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1.
从伦敦奥运套开始,棒球不再是奥运会正式比赛项目。2005年10月7日,一际奥委会应国际棒联的要求,公布了新加坡全全项目设置投票结果,棒球项目因50票支持、54票反对,以4票之差被排除出2012年伦敦奥运会。同样,棒球无缘2016年奥运会,这些决定给世界棒球运动的发展带来了严峻的挑战。为什么国际奥委会做出这一决定,作者通过广泛地查阅资料,就棒球退出奥运会的原因进行探讨和分析,并进行归纳和总结。 相似文献
2.
2012伦敦奥运会筹办最突出的特征是其社会参与的多样性和广泛性。这与其奥运会组织者提出的办一届"每个人奥运会"的愿景具有内在的逻辑联系,旨在让奥运会从筹办开始就成为每一个人可以真切体验的事件,化为自己的生活经历,从而认同和选择奥运所提倡的通过参与体育促进个体发展,改善生活方式的理念。为了保证奥运筹办因社会广泛而多样的参与形成共识和合力,避免可能出现的冲突。伦敦奥运会的组织者为之设立了既能表达意见又能保持共识的法制平台,既分工明确又相互合作的组织机制,鼓励多元共享的参与方式及公开透明的筹办氛围。伦敦奥运会的筹办模式对目前奥运会等大型体育赛事的运作和体育参与中出现的问题,有很强的针对性,值得认真借鉴。 相似文献
3.
笔者对刚结束的广州亚运会和2008年北京奥运会中国奖牌分布状况进行了分析研究,指出目前我国竞技体育的优势项目、弱势项目和劣势项目。并对照2012年伦敦奥运会设定的比赛项目,提出我国参加下届伦敦奥运会在备战对策和参赛策略上的几点建议：①保持和稳定优势项目的夺牌强势。②挖掘弱势项目中个别小项的夺牌潜力。③抓好新设项目同一起点的竞争。④暂时放弃毫无夺牌希望的劣势项目。力争下届伦敦奥运会继续保持金牌和奖牌总数位居世界前列,实现我国从体育大国迈向体育强国的战略目标。 相似文献
4.
Matti Goksøyr 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(7):805-824
This article studies similarities and disparities between the two nations England and Norway as they could be observed before and during the London 2012 Olympics, and discuss them in the historical perspective of geopolitical and sportive relations. The main perspective is how these relations have been seen and experienced from Norway. The article also studies whether the London Olympics of 2012 did present new forms of relationships between the two geographical neighbours. The article discusses the role of ball games, preferably team handball at the 2012 Games, as one example of where sporting interests differ. The article reflects upon these matters in a historical context. It builds upon traditional historical methods, document and media analysis. It also looks at the 2012 London Olympics against the background of the former London Games of 1908 and 1948, and the overall historical sports relations between England, ‘land of sport’ and a small country like Norway, who generally has been on the receiving end of these interchanges. Such asymmetric relationships invite to a critical use of perspectives like cultural imperialism and post-colonialism. The article discusses whether such perspectives can be fruitful also when one discusses matters between the so-called First World nations. As the title of the article indicates, Norway and England are both close, politically and culturally, while also being strangers to one another, e.g. in parts of the sports culture. The 2012 Olympics seemed to reinforce this impression. 相似文献
5.
通过文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,分析2012伦敦奥运对我国竞技体育发展的影响,结果显示：2010伦敦奥运对我国竞技体育的发展具有巨大的推动作用。在阅读大量文献资料和专家访谈的基础上,提出了2012伦敦奥运后我国竞技体育发展中所要亟待解决的问题,并提出相应的对策,从而为我国竞技体育的发展提供参考和依据。 相似文献
6.
《Sport Management Review》2019,22(2):276-287
Despite the increasing academic interest in the analysis of the Olympic legacy, there is a relative knowledge gap as far as sports participation legacy is concerned. The authors bridge this gap by analysing the short-term sports participation legacy of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the adult population in England. By using data from the Active People Survey and considering different sports participation variables and the effect of the economic climate, results demonstrate a positive association with participation from hosting the Games. Participation rates were adjusted to take into account seasonality and changes in the gross domestic product (GDP), accounting in this way for the effect of the recent economic recession. The biggest effect was observed in relation to frequent participation (at least three times per week for at least 30 min) in the year immediately after the Games. In 2014, the sports participation rates fell relative to 2013 but remained higher than pre-Olympic levels. The sport participation legacy of the Olympic Games appeared to have significant differences between socio-demographic groups. 相似文献
7.
采用文献资料法对英国的奥运"金牌战略"进行剖析,为迎接2012年伦敦奥运会的到来,同时也为实现竞技体育本身的政治、经济价值,英国政府通过加强体育管理,采取政策措施,加大投资等方式在短时间内取得了斐然成绩,并对赛后遗产进行妥善规划。作为2008北京奥运的主办国,中国在今后发展竞技体育的过程中当汲取其成功经验,进一步完善举国体制,政府与社会共建,协调发展体育事业。 相似文献
8.
奥运后中华民俗体育发展之文化审视 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在体育“全球化”背景下,现代奥林匹克竞技运动已成为当今世界体育文化的主体,文章就2008奥运后的中华民俗体育发展问题从文化视角进行了探索性研究。研究表明：“平民体育”的民俗体育观念深入民心,现代体育管理理念加强民俗体育组织管理,文化传播语境转型促进民俗体育文化交流是2008年北京奥运会给民俗体育发展带来的契机。当代社会中民俗体育的主要功能是休闲和娱乐,具有广泛参与性的文化形式,朝着商业化的方向发展是民俗体育发展的未来趋势。 相似文献
9.
奥运会为中国体育政策的发展留下了宝贵遗产，特别是北京冬奥会的申办和筹备不仅加快了大众参与冰雪运动的相关政策制定及议程落实，也进一步丰富了奥运遗产的积淀。我国体育政策正在构建“多元的”“现实主义的”奥运话语体系，相比北京夏奥会，冬奥会的政策遗产更清晰，也更具可持续性。采用内容分析法和扎根理论，选取与2008年北京夏奥会和2022年北京冬奥会相关的国家层面体育政策（2001—2021年）进行分析，阐述北京夏冬奥运会影响我国国家体育政策的演进历程及时代特征的逻辑关系。研究认为，以北京夏冬奥运会为导向的国家体育政策演进呈现出3个特色鲜明的时代特征：北京夏奥会促进体育功能价值逐渐扩大（2001—2008年）；北京夏奥会助力体育强国战略的开启（2009—2014年）；北京冬奥会推动体育在国家经济社会发展的多元价值升级（2015—2021年）。 相似文献
10.
A legacy emphasis was one of the fundamental pillars of the London 2012 Olympic Games. The notion of an Olympic legacy was predicated on assumptions that the event's value would not purely derive from the sporting spectacle, but rather from the ‘success’ of enduring effects met out in London and across the country. For physical education students and practitioners, Olympic legacy agendas translated into persistent pressure to increase inspiration, engagement, participation and performance in the subject, sport and physical activity. Responding to this context, and cognizant of significant disciplinary scholarship, this paper reports initial data from the first phase of a longitudinal study involving Key Stage Three (students aged 11–13) cohorts in two comparable United Kingdom schools: the first an inner-city (core) London school adjacent to the Olympic Park in Stratford, East London (n = 150); the second a (peripheral) school in the Midlands (n = 198). The research involved the use of themed questionnaires focusing on self-reported attitudes towards the Olympic Games and experiences of physical education, sport and physical activity. Students from both schools demonstrated a wide variety of attitudes towards physical education and sport; yet, minor variances emerged regarding extreme enthusiasm levels. Both cohorts also expressed considerably mixed feelings towards the impending Olympic Games. Strong and variable responses were also reported regarding inspiration levels, ticketing acquisition and engagement levels. Consequently, this investigation can be read within the broader context of legacy debates and aligns well with physical educationalists' ongoing discomfort regarding legacy imperatives being enforced upon the discipline and its practitioners. Our work reiterates a shared disciplinary scepticism that while an Olympic Games may temporarily affect young peoples' affectations for sport (and maybe physical education and physical activity), it may not provide the best, or most appropriate, mechanism for sustained attitudinal and/or social changes en masse. 相似文献
11.
《Sport in History》2013,33(4):526-549
This article about doping and anti-doping measures and policy in West Germany in the context of the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich is part of a research project about ‘Doping and Anti-Doping in West-Germany’, supported by the German Government. The intention of this paper is to describe, analyse and discuss the process of changing relationships between state (including various governing sports bodies) and sport (including the German sport associations and federations) in West Germany in the context of the Munich Olympics, and how doping and anti-doping was dealt with in national and international high-level sports. The paper is based on relevant archives and documents from governmental and sports organizations, as well as on the current German and international state-of-the-art of doping (and anti-doping) research. 相似文献
12.
随着2008年北京奥运会的临近,中国旅游业将迎来历史性的突破。中国有着悠久的历史文化,民族传统体育奇葩争艳,北京奥运提出“人文奥运、绿色奥运”皆在突出体育旅游的文化品位和自然风格。借助体育项目的开发,旅游景点可提高其对旅客的吸引力。但是,结合体育项目的旅游要突出文化品位,要与当地的历史文化渊源相结合,体育项目要有可观赏性和一定的可参与性,否则,体育旅游就会失去魅力。 相似文献
13.
“绿色奥运”的核心和本质是构建人与自然和谐发展的生态文明，是体育与自然生态的共生与双赢。大型体育赛事由于其规模大、涉及面广而成为一项复杂的社会系统工程。在2008年北京“绿色奥运”理念下，探讨和借鉴“绿色奥运”模式构建我国大型体育赛事的绿色调控体系将具有重要意义。我国大型体育赛事绿色调控体系的构建主要应包括：大型体育赛事的绿色规划与管理；大型体育赛事绿色供应链与绿色物流的组织；市场经营开发中突出“绿色”形象，塑造“绿色”品牌；引入ISO14000环境管理体系，进行赛事绿色成本与效益控制。 相似文献
14.
London 2012 was a contradiction of Kipling's meretricious couplet about East and West. What was the response of the East, specifically the South Korean media, to London's selection as the host city of the 2012 Olympics? Furthermore, what were the various viewpoints of the South Korean media regarding the significance of London hosting the Olympic Games hard on the heels of the Beijing Olympics? Answers to these questions can provide insights into the geopolitics and politics of modern South Korea, which has very different relationships with China and Britain. An analysis, macroscopic and microscopic, in terms of politics, economics and culture, of media reactions in South Korea to the Olympics of the two nations can provide illuminating insights into a sports mega-event as an instrument of soft power. 相似文献
15.
Susanna Hedenborg 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(7):789-804
The purpose of this article is to analyse the cultural information on (Olympic) sports presented in Swedish media coverage of the London Games 2012. A starting point for the analysis is that the media plays an important part in shaping a majority of the viewers' ideas about what sport is, and who is a real sportsman or sportswoman. In that way, the media gives cultural information on sports. The article focuses on a quantitative analysis of media representations, exploring how coverage intersects with gender and nationality, and devotes special attention to a comparison between the ways in which Sweden and Britain are represented in the media. The study demonstrates that there was a higher percentage of articles on Swedish sportswomen participating in the London Olympic Games compared to previous Olympics. A possible explanation is that the Swedish gender equality discourse has permeated the Swedish media, influencing it to cover sportswomen more than before. In addition, the cultural information presented to the Swedish readership about the London Olympic Games is, in short and oversimplified, nationalism rather than internationalism; that women, and especially Swedish women, practise sport; that track and field, swimming, handball, equestrian sports and football are very important and that they are performed by both men and women; and, finally, that in Britain, men play football and women are not involved in many sporting activities. 相似文献
16.
17.
王志威 《上海体育学院学报》2012,(1):5-10
英国体育政策受人文地理、政党更迭、学者思想和法律等影响,在体育政策的制定与执行中,其发展重心偏向于社区体育,体现节约、实用、决策民主化、操作标准化和财政收支公开化,且每10年微调体育政策目标方向。现阶段英国体育政策发展的核心是为民众提供平等参与体育的机会和提高参与率,以及办好2012年伦敦奥运会。英国体育政策在"利民"和"利国"之间维持相对平衡。我国体育政策的发展,可以借鉴英国确立体育发展目标及制定程序和决策上的经验。 相似文献
18.
Preparations for London 2012 included promises for a sporting legacy across Britain. APS data suggest that, despite a slight spike in 2012, we have not experienced the rise in participation promised. The importance of preparations for legacy were well documented but little research has examined these processes. We examine planning for sporting legacy within a non-Olympic city in England, Birmingham. Thirty-Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with people delivering sport in Birmingham to provide a figurational analysis of relationships involved. The change in government during the economic recession saw budget cuts and a reduction in sport development personnel. Whilst various organisations struggled financially, others wanted to link to legacy. This increase in groups involved led to confusion and the unintended outcome of ‘initiativitis’. In trying to leverage legacy, a strategic approach to managing potential opportunities with clear communication of opportunities is vital. A belief in inherent inspiration cannot be relied upon. 相似文献
19.
Wayne Wilson 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(1):144-156
The 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games created a new sponsorship model for organising committees, changed perceptions about the value of hosting the Games, encouraged greater reliance on television revenue and generated a $232.5 million surplus. Although observers rarely cite sports venues as a 1984 legacy, the Los Angeles Olympics resulted in the construction or improvement of nearly 100 sport facilities in Southern California in three decades following the Games. These sports spaces served more than 500,000 young people annually. Much of the construction funding came from grants made by the LA84 Foundation, which was endowed with Southern California's share of the 1984 surplus. The Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee (LAOOC) achieved a surplus by producing substantial revenues while tightly controlling costs. A key element of cost control was limited spending on Olympic venues. The LAOOC built only three new venues, relying on existing stadiums for all other venues. The LAOOC's construction budget was significantly lower than those of other Olympic organisers in the 1980s and 1990s. Thus, by building very few new venues for the 1984 Games, the LAOOC laid the groundwork for a legacy of sports fields, tracks, gymnasiums and pools built or improved after 1984. 相似文献
20.
以新冠疫情对2022年北京冬奥会体育遗产的影响为研究目标,将《2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会遗产战略计划》中体育遗产的7项重点任务作为分析框架,通过对国家体育总局、北京冬奥组委等部门的26名工作人员访谈,收集质性数据,发现新冠疫情对2022年北京冬奥会体育遗产的消极影响源自2条路径:①疫情直接影响冬奥体育遗产;②疫情导致东京奥运会延迟,间接影响冬奥体育遗产。其对冬奥体育遗产的积极影响源自3条路径:①利益相关者因疫情改变工作模式,获得新知识;②疫情的消极影响产生替代效应;③利益相关者在应对疫情中形成新关系。基于此,从冬奥遗产工作常态化疫情防控的必要条件、中和消极影响的基本方法、开发积极影响的路径与方式等维度提出建议。 相似文献