for body mass, using allometric modelling. The non-injured individuals showed significantly greater quadriceps peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals at both velocities, and greater hamstring peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient group at 3.14 rad · s -1 ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals displayed greater quadriceps and hamstring peak torque, total work and average power than the non-injured individuals at 1.05 rad · s -1 ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals also displayed significantly greater peak torque, total work and average power than the ACL-reconstructed individuals for the quadriceps at both velocities ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals demonstrated greater hamstring peak torque and total work than the non-injured individuals at both velocities ( P ? 0.05). The allometrically modelled peak torques at both isokinetic velocities demonstrated that the quadriceps muscle values were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb. The hamstring peak torques corrected for body mass were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb only at 1.05 rad ·s -1 . The main finding from the present study is that isokinetic measures in ratio-scaled or absolute units yield a different outcome and, hence, interpretation compared with the allometric approach. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess isokinetic torque, work and power between non-injured, ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals. Ten healthy, non-injured individuals, seven unilateral ACL-deficient individuals and six unilateral ACL-reconstructed individuals were assessed for isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength at 1.05 and 3.14 rad.s-1. Peak torque, total work, average power and the ratio of peak torque to body mass were computed for both velocities. Peak torque was also corrected for body mass, using allometric modelling. The non-injured individuals showed significantly greater quadriceps peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals at both velocities, and greater hamstring peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient group at 3.14 rad.s-1 (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals displayed greater quadriceps and hamstring peak torque, total work and average power than the non-injured individuals at 1.05 rad.s-1 (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals also displayed significantly greater peak torque, total work and average power than the ACL-reconstructed individuals for the quadriceps at both velocities (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals demonstrated greater hamstring peak torque and total work than the non-injured individuals at both velocities (P < 0.05). The allometrically modelled peak torques at both isokinetic velocities demonstrated that the quadriceps muscle values were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb. The hamstring peak torques corrected for body mass were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb only at 1.05 rad.s-1. The main finding from the present study is that isokinetic measures in ratio-scaled or absolute units yield a different outcome and, hence, interpretation compared with the allometric approach. 相似文献
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我国优秀举重运动员体能模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以我国优秀举重运动员为研究对象,通过文献资料调研和数理统计的等方法,建立我国优秀举重运动员体能模型(包括指标模型、权重模型、均值模型与评价体系)。结果表明,优秀举重运动员体能指标模型包括:肩宽、髂宽指数、克托莱指数、血睾酮、高抓、借力推、体前屈等7个指标;指标权重模型中,以高抓占有最大权重(0.52),髂宽指数所占权重最小(0.03);另外,不同重量级别之间,肩宽、克托莱指数、高抓、借力推4个指标的差异具有显著性,以重量级最大,中量级次之,轻量级最小。在我国优秀举重运动员体能模型评价体系中,虽然不同性别各重量级别各指标的单项评分标准各不相同,但对其综合评价时,各等级标准相差不大。 相似文献
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自由式滑雪女子空中技巧优秀运动员下肢肌力与静态平衡能力特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用等速测试和平衡测试方法,对我国优秀自由式滑雪空中技巧女子运动员的髋关节、膝关节屈肌力和伸肌力以及4种站姿下的静态平衡能力特征进行研究。结果表明髋关节右侧屈伸肌力、屈伸肌力比、平均功率值稍大于左侧屈肌力量,膝关节伸肌左、右侧单位体重峰力矩和左、右侧平均功率4个指标数值均大于屈肌,在60°/s（慢速）和240°/s（快速）不同的测试速度下,单位体重屈伸峰力矩、屈伸平均功率、屈伸肌力、平均功率随着测试速度的增加出现了显著性差异;正常双脚站立的平衡性大于单脚站立的平衡性。建议合理控制体重及均衡的训练肌肉力量,在适度提高运动速度的情况下,加强下肢伸肌力量的训练,为运动员进行针对性的力量训练、训练后肌肉效果的评价、运动员选材提供科学依据及有价值的理论参考。 相似文献