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Oksana Afitska 《美中教育评论》2014,(8):517-535
Over the last decade, there has been an increased interest in investigation of assessment for learning. However, to date, there are still very few studies that investigated assessment for language learning or formative language assessment, focusing particularly on： （a） effects of formative assessment on learners＇ linguistic development and on teachers＇ teaching and lesson planning; （b） variables influencing the frequency and extent of effectiveness of formative assessment; （c） teachers＇ and learners＇ views on teacher feedback and learner peer- and self- assessment; and （d） fulfilment of the requirements set in the official United Kingdom （UK） policy documents on effective teaching and assessment of learners with English as an additional language （EAL）, also known as English as an second language （ESL） in the United States （U.S.）, in real classrooms. This article addressed these issues, and thus, extended the limited knowledge base on formative language assessment research to date. Moreover, through examining classroom-embedded language assessment processes from various perspectives, this research paper made a link between two research areas： （a） language testing and assessment; and （b） second language acquisition, also a relatively neglected field of research. This paper investigated two intact primary immersion classrooms, with learners as young as 8-10 years old and teachers whose teaching roles in the classrooms differed; two teachers were mainstream classroom teachers （CTs） and one was a mainstream teacher with specific responsibilities for language development in the school. The data were derived from literacy, numeracy, and science lessons through classroom observations and from the research participants through interviews. The data were firstly transcribed and coded qualitatively and then analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings revealed that various language assessment strategies were used regardless of the subject area of the les 相似文献
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Vinita Gaikwad 《美中教育评论》2014,(7):490-499
Grammar is an important aspect of English language pedagogy in China and is taught as a subject of study in Chinese primary and high schools. Despite studying grammar for several years, however, high school graduates find it difficult to express their ideas in English especially when they are asked to write essays at university. This article reports a study that investigates students＇ views regarding the study of grammar when contextualized to their writing courses. It was found that students appreciate contextualized study of grammar as opposed to isolated learning of grammar using memorization, drills, and practices. The study suggests that a shift in the aims and methods of teaching English in high schools is necessary if students＇ preferences, which are consistent with research literature in second language teaching, are to be taken into consideration. 相似文献
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A prediction model of foreign language reading proficiency based on reading time and text complexity
In textbooks, foreign （second） language reading proficiency is often evaluated through comprehension questions. In case, authentic texts are used as reading material, such questions should be prepared by teachers. However, preparing appropriate questions may be a very demanding task for teachers. This paper introduces a method for automatically evaluating proficiency, wherein comprehension questions are not required. This method assesses a learner＇s reading proficiency on the basis of the linguistic features of the text and the learner＇s reading time. A reading model following this method predicted reading proficiency with an ER （error rate） of 18.2%. This ER is lower than those of models proposed in previous studies. Furthermore, the ER of the authors＇ reading model for various learner groups classified by their RS （reading speeds） was examined. The result of this examination showed that the error rate was the lowest for the group of learners with fast RS. 相似文献
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Wu Ji-hong 《美中教育评论》2014,(5):338-345
It is of great importance to obtain good collocation knowledge for fluent and appropriate language use as many words are used in a limited set of collocations. Studies on cognitive linguistics show that cognitive factors play an important role in collocation study as most collocations are metaphorically motivated, and that collocational behavior is influenced by a number of factors, including the semantics of the individual items themselves, the influence of other well-established meanings, the influence of metaphor, the influence of semantic prosody, etc.. Therefore, it is significant to explain and teach certain types of collocations in language teaching by considering the underlying factors which influence the collocational process. Chinese English as a foreign language （EFL） learners have some special collocation problems in their English learning, which not only result from grammatical incompetence, but also from their lack of conceptual fluency and metaphor competence. The disclosure of similarities and differences between the conceptual systems of English and Chinese will help to illuminate the nature of negative transfer of their first language in collocation acquisition of Chinese EFL learners. The author of the paper, by disclosing the interaction between collocation and metaphor from cognitive, linguistic, and social perspectives, proposes semantic-oriented principle, pragmatics-oriented principle, and culture-oriented principle to incorporate cognitive factors to collocation teaching. It is suggested that stress should be given to the teaching of conceptual metaphor and its mechanisms in collocation teaching before students can finally improve collocation competence with a focus on metaphor awareness. 相似文献
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Critical reflection is regarded as a high-level reflective practice and promoted by many reflective practice programs This article aims to criticize it from two aspects： conceptual perspective and practical perspective. Based on the understanding of it as self-reflection, being critical can be regarded as one feature and consequence of any type of reflective practice. Owing to cultural differences, critical reflection faces many obstacles in practice. Meeting teachers＇ needs, rather than designing the hierarchy, is suggested to be a criterion of good quality reflection. 相似文献
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Syed Zubair Haider Athar Hussain 《美中教育评论》2014,(7):465-480
Teachers always played a significant role in the intellectual and moral development of students by using various techniques, assessments, and methods to improve student achievement in school＇s subjects. This study therefore focuses on the effect of teacher factors, such as assessment interval, communication language, the distance of residence, and the teacher＇s personal characteristics （gender, age, academic and professional qualification, designation, experience, and in-service training） on the 9th grade students＇ achievement in three subjects （English, Chemistry, and Mathematics at secondary level）. The population of the study is comprised of all ＂public sector＂ secondary schools, male and female teachers, and boy and girl students. A total number of 16 secondary schools （eight for boys and eight for girls）, 114 secondary school teachers （66 males and 48 females）, and 2,404 students （1,400 boys and 1,004 girls） were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Multiple statistical procedures, Spearman and Pearson correlation, mean, and standard deviation were employed to obtain stronger validity to the study. The results of the study identify weak and negative weak relationship between most of the teacher factors and student achievement in three subjects but the relationship between students＇ background and learning achievement in all three subjects were found positively correlated. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(5):410-420
ABSTRACTThe authors examined the impact of 2 subsequent, longitudinal interdisciplinary interventions for 58 Hispanic English language learners (ELLs): (a) Grade 5 science with English language/reading embedded (i.e., science intervention) and (b) K–3 English language/reading with science embedded (i.e., language/reading intervention). Results revealed that (a) in the science intervention treatment ELLs outperformed their counterparts in English-reading fluency, knowledge of word meaning, and science and reading achievement; (b) in the language/reading intervention treatment ELLs continued to develop faster than their peers in English oracy, reading fluency, and comprehension; (c) ELLs benefited more from the science intervention if they received the prior language/reading intervention. We conclude that for ELLs, the integration of science and English language/reading should primarily focus on reading in elementary grades and science in Grade 5. 相似文献
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方芳 《合肥教育学院学报》2009,(5):115-118
基于Blackboard网络教学平台的英语阅读课程的形成性评价的一项实证研究证明：学习者学习策略有效,反思和自我监控能力的有效发展及学习成绩的有效提高是评价模式有效的三个主要要素。它们之间的关系是：正确的学习策略的选择和应用,以自我监控能力发展为核心;而自我监控能力的发展,最终促进了语言能力的发展。 相似文献
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本文阐述了影响阅读教学的原因;探讨了大学英语教学中培养英语交际能力和英语语言能力相辅相成的关系;及如何改进阅读教学的几点做法。 相似文献
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阅读是英语学习中的一个重要环节,而且阅读能力的提高对听、说、写能力的提高都有帮助。通过阅读能让人增长见识,扩展视野,增强语感。为提高英语阅读水平,在阅读时不仅需要大量积累英语词汇,还要掌握适合自己的阅读技巧,并且养成良好的阅读习惯。 相似文献
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多媒体课件辅助英语阅读教学模式的探讨 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
陈绍康 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008,41(5)
论证了结构主义、认知主义和社会认知主义等外语教学理论对计算机辅助语言教学软件历史发展的影响,并探讨了多媒体课件辅助英语阅读教学的目的、模式及存在的问题。 相似文献
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汪子入 《辽宁科技学院学报》2010,12(2):62-63
针对现今英语教学改革中出现过于强调听说,忽视阅读教学的现象,认为阅读教学不应受到冷落,反而应该加强,否则将会极大地阻碍学生综合应用语言能力的发展。同时提出了提高英语阅读教学效果的教学对策：1.提高识记单词的能力;2.扩大阅读量,培养英语思维习惯;3.科学地训练阅读技能。 相似文献
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何广惠 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2013,33(8):127-128
CBI(Content-based Instruction)是基于内容的语言教学理念,教学重点从学习语言本身转移到通过学科知识的学习来习得语言技能。探讨了CBI的实践模式,多角度分析验证了以内容为依托的教学模式在学术英语能力培养中的可行性和可操作性。从语言技能教学策略和知识内容教学策略两方面体现了大学生的学术英语能力培养途径。 相似文献
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Transfer of reading-related cognitive skills in learning to read Chinese (L1) and English (L2) among Chinese elementary school children 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigated transfer of reading-related cognitive skills between learning to read Chinese (L1) and English (L2) among Chinese children in Hong Kong. Fifty-three Grade 2 students were tested on word reading, phonological, orthographic and rapid naming skills in Chinese (L1) and English (L2). The major findings were: (a) significant correlations between Chinese and English measures in phonological awareness and rapid naming, but not in orthographic skills; (b) significant unique contribution of Chinese and English rapid naming skills and English rhyme awareness for predicting Chinese word reading after controlling for all the Chinese and English cognitive measures; (c) significant unique contribution of English phonological skills and Chinese orthographic skills (a negative one) for predicting English word reading after controlling for all the English and Chinese cognitive measures; and (d) significant unique contribution of Chinese rhyme awareness for predicting English phonemic awareness. These findings provide initial evidence that developing reading-related cognitive skills in English may have facilitative effects on Chinese word reading development. They also suggest that Chinese orthographic skills or tactics may not be helpful for learning to read English words among ESL learners; and that Chinese rhyme awareness facilitates the development of English phonemic awareness which is an essential skill predicting ESL learning. 相似文献
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龙慧 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(7):19-20,4
听说读写译是英语学习的基本技能,培养学生的听说读写译能力是大学英语教学的主要目标。在英语作为外语教学的大学英语教学中,强化学生读写技能的培养,从读写技能训练入手,有助于学生英语综合应用能力的全面提升。 相似文献
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MU Jin-jiang 《课程.教材.教法》2008,(7)
基于《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》共享知识理论以及迁移理论关于读写技能的相关论述,我们可以从课堂教学角度,把高中英语读写技能整合课型划分为阅读仿写和阅读创写两种类型。阅读仿写的教学目标直接指向写作能力培养,阅读创写的教学目标可以指向写作,通过写作解决阅读材料提出的问题,也可以指向阅读和写作。划分这两种读写技能整合类型有利于提高教学活动设计的针对性,更好地发展学生的综合语言运用能力。 相似文献
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Metacognition and EFL/ESL reading 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Several distinct research streams are converging in the field of foreign or second language reading in the U.S. Separate research streams in metacognition, in reading strategies, and in the training of reading strategies are converging in the field of English as a foreign or second language. This confluence of research is dramatically impacting the teaching of English to adult non-native speakers for academic purposes. In this article we will briefly review these distinct research streams for their relevance to the population in question, and will then describe the research design for an empirical study we are currently conducting to further investigate the efficacy of metacognitive strategy training for adult EFL/ESL reading. 相似文献
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Emily J. Solari Terese C. Aceves Ignacio Higareda Cara Richards‐Tutor Alexis L. Filippini Michael M. Gerber Jill Leafstedt 《Psychology in the schools》2014,51(2):126-142
This study investigates the relation between Spanish and English early literacy skills in kindergarten and first grade, and English oral reading fluency at the end of first and second grade in a sample of 150 Spanish‐speaking English language learners. Students were assessed in kindergarten, first, and second grades on a broad bilingual academic battery that included phonological awareness, letter knowledge, vocabulary, word reading, and oral reading fluency. These measures were analyzed using hierarchal multiple regression to determine which early reading skills predicted English oral reading fluency scores at the end of first and second grade. Predictive relationships were different between English and Spanish measures of early literacy and end of year first grade and second grade English oral reading fluency. This study has important implications for early identification of risk for Spanish‐speaking English language learners as it addresses the input of both Spanish and English early reading skills and the relation between those skills and English oral reading fluency. 相似文献