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1.
Peter Roberts 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(11):1175-1189
AbstractThis article provides a Taoist reading of Camus’ posthumously published novel, The first man. With its focus on the early life of the central character, Jacques Cormery, The first man is a semi-autobiographical account of learning and transformation, but it is, like so many other stories of its kind, one sustained by complex tensions: between the comfort of the familiar and the promise of the new; between possibility and despair; between resistance and acceptance. A theme that binds some of the key educational elements of the book together is love: Jacques’s love of his mother and his elementary school teacher and their love for him; love of learning; and love of ‘home’. A Taoist theoretical framework is helpful in understanding the nature of this love and its pedagogical significance. In particular, the book exemplifies the importance of the figure of the mother—both in the person of Jacques’s mother and more symbolically in the notion of ‘the Great Mother’. The article concludes with thoughts on the value of literature for educational inquiry. 相似文献
2.
Through four Chapters’analysis,I analyze the relationship between mother tongue and English,the effects of internal factors like age of learners,intellegence and external Factors such as attitudes,and integrative and instrumental motivation on English Learning in order to tell the readers what the aspects are to affect English learning.At the meaning time,the positive and negative roles of Mother Tongue in English Learning are emphasized so as to conclude the importance of mother tomgue learning on English learning.In the end,by having experienced 20 years’English learning and several years’working as an English translator or interpreter,I present my personal ideas about the effects of mother tongue’s learning on English learning and also suggest some ways or methods for the English learning beginners during the learning process. 相似文献
3.
Mother-infant attachment in adoptive families 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Data from 2 separate samples using the Strange Situation paradigm were combined to assess the quality of attachment relationships in adoptive and nonadoptive mother-infant pairs. Infants were between 13 and 18 months at the time of observation. Results indicated no differences in mother-infant attachment between nonadopted and intraracial adopted subjects or between intraracial and interracial adopted subjects. Interracial adoptive mother-infant pairs did show a higher incidence of insecure attachment in comparison to nonadoptive pairs. Mothers of interracial adopted infants also were less comfortable having others care for their babies and perceived less emotional support from extended family and friends for their decision to adopt a child prior to the actual adoption than did other mothers. No relation was found, however, between quality of mother-infant attachment and either perceived social support, infant developmental quotient, infant temperament, number of foster homes experienced by the infant, or infant's age at the time of adoption placement. It was suggested that the higher incidence of psychological problems found among adoptees in middle childhood and adolescence cannot be explained in terms of insecure attachment relationships during the infancy years. 相似文献
4.
Samantha Goodrich Hannah Mudrick JoAnn Robinson 《Early education and development》2013,24(7):1035-1056
Research Findings: National policy today is on the brink of defining preschool experiences as essential for children’s academic success. Indeed, many children’s classroom experience begins as they transition from infant/toddler care to a preschool classroom. This study examined developmentally relevant skill domains among 36-month-olds (effortful control, social engagement, and language abilities) and tested their organization in a latent factor model of skills hypothesized to promote classroom adaptation. Assessments of low-income children interacting with a parent and examiner from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project were utilized (n = 1,814). The data included observations of mother–child interactions during semistructured activities at home and child behavior assessments. Results indicated that the interrelated structure of children’s skills was best defined in a 2-factor, latent variable model: effortful control and social communication. These learning skills were related to but separate from general cognitive ability. Practice or Policy: Home-visiting programs for infants and toddlers are expected to promote children’s school readiness, yet little research has focused on the skills that facilitate children’s transition to the large-group learning environment at age 3. Implications of this model for early prevention efforts and early childhood teacher training to promote children’s readiness for group-based learning are discussed. 相似文献
5.
BackgroundMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment affect parenting and have consequences for a child’s social-emotional development. Adolescent mothers have a higher frequency of a history of maltreatment than adult mothers. However few studies have analyzed the interactions between adolescent mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment and their infants.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation at infant 3 months, considering both infant and mother individual emotion regulation and their mutual regulation.ParticipantsParticipants were 63 adolescent and young adult mother-infant dyads recruited at a hospital.MethodsThe mothers were administered the Adult Attachment Interview to evaluate reflective functioning and attachment and the Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse was used to evaluate maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment. Mother-infant interactions were coded with a modified version of the Infant Caregiver Engagement Phases.ResultsDyads with mothers with childhood maltreatment (vs dyads with mothers with no maltreatment) spent more time in negative emotional mutual regulation (p = .009) and less time in positive and neutral mutual emotion regulation (p = .019). Cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment were associated positively with mother and infant negative states at individual and dyadic level and with the AAI scales of Passivity and Unresolved Trauma (p < .05). The effect of cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation was direct and not mediated by maternal attachment and reflective function.ConclusionsMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment increase the risk connected to early motherhood, affecting mother-infant emotion regulation. 相似文献
6.
François Findji Marie-Germaine Pêcheux Josette Ruel 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1993,8(1):23-33
Infants’ abilities to focus attention on objects are known to be related to mothers’ mobilizing behaviors. As delayed effects of maternal behaviors at 5 months may be observed in 8-month-olds, mothers may be considered as scaffolding their infant’s attention. However, all dyadic activities are probably not equally propitious to attention mobilizing. In a sample of 30 dyads, studied at 5 and 8 months of age, whole observations were split in four broad categories: care, dyadic play with objects, dyadic play without objects and infant alone. The duration of maternal mobilizing and infant attention focussing were studied within categories. Inter-dyads variability is high, while dyads are stable across ages. Even within the dyadic play with objects, mothers differ widely in the duration and way they mobilize attention. Five-month-olds still need their mother’s support, as they explore less when they are alone, while 8-month-olds are more autonomous. The impact and importance of the various types of dyadic activities on cognitive development are discussed. 相似文献
7.
BackgroundAdolescent-to-parent psychological aggression is often a precursor to physical aggression toward their parents. Recently, there have been 4 high-profile matricide cases that happened in China. To date, there is limited research in Confucian filial piety culture on child-to-parent psychological aggression, especially toward the mother who is overwhelming the target of children’s aggression.ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to explore the prevalence of adolescent-to-mother psychological aggression and examine the role of father violence and maternal parenting style in contributing to these behaviors in Confucian filial piety culture.MethodsParticipants were 1134 students from 7 to 12 grade (M = 14 years, SD = 1.5) in Qingdao located in Shandong Province in east side of China where the Confucian Culture began. The instruments used were a demographics questionnaire, adolescent-to-mother psychological aggression questionnaire, father’s violent behavior questionnaire and maternal parenting style questionnaire.ResultsTwo types of adolescent-to-mother psychological aggression were assessed: contempt and rebellion. The prevalence of adolescent-to-mother contempt and rebellion was 30.7% and 18.7%, respectively. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that father’s conflict with grandparents, maternal control and over-protection were positively associated with adolescent’s contempt for mother. Parents divorced, father’s conflict with grandparents, father-to-mother physical violence and maternal rejection were positively associated with adolescent’s rebellion against mother. Maternal emotional warmth was negatively associated with adolescent’s contempt and rebellion against mother.ConclusionAdolescent-to-mother psychological aggression occurs within a broader family context of violence and disharmony. Observational learning of father’s conflict with grandparents or violent behaviors toward mother maybe the mechanism of violence passing from generations. However, maternal emotional warmth buffered the negative association between father’s conflict with grandparents and adolescent’s contempt for mother. But maternal control and over-protection exacerbated the positive relationships between father’s conflict with grandparents and adolescent’s contempt for mother. 相似文献
8.
二语是指除母语外的第二种语言,而二语习得就是习得除母语外的第二种语言。根据传统语言学的观点,母语只对外语学习具有负迁移(干扰)的作用,但随着时间的推移,这种观点逐渐变得片面化,不能反映出语言学习的本质。基于此,以语言普遍性理论、早期二语习得研究理论和学生自身学习经验为基础,全面介绍语言迁移以及母语在二语习得中的作用,以期促进业界充分认识母语对二语学习同样具有积极的作用,并通过积极地开展母语与外语的双语教学,发挥出母语最大限度的正迁移作用。 相似文献
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10.
白锡汉 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2014,(1):10-12
玛莎·诺曼在《晚安,妈妈》中利用饮食符号作为剧情设定的一种手段来呈现并强调食物对主人公精神世界的影响。剧中的食物符号具有丰富的意指:"甜食"使得母亲麻木并成为母亲对女儿控制的介质,牛奶饮品暗示母女间的冲突,而女儿拒绝母亲提供的食物表明她对现存母女关系的否定和对自我的选择。 相似文献
11.
Marie-Germaine Pêcheux François Findji Josette Ruel 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1992,7(3):209-218
Infants’ abilities to focus attention on objects and mothers’ behaviors mobilizing the attention of their child were studied in a sample of 30 dyads, at 5 and 8 months of age. It was hypothesized that at the younger age infants need their mothers’ scaffolding to explore their environment, and that the frequency of mothers’ encouragements at that age is related with their attentional capacities at 8 months; at this later age, mother’s and infant’s behaviors should no more be correlated. Data concerning both the total frequency of the target behaviors and the length of individual occurrences strongly confirm the hypotheses. They imply that in the mother attention getting should be distinguished from attention holding, and are discussed in terms of educational consequences. 相似文献
12.
Anastasia N. Gubaidullina Valentina N. Gorenintseva 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2017,48(3):201-213
A new model of society in post-Soviet Russia introduced novel family patterns to everyday life as well as to children’s literature, with traditional parent and children’s functions becoming subject to rethinking. The tendency to reconsider parental functions can be observed in texts from different genres, but it appears most overtly in modern fairy tales which, on the one hand, link modernity with the national folkloric code but, on the other, aim to overcome the code. Unlike many contemporary Russian authors for children, who leave little narrative space for parents, Sergey Sedov makes the mother central to his “Fairy Tales About Mums.” He describes various situations in which this figure regains the depth and comprehensiveness of a Jungian Great Mother Archetype. The author combines different fairy tales, cultural stereotypes and literary themes to create the image of a new mother who possesses various roles, some of which place her in opposition to the gender stereotype of patriarchal Russian folklore. This article uses structural, typological and motive methods of analysis to trace the transformation of the mother’s image from the traditional folktale canon to determine its activity-related and axiological aspects and to analyse various manifestations of the mother in terms of the tales’ semantic and aesthetic integrity. 相似文献
13.
This qualitative case study explored how an infant teacher provided meaningful learning experiences for infants through play and the teacher’s educational rationale behind these experiences. Findings were based on multiple sources of data, including classroom observations (natural observation and videotaped observation) for approximately 12 weeks and a teacher interview. The findings confirmed that infant play is critical for infant learning and development and portrayed the process through which the infant teacher created play spaces for infants and supported infants’ play through both pre-planned, teacher-directed, intentional activities, and child-initiated, emerging play activities. Our study highlighted that the designing of infant play and the learning process needs to be flexible and based on careful observation and reflection in order to meet the rapidly changing needs and interests of a group of infants as well as individual infants. 相似文献
14.
姜振华 《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》1996,(3)
听、说、读、写这个顺序是人们学习第一语言的基本顺序。读、说、听、写则是人们学习第二语言的顺序。第二语言的学习是在母语的符号思维系统已经建立起来并相当牢固之后开始的；第二语言的学习是在一种自觉状态中进行的，是一种有意识的学习。母语在第二语言的学习过程中起着极其重要的作用。双语共存的教学本质上是一种比较型教学。 相似文献
15.
Increasing numbers of children are being born through egg donation and thus do not share a genetic relationship with their mother. Parent–infant relationship quality was examined in 85 egg donation families and a comparison group of 65 in vitro fertilization families (infant M = 11 months). Standardized interview and observational measures were used to assess mother–infant and father–infant relationship quality at the representational and behavioral levels. Few differences were found between family types in parents’ representations of the parent–infant relationship. Differences were found between family types in the observational assessment of mother–infant relationship quality, indicating less optimal interactions in egg donation families. Findings suggest that egg donation families function well in infancy overall, but there may be subtle yet meaningful differences in mother–infant interaction quality. 相似文献
16.
R H Karger 《Child development》1979,50(3):882-885
A measure of mother-infant synchrony was developed and used to compare the interactions of mothers with preterm and mothers with full-term infants. Each mother-infant dyad was observed during a standard bottle-feeding session on 3 separate occasions: once prior to hospital discharge and 1 and 3 months after discharge. Synchrony, defined by the correlation between mother and infant behavioral rates during corresponding segments of the observation session, was found to (1) distinguish between preterm and full-term groups at 3 months and (2) successfully predict below-average Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores at 9 months for dyads in which mother and infant behavioral rates were inversely related. Further analysis identified certain interaction characteristics related to synchromy. 相似文献
17.
深度学习能够最大程度地彰显幼儿的主体性,使幼儿获得更高的自我价值感,并在内部动机的激发下形成良好的学习品质与思维习惯。由于当前幼儿园教师对绘本的解读缺乏深度,对绘本教学目标的设置过于浅显,绘本教学过程缺乏层次性,绘本教学方法比较单一,致使绘本教学难以帮助幼儿进行深度学习。要改变这一现状,实现绘本教学对幼儿深度学习的促进作用,教师应深度研读绘本,准确把握绘本内容与幼儿发展之间的内在关联;明确以促进幼儿深度学习为绘本教学目标,增强幼儿深度学习的目的性与方向性;引导幼儿反复阅读绘本,增进幼儿对绘本内容与意义的多重理解和自主建构。 相似文献
18.
Susan Lingle 《Parenting, science and practice》2019,19(1-2):56-58
SYNOPSISAcross species of mammals, the cry of a young infant has profound effects on the parent’s brain, physiology, emotions, and behavior. High levels of infant crying can trigger increases in testosterone in men, which is accompanied by less sensitive caregiving. By learning about the biological roots and essential functions of the infant’s cry, parents may be empowered to take steps to manage the stress that is inherently induced by these cries. 相似文献
19.
Research Findings: This qualitative study explored the process through which a small group of preservice early childhood teachers engaged in primary caregiving as a framework for learning about early care and education with infants during an infant practicum course at a university-affiliated early childhood center in the United States. Based on multiple data sources, findings revealed that the participants found the primary care system to be beneficial to both infants and teachers. The student teachers gained a better understanding of the uniqueness of the infancy period, experienced the emotional rewards of a special relationship with an infant, and learned to provide individualized and relationship-based infant care and education, while the infants received the benefits of this care. The integration of hands-on practice enacting a primary care system in a responsive infant room, ongoing supervision, and a theory-to-practice seminar created an effective professional learning process for the student teachers, which helped them to grow as both infant teachers and early childhood professionals. Practice or Policy: These findings are a 1st step toward looking more deeply at 1 strategy as a promising practice for the future, offering implications for early childhood teacher education and new insight to the field. 相似文献
20.
This study of 62 lowincome families examined the relation between maternal and infant measures assessed at 18 months infant age and child behavior problems at age 5 as rated by preschool teachers. The infancy assessments included measures of mother-infant interaction, maternal psychosocial problems, infant cognitive development, and infant attachment security, including the disorganized/disoriented classification. The strongest single predictor of deviant levels of hostile behavior toward peers in the classroom was earlier disorganized/disoriented attachment status, with 71% of hostile preschoolers classified as disorganized in their attachment relationships in infancy. Maternal psychosocial problems independently predicted hostile aggressions in preschool and combined additively with infant attachment security in prediction. Results are discussed in relation to the asymmetry of forward and backward prediction that characterized the findings and in relation to the potential significance of disorganized attachment behavior as a precursor to later maladaptation. 相似文献