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1.
Electrostatic spinning (electrospinning) is a useful technique for producing ultrafine fibers with large specific surface areas and porous structures. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a chemically stable material with extraordinary properties. In this research, PVDF fiber membranes were produced directly on paper surfaces by electrospinning to protect brittle paper relics from environmental damage. Tensile strength and elongation tests for paper with and without the deposited PVDF membranes show that the PVDF fiber membranes can effectively protect paper under an externally applied force under both ambient and aging conditions. Water, insects, dust and mould can be isolated by the compact fiber structure while common gases can pass through freely to maintain a favorable environment for the paper relics.  相似文献   

2.
2008年4月2日,“南水北调中线工程”文物保护工作领导小组确定了2008年度考古发掘任务.  相似文献   

3.
As part of research in progress on the study and design of an ontology knowledge model, this paper focuses on development of a shape-grammar schema for extracting attributes of spatial organization of a subset of cultural heritage relics, namely, caravanserais, from a selected corpus with a common architectural language of design. First, shape-grammar rules for classification of caravanserais of the selected corpus are developed and are represented in drawing by using Auto CAD tool. Shape rules as a natural-language equivalent are then devised by describing design functions and clarifying the topology of shapes. Based on these shape rules in given text, the hierarchy of a shape-grammar schema in the Protégé knowledge representation tool is designed, and each shape rule is defined as an interconnecting individual (or instance) in OWL language. This schema will enable us to extract computer-based semantics of shape-grammar rules. To illustrate this innovative approach, a selected corpus was classified by using the shape-grammar schema with the support of knowledge extraction tools.  相似文献   

4.
借鉴场景理论,保护、展示和利用构成了工业遗产保护的核心议题和目标场景。首先,应基于工业文明的价值判定保护各类遗存,构建面向学者的保护场景;其次,应在保护基础上充分展示并系统阐述遗产价值,形成面向公众的展示场景;第三,应结合城市发展背景整体构思工业遗产的特色职能,形成面向消费者的利用场景。三者既各成体系、又相互支撑并相互协调。最后以九江动力机厂保护规划为实证案例,提出上述目标的具体规划策略。  相似文献   

5.
陈伟权 《文化交流》2014,(11):67-70
＂非遗＂石雕基地花落浙江余姚市大隐镇。那里精美的石材与石雕工艺流动着文化血脉、闪烁着人类社会的文明之光。大隐有浙东小九寨的自然风光,又在青山掩映的河姆渡文化遗址附近,横卧的巨石上书有＂浙江省非物质文化遗产项目石雕传承基地＂;2013年11月浙江省文化厅批准宁波市18名＂非遗＂传承人,其中石雕石刻项目仅金星乔一人,他就在这个基地。  相似文献   

6.
20世纪以来,包括易学文献在内的一系列重大考古发现极大地开阔了人们的学术视野,对《易经》在西方的译介产生了深刻的影响。西方学者在翻译和诠释的过程中用出土易学文献来替代通行本部分对应文字,或者结合甲骨文、金文以及古文化遗址的考古发现对《易经》的意义进行重塑,打破传统经学的藩篱,在《易经》的诠释上走出一条全新的道路。  相似文献   

7.
Deterioration of Yungang Grottoes: Diagnosis and research   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Yungang Grottoes, in Datong City of Shanxi Province, China, as the state-level key cultural relic preservation organ, have been subjected to severe degradation due to natural and human factors over the years. Since January 2010, site investigation and research on Yungang Grottoes, assisted by the Xi’an Relics Protection Center and Yungang Grottoes Cultural Research Institute, have been carried out in the laboratory of cultural relics conservation materials in Zhejiang University. Our investigation of the deterioration characteristics of these grottoes is presented here. The paper describes about 12 types of diseases in detail represented by dust deposit, salt crystallization and black crust. Relevant samples have been collected and analyzed by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD and EDAX to study the potential hazard to the sandstones and conservation methods, which could be used to help guide remediation efforts directed at reducing the weathering problem.  相似文献   

8.
张益 《文化交流》2014,(4):8-12
痴心全意献身革命 去年底,瑞安叶茂钱收藏馆整理旧藏,除了发现百余件井岗山苏区时期重要文物外（《文化交流》2014年第2期刊文介绍）,还发现了孙中山先生的二十八件手稿.作者逐件检视,一读再读,查对考证,深为孙先生满腔革命热情所感动.这些手稿是研究辛亥革命与孙中山其人的珍贵文物,特予郑重报告.  相似文献   

9.
Plasma technology is an innovative environmental friendly process that can be an option to the conventional methods for materials’ processing. Nonequilibrium low pressure plasma found efficiency as a nondestructive method for the treatment of different materials, many of them belonging to the cultural heritage, in some proper operations such as: atomic-level cleaning, decontamination, thin film deposition. In the paper, the low pressure nonequilibrium plasma is applied for the deposition of plasma polymer poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) P(MMA-co-EtA) thin films on natural aged paper, with the consolidation and protective aim. To verify the plasma polymer applicability for paper protection and consolidation, the film is aged accelerated by UV radiation and the structural and morphological changes are evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, color/gloss measurement, contact angle and AFM.  相似文献   

10.
This paper deals with a possible application of computer vision techniques in the field of Cultural Heritage. These techniques allow an effective integration of data from different sources. Particular consideration will be given to an accurate geometric analysis of the zone under study in order to detect degradation damage in historical building-stone materials. To this end, we employ a computer vision technique, known as the Shape from Shading method, for which a photographic image of the stone material under consideration is the only input data required. By using this method, it is possible to recover, under some constraints, the shape of the three-dimensional surface of the object from the photographic image. In order to improve the results, in this paper, we implement this technique by using an optimization approach which allows a suitable integration of photographic and spatial data, the latter of which is obtained by a topographical device. We outline the potentialities of the method which mainly consist of two relevant capabilities. The first one is the geometric shape reconstruction of the surface material at a resolution much higher than the one allowed by topographical acquisition. The second one is the correction of the lighting-induced distortions in the photographic image. Such a correction is relevant for further image-based analysis of the degradation of the stone material. Experimental results, obtained by using both photographic and spatial data relative to a pudding stone with degradation, are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

11.
Given the civic and social commitments of urban local bodies in developing countries, renovation and maintenance of all heritage buildings and sites is a financially non-viable proposition. Urban planners, therefore, need to take decisions on which heritage sites are to be protected (either in their original form, or with suitable modifications that permit commercial use without destroying their architectural integrity) and the sites to be pulled down, ensuring more efficient land use. Such selection can generate considerable dispute between policy makers and various stakeholders unless the selection process is transparent, consistent and incorporates views of stakeholders. The difficulty in creating an analytical framework to be used for grading is the multiple (often qualitative) attributes of heritage sites. How to combine the performances of heritage structures with respect to these attributes into an aggregative index is a major concern for urban planners and conservationists. This paper argues that the Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) method may be a relevant method for grading heritage sites. The application of this method is illustrated for several heritage buildings in Calcutta, India.  相似文献   

12.
项目风险分析中的软系统方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
软系统方法(SSM———SoftSystem Methodology)是一个有效的系统分析方法,是处理人类活动复杂系统。本文针对项目风险分析方法中存在的问题,尝试将软系统方法引入项目风险分析过程中,把其嫁接端,建立了基于软系统方法的项目风险分析框架模型,详细论述了软系统方法在项目风险分析中的具应用软系统方法把项目风险分析中的问题结构化、清晰化,为进一步的分析奠定了基础。  相似文献   

13.
As an important element in the cultural heritage of a people, traditional rural constructions need to be conserved over time. Graphic and metric documentation methods play a key role in the preservation of cultural heritage. In this paper different existing methods of graphic and metric documentation are analysed in order to select the most suitable for the documentation of agro-industrial buildings according to their characteristics. The selected one is a simple close-range photogrammetry method, which is affordable and easy to understand for non experts. It is based on the use of plumb lines, a conventional digital camera and monoscopic restitution. The application of the method is illustrated in a particular case consisting on the graphic and metric documentation of a windmill. Also the accuracy of the method is evaluated in this particular case.  相似文献   

14.
The efficiency of a recently described non-aqueous method for paper deacidification using Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles in isopropanol was evaluated by pH and colorimetric measurements and by the analysis of the degree of polymerization (DP). Samples of plain paper and paper with iron gall ink were tested. The results were compared with non treated samples and samples submitted to the traditional treatment with saturated aqueous Ca(OH)2 solution. By comparing the two conservation methods, the aqueous one shows higher neutralization reaction kinetics than the non-aqueous one. The iron gall ink samples maintain their coloration closer to the original after the non-aqueous Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles treatment, in contrary to the aqueous treatment that changes the ink aesthetics considerably. Artificial aging tests revealed a general increase in the aging stability of deacidified paper samples. The Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles treatment can be an alternative for papers who can not be treated by the classical aqueous treatment, e.g. papers with water soluble components.  相似文献   

15.
Due to sensitivity of historic papers and their conservation importance, it is necessary to produce appropriate environment condition for preservation purposes. TiO2 nanoparticles have been evaluated for multiple applications in the conservation of paper because of TiO2 nanoparticles special characteristics for UV filtration, decomposing of air pollutants and their antifungal and antibacterial properties. Firstly, TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized in sol-gel process, and then have been coated on glass surface with spray-pyrolysis method. Then, coated glass used for preparing display box for protecting paper-art-works. Also, non-coated glass was used as a blank sample and assessments have been done on the filter paper (Whatman®) as a standard for paper-art-works. Temperature, humidity and light accelerated aging were done on samples in both coated and uncoated boxes. Results showed more tension strength and lower oxidation of paper and also, lower growth of fungi and bacteria in coated glassy box. Furthermore, madder dyed papers into coated box showed lower fading after UV exposure.  相似文献   

16.
The use of numerical simulation methods for the Cultural Heritage is of increasing importance for the analysis, conservation, restoration and appreciation of works of art. This is particularly important when their preservation and planned maintenance is the primary aim. Today museums, and particularly historical buildings converted to museums, should be considered as places where precious artefacts should have first-rate protection and conservation. It is a question of solving the compromise between protection, conservation and comfort for works of art and/or visitors, with the consequence that preservation and planned maintenance criteria must prevail over use requirements. Refurbishment and conservation of a building, and requirements for visitor presence and works of art need different thermo-physical indoor parameter values. The present paper concerns the thermal and air velocity analysis of the Salone dei Duecento (the Hall of the Two Hundred of the Palazzo Vecchio (Old Palace)) in Florence. In this paper an appropriate transient 3D model by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software based on the finite element method (FEM) was used. Variations and interaction between indoor and outdoor microclimatic conditions, and thermo-physical behaviour of the building connected to lighting, visitor presence and cooling–heating fan coils system were considered. The 3D modelling method provided by the present paper can be applied to several situations where there is interaction between outdoor and indoor climate variations and the building structure. It can be very useful for defining measures to preserve tapestries, understanding deterioration processes, and developing new conservation techniques and strategies for care and exhibition.  相似文献   

17.
The ASTM D6819-02e3 standard for testing the accelerated ageing of paper, published in 2002, recommends using closed glass vials in order to keep the degradation products in contact with the paper and thus permitting a better simulation of the natural ageing conditions inside closed books. In the present study, the actual conditions and their stability inside closed vessels have been evaluated. The necessity of assuring a very high sealing performance (tightness) of the systems in order to avoid leakage of water vapour is the main drawback of this ageing method. Systematic studies presented in this publication tried to monitor this tightness and have provided data that helped to answer the question of what circumstances could lead to achieving its improvement. Both gravimetric monitoring of water content in vials and “in situ” IR measurements of the aged paper humidity have been applied for this purpose. As a result, better sealing materials (gaskets and caps) than those recommended by the ASTM standard, have been found. Additionally, application of a dynamometric spanner for closing the vials is recommended, as this is a guarantee of reasonably high and recurring tightness of the systems used in tests. Nevertheless, the systematic, linear with time, loss of moisture for all used vials was observed. A 9% loss of the initial moisture content in samples of the aged paper was observed for the tested conditions (14 days at 90 °C). Therefore, it seems that including some kind of gravimetric control for ageing tests performed in closed vessels is of essential importance.Kinetic studies of accelerated ageing in both closed and open systems, as monitored by DP and breaking length measurements, unexpectedly show that no statistically meaningful difference of degradation rates can be observed. On the other hand, the pH and whiteness index values reveal a meaningful difference between the rates of ageing in these systems, thus confirming the basic assumption of the ASTM test concerning the interaction of paper degradation products with the paper itself.  相似文献   

18.
In this paper we propose a method for analysing the differences between theconsumption of popular and classical music, that we apply to Spain. Using theinformation contained in the Survey of Structure, Conscience and Biography ofClass, we estimate a bivariate probit model to characterise the audience foreach kind of music, we quantify the influence exerted by various socioeconomicfeatures on the demand for these goods and we describe the average profile ofconsumers.  相似文献   

19.
This paper considers the communitarian critique of the method of economics, especially in regard to its methodological individualism, with reference in particular to cultural economics. It asks whether cultural goods can be modelled in a meaningful way under the usual assumptions in neoclassical economics about individual economic agents. Special attention is paid to Charles Taylor's critique of 'atomism', and his suggestion that some goods are 'irreducibly social'. The implications of the critique for (1) public funding of the arts, and (2) copyright policy, are considered.  相似文献   

20.
One essential approach in preserving architectural heritage is the documentation of 3D geometries and surface textures of historic buildings. For example, precise colour information, excluding lighting effects, is an intrinsic property of the surface materials of building interiors and exteriors. However, while colour information has been recorded for small sample areas, it has not been accurately documented on the scale of entire building surfaces. This is critical, because building materials decay and their colours fade with time. The goal of this project is to develop a method to assist in recording and documenting the chromatic information of interiors and exteriors of historic buildings with low cost and high efficiency. The method takes advantage of emerging high dynamic range imaging (HDRI) technology, which can store rich information about colour and illumination through digital photography. By recording the colour information, in addition to the geometry and texture information obtained through other existing technologies, we can achieve more complete documentation for architectural heritage. In this paper, we discuss an overview of the problem and present our algorithms for utilizing computer vision techniques to retrieve chromatic information of historic buildings. We also present and discuss our experiments and results of applying our method to studies of lab objects and the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City, Beijing.  相似文献   

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