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1.
Rochelle E. Tractenberg Jason G. Umans Robert J. McCarter 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2010,35(1):15-32
This article describes a ‘Mastery Rubric’ (MR) used to design both the curriculum and the assessments in a new two‐year certificate programme intended to train physicians in clinical research skills. The MR for clinical research skills is built around a set of core research skills: critical review of literature; articulation of research objective; development of research design; development of analysis plan; implementation of the study; implementation of the analysis plan and presentation of results. Four distinct levels of performance are described for each skill: beginning, novice, competent and proficient. This rubric outlines and provides a path to mastery of the clinical research skills the certificate programme was designed and funded to target. Using the rubric to design the curriculum ensures that courses will provide instruction in key domains, promotes assessment that demonstrates development in the target skills and knowledge, and encourages reflection and cognitive self‐monitoring in the students. It is a flexible, criterion‐referenced definition of ‘success’ for students as well as the programme itself. The criteria are characterised in terms of the skills, habits of mind and organisational principles that can foster excellence in clinical research, but the approach can be generalised. 相似文献
2.
Briana E. Crotwell Timmerman Denise C. Strickland Robert L. Johnson John R. Payne 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2011,36(5):509-547
We developed a rubric for measuring students' ability to reason and write scientifically. The Rubric for Science Writing (Rubric) was tested in a variety of undergraduate biology laboratory courses (total n = 142 laboratory reports) using science graduate students (teaching assistants) as raters. Generalisability analysis indicates that the Rubric provides a reliable measure of students' abilities (g = 0.85) in these conditions. Comparison of student performance in various biology classes indicated that some scientific skills are more challenging for students to develop than others and identified a number of previously unappreciated gaps in the curriculum. Our findings suggest that use of the Rubric provides three major benefits in higher education: (1) to increase substance and consistency of grading within a course, particularly those staffed by multiple instructors or graduate teaching assistants; (2) to assess student achievement of scientific reasoning and writing skills; and (3) when used in multiple courses, to highlight gaps in alignment among course assignments and provide a common metric for assessing to what extent the curriculum is achieving programmatic goals. Lastly, biology graduate students reported that use of the Rubric facilitated their teaching and recommended that training on the Rubric be provided to all teaching assistants. 相似文献
3.
A ‘break with tradition’ in interwar teacher education 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kay Whitehead 《Gender and education》2010,22(3):279-294
British teacher education in the interwar years was a contested field, dominated numerically by women but regulated by the Board of Education. The traditional perception of women’s residential training colleges was that they were autocratic and socially isolated. By focusing on Gipsy Hill Training College (GHTC), the first specialist training college for nursery school teachers, and its foundation principal, Lillian de Lissa, I challenge this perception. I explore the relationships between young women students’ social worlds, teacher educators’ understandings, teacher education curriculum and GHTC’s institutional culture. The main argument is that under de Lissa’s leadership GHTC was a socially and educationally progressive and democratic institution that focused on shaping students’ identities as women, teachers and citizens. 相似文献
4.
潘小明 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2013,(6):54-060
高校教师教学发展是教师发展的核心成分。无论是明晰人才培养理念、目标与模式,还是设计、实施与评价课程,优化人才培养过程,或者重建学术概念、体现自己的组织存在,高校都需要教师的教学发展。为了促进高校教师教学发展,应当注意:牢固树立教师教学能够发展的信念,认真剖析教师教学发展不足的原因,科学搭建牵引教师教学成长的平台,切实制订促进并保障教师教学发展的政策与制度,正确处理高校教师教学和科研的关系,重视教师教学发展的组织性质。 相似文献
5.
高师院校作为一个承上启下的教师教育基地,在英语教师的职前教育与职后培养中起着至关重要的作用。从我国当前教师职前教育与职后培养的实际出发,立足教师的专业化发展,构建一个机构合理、体系完整、内容科学的教师教育一体化运行模式,是高校教师教育改革的必经之路。针对高师院校对英语专业师范生的职前教育与教师职后培养衔接中的现存问题,以教师发展终身化为标准,依据资源配置原则,从培养目标、课程设置、师资队伍建设、师德教育程度四大方面,提出促进高师院校英语教师职前与职后教育衔接的策略和可行性建议。 相似文献
6.
The ‘research–teaching nexus’ has been the subject of much recent debate, yet little attention has been paid to institutional initiatives to promote and encourage the integration of teaching and research. This article presents a novel diagrammatical representation of the relationship between research and teaching which was developed to aid the dissemination of a new research strategy in a small, teaching‐led higher education institution. It provides a reflective account of the use of the diagram and responses to it, both within and beyond the institution. It is proposed that the ‘vagueness’ inherent in visual representation can aid reflection on the multiple ways in which teaching and research may connect, encouraging individuals to construct their own understanding of the nexus. Equally important, though, is that the institutional definition of research is relevant to the nature of that institution, and sufficiently flexible to allow for variation within it. 相似文献
7.
Albert J. Pautler 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(3-4):173-180
All educational and training institutions are concerned with the improvement of instruction which in turn should result in improved institutional effectiveness. If the curriculum of an institution is viewed as a statement of work for that institution, the teachers have a professional obligation to teach from the written curriculum. In many cases curriculum can be considered written, taught, and tested. The written curriculum is that which is found in courses of study that have gone through institutional committees for approval. The taught curriculum is what the teacher actually presents to the members of the class. The testec curriculum is what is tested or evaluated by tests, assignments, term papers, practical work, and other requirements as stated in the course of study or by the teacher. Curriculum alignment is the term used to indicate that the written curriculum is in fact the curriculum that is tested or evaluated at the end of the course. 相似文献
8.
AbstractSelf-regulated learning (SRL) – autonomously planning, self-monitoring and self-reflecting on learning – is a strong predictor of academic success. Mastery of the strategies needed to become a self-regulated learner does not develop automatically in all students; thus, the classroom environment, including pedagogy and modes of assessment, plays a vital role in stimulating SRL. Indeed, the post-16 curriculum in England is often criticised for failing to promote SRL. The Extended Project Qualification (EPQ), however, is a post-16 project-based qualification that has drawn from SRL theories. Research indicates that the EPQ can bolster A-level and degree attainment, yet, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unknown. This article reports on a qualitative investigation using focus groups and interviews to explore students’ and teachers’ experiences of the EPQ and its effects on general academic performance. The qualification was seen to promote SRL by building learner agency and self-awareness, and improving engagement. We argue that the EPQ offers solutions for many of the perceived deficits of the English post-16 curriculum and that the decline of the AS-level in England represents an opportunity for learners to fill the ‘fourth space’ with qualifications like the EPQ, which could empower them to pursue a broad and diverse education. 相似文献
9.
In this paper, the authors explore the implementation of the government mandate in Hong Kong to move from three-year to four-year undergraduate degree programs which include studies in general education (GE), through an analysis of policies and activities related to the curriculum reform. While the authors are interested in the substance of these reforms, the primary objective is to explore the relationships between policy initiatives and implementation approaches at different levels. Using Scott’s (2001) new institutional theory as a framework, the authors discuss the policy implementation at the governmental, institutional norms, and cultural levels. By focusing on the complex interrelationships among influences at different levels within the institution, this paper identifies challenges in the implementation of the new four-year curriculum, and using a case study of one institution, offers suggestions for facilitating that implementation. 相似文献
10.
好奇心是人类适应生存和发展的一种心理本能,是个体开展生命活动和社会实践的重要动力,对个体发展和社会进步都具有重要价值。幼儿好奇心的发展容易受到教师立场过度彰显的限制,呈现出边缘化、个体化、淡漠化、碎片化等问题。幼儿园之所以有必要采取弹性课程,在于弹性课程具有发展性和可塑性,可以给予教师更大的实践选择空间,允许教师把幼儿感兴趣的话题作为课程主题,从而有利于教师为幼儿好奇心的发展创设具有吸引力的活动情境。通过拓展弹性课程实施的深度和广度,教师更是可以为幼儿好奇心的发展提供丰富的机会,实现幼儿好奇心与幼儿园课程的共同生长。 相似文献
11.
Amy Aldridge Sanford C. Kyle Rudick Keith Nainby Kathryn B. Golsan Stephanie Rollie Rodriguez Christopher J. Claus 《Communication quarterly》2019,67(2):158-177
The researchers engaged in a qualitative analysis (using journaling and focus group methodology) of the communicative behaviors of Hispanic students with White institutional members at a medium-sized, Southwest HSI. Utilizing Co-Cultural Theory and Elaborative Coding analysis, the authors mapped how Hispanic students narrated their co-cultural communication and reasoning (i.e., why they engage in one strategy rather than another). The findings show that, although Hispanic students used almost all co-cultural strategies, their responses were clustered primarily around assimilationist strategies – indicating that they engage in a high degree of self-monitoring and self-censorship when interacting with White institutional members in an HSI. These results suggest that even when Hispanic students constitute a large or majority part of the institution’s population, they still feel the need to engage in behaviors that navigate White norms. The study concludes by examining the findings for co-cultural theorizing as well as providing insights for instructors who wish to engage in inclusive teaching practices. 相似文献
12.
John Cowan Stephanie Richter Tracy Miller Jason Rhode Aline Click Jason Underwood 《The American journal of distance education》2017,31(3):160-172
ABSTRACTThe growth of distance education has necessitated strong evidence of quality for institutions of higher education, and numerous standards and principles of quality have been developed, such as Quality Matters? (Quality Matters). These systems are often considered only at the course level to guide design and improve student outcomes, but they can also help to pull the institution together and galvanize advancement in online development. Adopting online quality standards can be a complex process that requires changes to institutional culture. This article describes how the use of the Community of Practice (CoP) framework engaged a campus-wide network of individuals in adoption of the Quality Matters training, rubric, and review process to advance distance education support and online course development. Using Social Network Analysis, researchers were able to identify the strengths and weakness of the CoP during the early adoption phase of Quality Matters to quantitatively measure the connections among members of the community.Based on a survey administered to every participant who attended the Applying the Quality Matters Rubric? (APPQMR) workshop, researchers analyzed connections across the Quality Matters? (Quality Matters) Community of Practice (CoP). This analysis indicated strong cohesion of the network based on work related to distance education but low density for connections based on Quality Matters. Furthermore, it demonstrated that significant connections existed between members prior to the adoption of Quality Matters and identified key influencers within the network. The results also indicated that the Quality Matters leadership team at the institution is highly central to the Quality Matters CoP network. The results can be used to identify strategies to further adoption of Quality Matters at the institution by strengthening the CoP. 相似文献
13.
ABSTRACT Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Study – Higher School of Economics (RLMS), we estimate the relationship between the sense of control, measured as the belief that one has control over one’s important future life circumstances and job-related training for women and men in a transitional context. We test the theory of alternative resources and the critical approaches in the analysis of the role of gender in individual outcomes from training. We show that while job-related training is associated with higher sense of control (measured using Pearlin Mastery Scale), its effect varies by gender and therefore, its absolute value is limited. We conclude that job-related training exacerbates the existing differences in the sense of control between women and men in Russia, which can potentially have prolonged, negative effects on the wider outcomes of women in the labour market. 相似文献
14.
In this quantitative study, 187 counselor educators at research institutions reported engaging in responsible conduct of research (RCR), with a few individuals reporting deviations from ethical behavior. Tenure‐seeking faculty members indicated a greater likelihood of deviating from acceptable research practices than did tenured faculty members. The psychological meaningfulness of one's department and research ethics training positively related to engagement in RCR, explaining 18% of the variance. Implications for training of research ethics are discussed, along with suggestions for environmental needs within counseling departments to potentially increase psychological meaningfulness for faculty members. 相似文献
15.
Carla J. Thompson 《Innovative Higher Education》2014,39(5):349-360
The study included an assessment of doctoral students, graduate faculty, and curriculum considerations to determine the degree of infusion of research integrity and responsible conduct of research (RCR) principles within a Doctor of Education program. Study results showed substantial increases in doctoral candidates’ knowledge levels of RCR, and faculty members serving as dissertation committee chairs reported greater understanding of RCR tenets than did non-dissertation chairs. The study also revealed a strong presence of research within the Ed. D. core curriculum. 相似文献
16.
While much research has outlined the importance of intra-psychic factors in predicting workplace success, it is rare that attention is given to the development of these factors in training for human service professions (e.g. psychology, clergy, nursing). Accordingly, the present study explores differences in self-concept, a key intra-psychic factor, between two institutions that train human service professionals. One institution provides a self-concept program as part of its curriculum while the other provides no such program. Structural equation modeling showed that students from the former institution evinced higher scores on 10 of the 13 measured self-concept factors. However, when personality dimensions were included in modeling, only four of the original 10 self-concept differences remained. Taken together, this study demonstrates: (a) some support for the role of curriculum in self-concept development, (b) the predictive utility of personality on self-concept, and (c) the importance of controlling for such individual differences when evaluating institutional effects. 相似文献
17.
王添淼 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,23(2)
国际中文教育已经开启了一个普及化的新时代,构建一支高水平的师资队伍是推动国际中文教育长期稳定发展的必要条件。为了提升教师质量和数量,亟需构建更为完善的国际中文师资培训体系。美国TESOL(Teaching English to Speakers of Other Language)教师培训模式较为成熟,已经得到全球英语教师和用人单位的高度认可。通过对TESOL项目的培训理念、教学对象、课程培训目标、课程设置和资格认证等方面的深入分析,可以帮助国内学界了解美国TESOL项目的特点,为国际中文师资培训提供切实可行的参考,构建一套专业化、规范化、国际化、统一的国际中文师资培训模式。 相似文献
18.
This article engages with Atkinson’s recent criticisms of concepts of collective habitus, such as ‘institutional’ and ‘familial’ habitus, in order to defend their conceptual utility and theoretical coherence. In so doing we promote a flexible understanding of habitus as both an individual and a collective concept. By retaining this flexibility (which we argue is in keeping with the spirit of Bourdieuian philosophy) we allow for a consideration of the ways in which the individual habitus relates to the collective. We argue that, through recognition of the complexity of the interrelated habitus of individuals, collective notions go beyond individualist accounts that perceive only the relational aspects of the individual with the social field. Our approach allows us to consider social actors in relation to each other and as constitutive of fields rather than as mere individuals plotted in social space. These arguments will be woven through our responses to what Atkinson calls the three fatal flaws of institutional and familial habitus: namely, homogenisation, anthropomorphism, and substantialism. 相似文献
19.
Ethan W. Ris 《History of education》2020,49(2):184-208
ABSTRACTYali College, a four-year institution operating under the aegis of Yale University, offered a US-style undergraduate education in China’s Hunan province from 1914 to 1927. It developed a robust curriculum and an impressive physical plant but collapsed after a little more than a decade. This paper, drawing on new archival research, focuses on the circumstances leading to that collapse. It argues that a deep divide emerged over Yali’s form and function, pitting modernisers at the institution’s helm against its tradition-minded faculty and trustees, eventually crippling the college. The case of Yali helps us understand the perils of ideological misalignment in education, especially when it occurs in challenging sociopolitical contexts like 1920s China. 相似文献
20.
创新能力是影响一个国家科学技术发展水平的重要因素,学术型研究生作为我国重要的科研力量,其创新能力的培养是非常重要的.该研究针对学术型研究生创新能力的培养提出具体的培养策略,包括:严把招生关,选拔喜欢和有志于科学研究的学生;合理设置课程体系,为学生创新活动提供扎实的知识基础;关注学生的主体性,使学生参与研究课题选择、设计... 相似文献