共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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陈忠斌 《南通师范学院学报》2002,18(1):133-136
市场制度 的变迁与人类化的演进是一个互动的过程。化在人类活动中产生，又通过人的价值观、习俗和道德等制约着人的经济行为。市场制度的演化受到化的直接的非正式约束和间接的强制性约束。受知识和能力的限制，化约束下的市场制度变迁可能是进步的，也可能是 退步的。近代市场制度的形成与人的理性经济观、商业精神、契约化和信用观念密切相关。在市场经济制度发展的初始阶段，特别要注重 运用先进的市场经济化引导制度的变迁。 相似文献
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职业学校技能竞赛是在经济发展与职业教育互动过程中,出现的一种新的教育制度设计。"外源性"的经济因素是决定其变迁历程的主导因素,利益相关者之间博弈所产生的推动作用,显现出制度"内生性"的一面,是人们理性抉择的结果,而技能竞赛制度"效率至上"的工具理性价值取向,也在影响着技能竞赛制度的调整变迁速率。技能竞赛制度的供给者和实施者——具有唯一合法性的政府,作为变迁主体中的最重要的行动主体,主导着技能竞赛制度变迁的轨迹,使全国职业院校技能大赛制度呈现出一种强制性为主、上下互动、嵌套循环的制度变迁方式。 相似文献
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新中国农村社会保障制度创新的路径研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新中国农村社会保障制度的创新，以农村土地制度的变迁及农业生产经营方式的转变为核心，走过了一条具有鲜明特点的制度变迁路径：以个体小农经济为基础，以家庭自我保障为主体，辅之与国家社会救济和集体间的社区互助。——以集体经济为基础，以集体保障为主体，辅之与国家社会救助，家庭自我保障为补充——以家庭联产承包责任制为基础，重归家庭自我保障为主体，国家、集体、社会救助为辅，市场化社会保障试点推行。这一变迁轨迹，显示出典型的路径依赖性。 相似文献
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曹正汉 《合肥联合大学学报》2003,13(3):1-11
本文试图从逻辑上论证这一命题：社会的主流价值观以及倡导这种主流价值观的精英人物。决定着该社会制度安排的基本特征与变迁方向。我们首先将人在具体行动上的理性特征、人生的展开受价值观所引导、和人对潜在终极价值的追求这三个不同层次的行为特征，统一到人的自我实现过程中，以此分析社会精英的行为模式。在此基础上，考察价值观与法律层面的制度安排之间的联系方式及其对制度变迁的影响方式。按这一理论逻辑，本文区分出四种类型的制度变迁。并且分析了相应的四种变迁机制。 相似文献
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路径依赖理论是新制度经济学分析制度变迁的重要理论.中国封建王朝的制度变迁具有鲜明的路径依赖性,这种特性与王朝的周期性兴衰息息相关.在路径依赖的形成过程中,学习效应、协同效应和锁定效应发挥着重要作用.中国封建王朝的意识形态表现出凝聚性和刚性特征,通过学习效应在制度变迁中形成路径依赖;利益集团参与的政治过程具有高昂的交易成本和合谋特征,通过协同效应将制度均衡锁定在非效率的状态;统治者的有限理性影响并决定了其在制度博弈中的预期和行为方式,通过锁定效应使制度变迁陷入困境.在路径依赖的作用下,封建王朝的制度变迁是在既有制度之下的渐进式修补过程,并不断走向制度僵化,最终导致王朝的更迭. 相似文献
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现代大学制度从确立至今经历了三次大的制度变迁.目前,大学作为利益相关者组织,正趋向于多元主体治理,其制度建设受到学术权威、国家权力和社会(市场)三个基本要素的影响.我们要以公共理性中多元共识的理念来解决现代大学制度建设中多元治理主体之间的冲突与博弈,使之走上融合的理性之路. 相似文献
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本文运用制度的相关理论,从非正式制度和正式制度的关系角度及它们各自的特点和演化变迁角度,来对考试作弊行为进行分析,尝试从制度层面对特定空间大量发生的考试作弊现象给出一种合理化解释. 相似文献
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作为自我约束的诚信制度,是在非合作博弈框架下,参与人自我优化选择的结果。诚信形成需要以下条件:(1)主体之间具有共同的利益。唯有如此,双方才有机会和动力去信任对方并相信对方能为自己带来长期和最大的利益。(2)诚信关系的建立需要主体双方互动。没有人会选择诚信,反映了个体的理性行为产生的集体的不合理性行为,体现了个体理性与集体理性的冲突。构建信息完全的诚信重复博弈模型和引入约束条件与事后惩罚成本是解决诚信缺失问题的重要途径。 相似文献
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本文认为古希腊理智主义的形而上学,不仅是人类自我反思的精神依托,也是社会制度建制精神凭藉。理性主体与道德主体的统一,使他们在建制社会制度中,充满着理想的色彩,体现着人类对真、善、美的追求;在现实中是通过政治制度、法律制度、教育制度表征出来。这种理性主体性、道德主体性、知识主体性与社会制度建制的统一,对我国社会制度的完善和运作有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献
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RUZBEHANI Mohsen 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):20-25
1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec… 相似文献
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唐芳 《读与写:教育教学刊》2008,5(6)
During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context. 相似文献