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1.
Abstract In this study, the question was addressed which instructional conditions are required to teach students how they themselves can initiate and perform learning activities aimed at conceptual change. The CONTACT‐2 strategy (a computer‐assisted instructional strategy for promoting conceptual change in the domain of basic physical geography) served as starting point for the design of several training procedures aimed at enhancing self‐regulated learning. With the first experimental condition, strategic support was gradually withdrawn ('faded') within each instructional step, while, with the second experimental condition, the number of steps was reduced as the training continued. The original CONTACT‐2 condition served as control condition. Subjects were 65 fifth‐ and sixth‐graders (primary education). Dependent variables concerned students’ abilities to initiate and perform learning activities aimed at conceptual change, the quality of their conceptions, and their learning performance. Results suggested that ‘fading’ can be a fruitful instructional approach to foster self‐regulated learning aimed at conceptual change, provided that the ‘fading’ procedure is tuned to the students’ actual level of self‐regulated learning: external control should not be withdrawn until students are able (and prepared) to initiate and perform the learning activities being required. When these conditions are met, designing effective training procedures aimed at ‘learning for conceptual change’ seems possible. 相似文献
2.
This article reports research from a 3 year digital learning project to unite conceptual change and scientific reasoning in
the learning unit of combustion. One group of students had completed the course combining conceptual change and scientific
reasoning. The other group of students received conventional instruction. In addition to the quantitative data, six students
from each group were interviewed to evaluate their conceptual change, correct concepts and scientific reasoning. Results indicate
that the experimental group’s students significantly outperformed the conventional group on the Combustion Achievement Test
(CAT), Scientific Reasoning Test (SRT) and Combustion Dependent Reasoning Test (CDRT). Moreover, the experimental group’s
students use higher levels of scientific reasoning more frequently and changed their alternative concepts more successfully
than did the conventional group. Furthermore, once the experimental group’s students’ successfully changed their conceptions,
their concepts tended to be more stable than the conventional group’s students, even after the 6th week of learning. These
results demonstrate that combining conceptual change and scientific reasoning indeed improves students’ conceptual change
and scientific reasoning ability more effectively than conventional instruction. 相似文献
3.
Muammer ?alik Ali Kolomu? Zafer Karag?lge 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2010,19(5):422-433
This paper reports on an investigation of the effect of conceptual change pedagogy on students’ conceptions of ‘rate of reaction’
concepts. The study used a pre-test/post-test non-equivalent comparison group design approach and the sample consisted of
72 Turkish grade-11 students (aged 16–18 years) selected from two intact classrooms. The ‘Rate of Reaction’ Concept Test comprising
9 lead and 10 sub-questions (total 19 items) was employed. The results suggest that the teaching intervention helped the students
to overcome their alternative conceptions and to store their newly structured knowledge in their long-term memories. It is
suggested that combining different conceptual change methods such conceptual change text/refutation text, argumentation with
the intervention used here may be more effective in reducing student alternative conceptions. 相似文献
4.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether conceptual change texts and laboratory experiments are effective in overcoming
misconceptions and whether the concepts were acquired permanently when these methods were utilized. In this study, we addressed
some topics from the “Matter and Change” unit in science and technology class of elementary 4th grade. Students from three
classes of an elementary school participated in the study (N = 104). Students’ misconceptions were determined by administering the “Matter Concept Test” before, immediately after and
13 weeks after the instructional period. The results of the study showed that both conceptual change texts and experiment
method were more successful than traditional instruction in overcoming the misconceptions and acquiring permanent knowledge.
However, there was not a significant difference between these two alternative approaches in terms of reducing the misconceptions. 相似文献
5.
Özgecan Taştan Eylem Yalçınkaya Yezdan Boz 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2008,17(5):444-453
The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of conceptual change text instruction (CCT) in the context of energy
in chemical reactions. The subjects of the study were 60, 10th grade students at a high school, who were in two different
classes and taught by the same teacher. One of the classes was randomly selected as the experimental group in which CCT instruction
was applied, and the other as the control group in which traditional teaching method was used. The data were obtained through
the use of Energy Concept Test (ECT), the Attitude Scale towards Chemistry (ASC) and Science Process Skill Test (SPST). In
order to find out the effect of the conceptual change text on students’ learning of energy concept, independent sample t-tests, ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) and ANOVA (analysis of variance) were used. Results revealed that there was a statistically
significant mean difference between the experimental and control group in terms of students’ ECT total mean scores; however,
there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group in terms of students’ attitude
towards chemistry. These findings suggest that conceptual change text instruction enhances the understanding and achievement. 相似文献
6.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(3):250-257
ABSTRACTWhen entering the classroom, adolescents already hold various conceptions on science topics. Concept maps may function as useful tools to reveal such conceptions although labor-intensive analysis often prevents application in typical classroom situations. The authors aimed to provide teachers with an appropriate approach to analyze students’ concept maps within daily school routine. They intended to conclude qualitative changes from analyzing quantitative parameters. To test the approach, high school students were asked to map their conceptions before and after attending an educational program on climate change. For the analyses, quantitative as well as qualitative methods were applied. A comparison of pre- and postmaps pointed to a conceptual change. From strong correlations between qualitative and quantitative parameters we assumed our approach to be applicable. Due to its simple and barely time-consuming handling, the authors’ approach is suitable for application in conventional classroom situations and may contribute to inform teachers about students’ conceptions. 相似文献
7.
Konstantinos Ravanis Vasilia Christidou Vassilia Hatzinikita 《Research in Science Education》2013,43(6):2257-2276
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a sociocognitive teaching strategy on young children’s understanding of light. It explores their understanding of the concept of light as an entity that is transmitted independently of the light source and the final receiver. The study was conducted in three phases: pretest, teaching intervention, and post-tests. The sample consisted of 170 preschool children who were assigned to two groups. The children in the first group participated in activities which adopted a sociocognitive approach. In the context of this approach, a familiar metaphor was introduced in order to facilitate children to construct a “precursor model” about light. The children in the second group participated in activities with the same teaching objectives, but adopting an empiricist perspective. Statistical analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test indicated that the cognitive progress of the sociocognitive group was more significant than the progress of the empiricist group. This provides evidence for the effect of the sociocognitive strategy on enhancing children in constructing a “precursor model” for the concept of light. 相似文献
8.
César Sáenz Castro 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1998,35(3):233-254
This work presents a theoretical proposal for a methodology for the teaching of probability theory. The theoretical proposal has a dual inspiration: (1) the epistemological approach of Lakatos (1978b) regarding the quasi-empirical nature of mathematical theories; (2) the perspective of conceptual change for the teaching-learning process, as formulated by Strike and Posner (1992). The scientific content taught and the didactic methods used in the classroom should, according to this proposal, respect and conform to this dual inspiration. We also present an evaluation of the methodology in a real context: six Spanish high school classes of students aged 14–15. The main purpose of the research was to answer this question: Is our didactic proposal more effective than traditional methodology? We operatively identify the concept of traditional teaching, and establish several indicators of effectiveness: the mastery of elementary probability calculations, the quality of intuitive reasoning in probability, and the conceptual and attitudinal change produced. We found significant differences on all indicators, except for attitudinal change, in favour of the group that followed our proposal. 相似文献
9.
This study investigates how the enactment of a climate change curriculum supports students’ development of critical science
agency, which includes students developing deep understandings of science concepts and the ability to take action at the individual
and community levels. We examined the impact of a four to six week urban ecology curriculum on students from three different
urban high schools in the USA. Data collection included pre and posttest written assessments from all students (n = 75) and pre and post interviews from focal students (n = 22) to examine how students’ conceptual understandings, beliefs and environmental actions changed. Our analyses showed
that at the beginning of the curriculum, the majority of students believed that climate change was occurring; yet, they had
limited conceptual understandings about climate change and were engaged in limited environmental actions. By the end of the
curriculum, students had a significant increase in their understanding of climate change and the majority of students reported
they were now engaged in actions to limit their personal impact on climate change. These findings suggest that believing a
scientific theory (e.g. climate change) is not sufficient for critical science agency; rather, conceptual understandings and
understandings of personal actions impact students’ choices. We recommend that future climate change curriculum focus on supporting
students’ development of critical science agency by addressing common student misconceptions and by focusing on how students’
actions can have significant impacts on the environment. 相似文献
10.
11.
Gülüzar Eymur Ömer Geban 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2017,15(5):853-871
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cooperative learning based on conceptual change approach instruction on ninth-grade students’ understanding in chemical bonding concepts compared to traditional instruction. Seventy-two ninth-grade students from two intact chemistry classes taught by the same teacher in a public high school participated in the study. The classes were randomly assigned as the experimental and control group. The control group (N?=?35) was taught by traditional instruction while the experimental group (N?=?37) was taught cooperative learning based on conceptual change approach instruction. Chemical Bonding Concept Test (CBCT) was used as pre- and post-test to define students’ understanding of chemical bonding concepts. After treatment, students’ interviews were conducted to observe more information about their responses. Moreover, students from experimental groups were interviewed to obtain information about students’ perceptions on cooperative work experiences. The results from ANCOVA showed that cooperative learning based on conceptual change approach instruction led to better acquisition of scientific conceptions related to chemical bonding concepts than traditional instruction. Interview results demonstrated that the students in the experimental group had better understanding and fewer misconceptions in chemical bonding concepts than those in the control group. Moreover, interviews about treatment indicated that this treatment helped students’ learning and increased their learning motivation and their social skills. 相似文献
12.
Stephen B. Witzig Sharyn K. Freyermuth Marcelle A. Siegel Kemal Izci J. Chris Pires 《Research in Science Education》2013,43(4):1361-1375
We are involved in a project to incorporate innovative assessments within a reform-based large-lecture biochemistry course for nonmajors. We not only assessed misconceptions but purposefully changed instruction throughout the semester to confront student ideas. Our research questions targeted student conceptions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) along with understanding in what ways classroom discussions/activities influence student conceptions. Data sources included pre-/post-assessments, semi-structured interviews, and student work on exams/assessments. We found that students held misconceptions about the chemical nature of DNA, with 63 % of students claiming that DNA is alive prior to instruction. The chemical nature of DNA is an important fundamental concept in science fields. We confronted this misconception throughout the semester collecting data from several instructional interventions. Case studies of individual students revealed how various instructional strategies/assessments allowed students to construct and demonstrate the scientifically accepted understanding of the chemical nature of DNA. However, the post-assessment exposed that 40 % of students still held misconceptions about DNA, indicating the persistent nature of this misconception. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed. 相似文献
13.
This paper discusses the various conflicting trends in mechanics education that have appeared over the past two decades, and proposes the theory of schemata as a means to resolve the conflict that exists within the literature. The conflict has two causes: the prevailing relativism that exists within science education, and the mistaken view that student alternative ideas are concepts that are well defined. We argue that student alternative ideas can be best understood in terms of schema theory, and that schema theory can offer support to the Vygotskian idea of the teacher facilitating the construction of the Newtonian system within the students zone of proximal development. Within the context of schema theory we propose the category of idealised abstraction that has as its starting point the logical structure of Newtonian mechanics rather than the cognitive state of uninstructed students. 相似文献
14.
Patrice Potvin Julien Mercier Patrick Charland Martin Riopel 《Research in Science Education》2012,42(3):401-414
This research investigates the effect of classroom explicitation of initial conceptions (CEIC) on conceptual change in the
context of learning electricity. Eight hundred and seventy five thirteen year-olds were tested in laboratory conditions to
see if CEIC is or is not a productive step toward conceptual change. All students experienced a problem-based pedagogical
treatment called “the electronic challenge.” The randomly determined experimental group was also exposed to CEIC. Data shows
a significant beneficial effect of CEIC and no unwanted “contamination effect”, particularly for female subjects. 相似文献
15.
Suzanne H. Broughton Gale M. Sinatra E. Michael Nussbaum 《Research in Science Education》2013,43(2):529-550
Learning about certain scientific topics has potential to spark strong emotions among students. We investigated whether emotions predicted students’ attitudes after engaging in independent rereading and/or rereading plus discussion about Pluto’s reclassification. Fifth and sixth grade students read a refutation text on Pluto’s reclassification. Participants were randomly assigned to either the reread independently or the reread plus discussion group. Results showed that students in both groups experienced attitude change and that change was sustained over time. Students reported experiencing more negative than positive emotions at pretest. Emotions, which became more positive after intervention, were predictive of students’ attitudes and attitude change. Implications for the role of emotions when learning about controversial topics are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Imagery research with children has been primarily examined within a structured physical activity context. However, researchers have begun to investigate children’s imagery use in their active play (i.e., unstructured leisure-time physical activity). The objective of the present article was to develop a conceptual model of active play imagery—the active play imagery model. This objective was accomplished by applying the components of the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use (RAMDIU; Cumming and Williams, 2013) to the context of active play. The proposed model comprises the same seven components included in the RAMDIU (i.e., where and when, who, why, what and how, meaning, imagery ability, and outcomes). However, in contrast to the RAMDIU, the active play imagery model acknowledges that individual characteristics can directly influence one’s ability to image. The proposed model will provide a guiding framework for future research and applications of active play imagery. 相似文献
17.
Shoshana Keiny 《Teachers and Teaching》2013,19(1):61-72
Our argument concerning the debate around the process of ‘conceptual change’ is that it is both an evolutionary learning process and a revolutionary paradigm change. To gain a deeper understanding of the process, the article focuses on the discourse of educational facilitators participating in a community of learners. Applying the methodology of ‘Semiotic Evolution,’ the micro‐process of learning within the group was traced. Analysis of the interaction between individual learning and group learning within the discourse enabled us to postulate a hypothetical three‐stage model of the process. The model indicates that conceptual change is an experiential change rather than a cognitive one, an intentional change of identity, a change of the person's relationship with the world. 相似文献
18.
James E. Bultman 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(4):43-45
Five experimental groups, representing fifteen teachers and 370 students, were formed in an attempt to determine if teachers could modify student perceptions of their teaching performances by employing multiple educational methodologies in their teaching. The treatment period was for eight weeks. An adapted form of Bryan’s Student Opinion Questionnaire was the criterion measure for obtaining the pre- and posttest data. Results of the analysis indicated that the experimental treatments seemed to be ineffective in significantly modifying students’ overall perceptions of their teachers’ performances. Three of the experimental groups, however, appeared to be significantly effective in modifying students’ perceptions of their teachers’ “variety in teaching.” 相似文献
19.
Muammer Çalik Murat Okur Neil Taylor 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2011,20(6):729-742
The purpose of this study was to compare different conceptual change methods within a topic on ‘sound propagation’. The study
was conducted with 80 grade 5 students (aged 11–12 year old) drawn from four cohort classes in an elementary school on the
north coast of Black Sea Region in Turkey. While one class was assigned as a control group, the others formed experimental
groups (one with a conceptual change text, one with analogies presented as computer animations and one with a combination
of conceptual change text, analogies and computer animations). A questionnaire with 10 two-tier questions was administered
as a pretest a week before the teaching intervention, and the same test was re-administered immediately after the intervention
as a post-test. The questionnaire was also employed as a delayed post-test 3 weeks after the teaching intervention. The experimental
groups performed significantly better in the post-test that the control group (p < 0.05). Within the experimental groups, the group exposed to a combination of the conceptual change text, analogies and
computer animations performed best on the post-test and the delayed post-test (p < 0.05). Overall the study indicated that the intervention that employed the entire suite of conceptual change pedagogies
produced the best learning outcomes. 相似文献
20.
Uwamahoro Jean Ndihokubwayo Kizito Ralph Michael Ndayambaje Irénée 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2021,30(5):706-718
Journal of Science Education and Technology - In this study, we used a research tool for measuring students’ conceptual understanding in optics, the Geometrical Optics Conceptual... 相似文献