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1.
在幼儿的相关生活习惯和饮食习惯培养的黄金阶段对幼儿进行教育促进,能够使幼儿的健康饮食行为的重要性让教师和家长思想上真正开始进行重视起来,这对幼儿进行幼儿健康饮食行为的培养具有十分重要的意义,能够培养幼儿养成正确的饮食习惯以及饮食礼仪。本文以相关研究为参考,对食育课程的基本内涵进行了解读,就食育课程为培养幼儿健康饮食行为的重要性做出了相关解析。在现实的教学实践上,提出了一些培养幼儿健康饮食习惯的具体策略,期望能够提供一些参考。 相似文献
2.
The vast majority of American middle schools and high schools sell what is known as "competitive foods", such as soft drinks, candy bars, and chips, to children. The relationship between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and snacks and childhood obesity is well established but it remains unknown whether competitive food sales in schools are related to unhealthy weight gain among children. We examined this association using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort. Employing fixed effects models and a natural experimental approach, we found that children's weight gain between 5(th) and 8(th) grades was not associated with the introduction or the duration of exposure to competitive food sales in middle school. Also, the relationship between competitive foods and weight gain did not vary significantly by gender, race/ethnicity, or family SES, and remained weak and insignificant across several alternative model specifications. One possible explanation is that children's food preferences and dietary patterns are firmly established before adolescence. Also, middle school environments may dampen the effects of competitive food sales because they so highly structure children's time and eating opportunities. 相似文献
3.
Catherine Mogharreban Ph.D. Marcia Nahikian-Nelms 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1996,24(1):29-32
This article discusses family-style meal service as a means to building autonomy and healthy eating behaviors in young children.
The authors discuss the development of food preferences, age-related developmental responses to food, and the importance of
socially mediated exposure to food as a way to increased food acceptance. Guidelines for implementing family-style mealtimes
in child care settings are outlined.
To think, “On a typical day in 1992, 1.9 million children ate at least one of their meals in a child care center or family
day care home”. (Briley, Roberts-Gray, & Simpson, 1994). 相似文献
4.
3岁~6岁是幼儿良好饮食习惯养成的关键时期,教师应通过开展食育主题活动,让幼儿在活动中获得有关饮食的知识,具备选择饮食的能力,培养幼儿与自然、环境和谐相处的意识,理解和传承饮食文化,养成健康的饮食和生活习惯。教师要善于将食育主题活动与生活教育、环境创设、礼仪教育、传统文化相结合,培养健康、文明的幼儿。 相似文献
5.
Three experiments delivered food at fixed or random intervals independently of the rat’s behavior, always less than the amount eaten with food freely available. The results revealed a Polydipsie response to this experimental suppression of eating, and total drinking decreased as total eating increased. When we added a lever that signaled each food delivery, leverpressing and drinking rose far above their baseline levels; both responses decreased as total eating increased. When a similar schedule presented lever and food independently, rats still became Polydipsie, but showed no sign of autoshaped leverpressing. A fourth experiment revealed a hypophagic response to schedules that suppressed drinking; total eating increased with total drinking. As mutual substitutes in the economic sense, one behavior falls as the other rises; as mutual complements in the economic sense, the two behaviors rise or fall together. We discuss polydipsia and autoshaping in terms of drinking as an intrinsic substitute for eating, and leverpressing as a learned substitute for eating. The results suggest a revision of conservation theory, which views drinking and eating as substitutes when the schedule suppresses eating but as complements when the schedule suppresses drinking. 相似文献
6.
Maternal Socialization of Children''s Eating Habits: Strategies Used by Obese Mexican-American Mothers 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Mexican-Americans are more likely to be obese than the general population, yet little research has been conducted on the socialization of eating habits in Mexican-American children. 38 obese mothers enrolled in a weight-loss program and their 4-8-year-old children were observed during mealtime and the mothers interviewed about their socialization practices. Mothers relied primarily on nondirective verbal control strategies during the observation. Child compliance was more likely to follow a maternal serving or command than a nondirective behavior. Mothers encouraged sons to eat more than did mothers of girls. Child age was negatively correlated with mother's use of commands, reasoning, threats, and bribes, and positively correlated with maternal nondirectives, servings, and child compliance. Mothers with more years of formal education served healthier foods and were more likely to report using reasoning strategies, prohibiting consumption of unhealthy food, monitoring child food consumption away from home, and allowing child input into the eating situation than were less educated mothers. 相似文献
7.
Lexi Earl 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2020,41(4):476-489
AbstractPolicy makers in the UK are trying to improve school meals, by focusing on eating well. This article explores the way policies are framed by academic performance and health as a reason for providing school lunches. Using Nussbaum’s capability approach we argue that the purpose of schooling should be to provide young people with the ability to lead a life of choice. We argue that school meals are an important social good, which allow young people to develop critical skills around food which they can then use throughout their lives. We draw on evidence from two ethnographic research projects on food in schools, conducted in England. We question whether the collocation between healthy eating and learning should be the focus of school food reform and contemplate the role of society and government to provide children with healthy meals, irrespective of learning outcomes. School meals are more than good exam results. 相似文献
8.
幼儿的饮食习惯与他们的身体健康有着密不可分的联系,只有有正确的饮食行为,才能帮助孩子实现健康成长。一般来说,零至七岁是养成良好习惯的关键期,在这个阶段开展的食育课程,甚至可以影响他们一生的饮食行为。对此,本文从必要性阐述出发,研究环境与饮食教育的关系及推进食育课程的必要手段,对如何培养幼儿健康饮食行为展开了探讨。 相似文献
9.
陆意玲 《宁波教育学院学报》2012,(1):99-100,108
良好的饮食习惯与幼儿的健康有着密切的关系。零至七岁是饮食习惯形成的关键期,在这个阶段进行科学的食育往往能影响人的一生,起到事半功倍的效果。科学的幼儿食育,能有效提高孩子知食、选食、品食以及烹调的能力,进而形成良好的饮食习惯。 相似文献
10.
Bennetf G. Galef 《Learning & behavior》1990,18(4):347-351
Rats that (1) either ate a small sample of one or two foods (Diet A or Diet B) or interacted with a demonstrator that had eaten either Diet A or Diet B, (2) ate both Diets A and B in succession, and (3) were made ill preferred whichever of the two foods they or their respective demonstrators had eaten. Although eating a food and interacting with a demonstrator that had eaten that food were each sufficient to enhance preference for the food, eating particles of food clinging to the fur of a demonstrator was not necessary for enhancement of preference for the food that a demonstrator ate. Subjects exposed to demonstrators they could not physically contact still exhibited enhanced preference for the food that their demonstrator had eaten. The data were discussed as indicating that although smelling a diet, eating a diet, and interacting with a demonstrator that had eaten a diet can each enhance preference for that diet, it cannot be inferred that eating a food, smelling a food, and interacting with a demonstrator that has eaten a food each affect diet preference via the same process. 相似文献
11.
《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(3):323-334
The article explores the need to eat as a biological and social practice among children in a preschool in Norway. The children in this preschool are aged from one to two years of age, and some of them have just started there. Different events from mealtimes relate to Derrida's concept of touch and Grosz's notion of bodies in‐place and out‐of‐place. How food touches the children and the practitioners is further discussed through a consideration of body/place relations, which are both material and reflect pedagogical discourses. Its overall context is not only touching the food in a concrete sense, but also food as touch seen as a philosophical concept. Analyzing touching relations around the table including movements in materiality, bodies and discourses of eating may empower the youngest children in a preschool setting. 相似文献
12.
Vegetables at Any Cost: How the Media Markets Children’s Unhealthy Food Preferences in North America
Meghan Lynch 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2011,39(5):297-302
This editorial explores the recent endorsement by the North American media of blending, or ‘disguising,’ vegetables in other
foods as a strategy for encouraging children to eat vegetables. The author argues that the myriad of media such as books,
television programs, and internet sites that promote diverse, and often inconsistent, advice on children’s nutrition contributes
to the challenge, rather than aids, parents and teachers in successfully encouraging children to develop healthy food preferences.
In this editorial, a sample of media promoting the disguising vegetable strategy are presented and compared to research recommendations
for children’s healthy food preference development. To promote this strategy, the media were found to draw upon a variety
of authority sources and stress the necessity of young children eating adequate servings of vegetables. Such advice was found
to contrast with research recommendations for developing children’s long-term healthy nutritional behaviours. In light of
such findings, the editorial concludes with recommending areas needed for future research and practice. 相似文献
13.
Reed P 《Learning & behavior》2011,39(1):27-35
Binge eating is often associated with stress-induced disruption of typical eating patterns. Three experiments were performed
with the aim of developing a potential model for this effect by investigating the effect of presenting response-independent
stimuli on rats’ lever-pressing for food reinforcement during both fixed-interval (FI) and fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of reinforcement.
In Experiment 1, a response-independent brief tone (500-ms, 105-dB, broadband, noisy signal, ranging up to 16 kHz, with spectral
peaks at 3 and 500 Hz) disrupted the performance on an FI 60-s schedule. Responding with the response-independent tone was
more vigorous than in the absence of the tone. This effect was replicated in Experiment 2 using a within-subject design, but
no such effect was noted when a light was employed as a disrupter. In Experiment 3, a 500-ms tone, but not a light, had a
similar effect on rats' performance on FR schedules. This tone-induced effect may represent a release from response-inhibition
produced by an aversive event. The implications of these results for modeling binge eating are discussed. 相似文献
14.
The present study involved detailed chart review for a sample of college students referred to a psychiatrist for pharmacologic evaluation to obtain information about clinical decisions to prescribe antipsychotic medication. Six colleges and universities referred 540 students to an off-campus consulting psychiatrist, and 40 of these students (7.4%) had been prescribed antipsychotic medication at some point in their treatment. Results indicated that approximately 33% of students who had been prescribed an atypical antipsychotic had a diagnosis consistent with FDA-approved use. In addition, roughly 33% of students who had been prescribed an atypical antipsychotic had diagnoses (e.g., eating or anxiety disorders) for which there is weak or little empirical evidence that these agents are effective. Another 33% of the sample presented with an uncertain or unusual combination of symptoms that were difficult to diagnose. Even though this study found that off-label use of atypical antipsychotics was common, only one such use seemed to deviate from accepted standards of care. The present findings are consistent with other research in showing that atypical antipsychotics often are used despite a lack sound evidence of their effectiveness. These findings are consistent with other research that atypical antipsychotics are overprescribed for young people despite limited evidence for their effectiveness, and demonstrate that this pattern may continue with college students. 相似文献
15.
《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2012,48(4-5):571-587
Food and drink are associated with survival and for children and young people the edible landscape represents an essential part of survival in the modern school. Within any institution that ‘contains’ persons over time, such as schools, hospitals and prisons, the organization and control of eating and drinking takes on a particularly significant role. At one and the same time, food and drink and the space in which they are served and consumed can become a site of contested desires, a space where authority and resistance are exercised. It is clear from early accounts that the association of school children with food and drink was also seen as potentially chaotic. It served to remind those seeking to ‘improve’ the morals and behaviour of the ‘lower’ classes of the chasm of difference that existed between the social classes. There is a sense of fear and revulsion in these early accounts of collective consumption. But schools and kindergartens were, from the middle of the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth century, also important sites for the production and consumption of food as a form of pedagogy. This paper explores the interior and exterior edible landscape of school in the UK context and suggests some pointers to its significance in terms of the development of pedagogy and curriculum. 相似文献
16.
This study examined 2- to 3-year-olds' ability to make a pretend-real distinction in the absence of content cues. Children watched two actors side by side. One was really eating, and the other was pretending to eat, but in neither case was information about content available. Following the displays, children were asked to retrieve the real food (Experiment 1) or point to the container with the real food (Experiments 2 and 3). 3- and 2.5-year-olds distinguished between the real and pretend acts based on behavioral cues alone. Two-year-olds chose the containers at random, but their spontaneous reactions suggested that they discriminated the real acts from pretense to some degree. Possible accounts for the discrepancy between the different behavioral measures are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Speech patterning of natural discourse of well and depressed mothers and their young children 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The speech behavior of 14 depressed and 18 nondepressed mothers during conversations with their 3-year-old children was examined in this study. Given the general motor retardation, reduced energy level, and social withdrawal of depressed individuals, the speech patterns of depressed mothers were predicted to differ from the speech patterns of well mothers. Depressed mothers vocalized less often and responded less quickly to the cessation of their children's speech than healthy mothers. However, in a mildly stressful situation (awaiting a doctor's visit) the depressed mothers, but not the healthy mothers, significantly increased their level of speech productivity. Children of the depressed mothers spoke less than children of healthy women, particularly while sitting and eating lunch with their mothers. The observed difference in the mothers' behaviors was interpreted as an indication that the 2 groups of children are exposed to very different patterns of socialization. The offspring of depressed women are being taught both to keep social interaction to a minimum and to be overreactive to even mild stresses. The differences in the children's behavior may indicate that already these 3-year-old children have learned to keep their interactions with their mother to a minimum. This manner of adaptation may have negative effects on the child's continued social, emotional, and cognitive development. 相似文献
18.
19.
论民族传统工艺食雕——靖州雕花蜜饯 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
食品雕刻是一种艺术,是一种造型艺术。食雕的重要性在悠久灿烂的中国文化中包含了丰富的饮食文化,食雕将日常的饮食与雕刻艺术结合起来,丰富了食品的制作和人们的餐饮方式。人们在品尝美味的同时,可欣赏它的艺术美。雕花蜜饯的一幅幅图案是靖州侗族、苗族人民生活的百科书。我们应借用现代构成理论从符号层面解读靖州雕花蜜饯中的形式能指及文化所指,让这一民间艺术瑰宝绽放出应有的异彩,从而为继承和发扬湘西雕花蜜饯这一雕花艺术形式找到新的途径,同时也是为了保护好雕花这一文化遗产提供具有学术价值的理论支持。 相似文献
20.
This literature review uses four dimensions to classify and compare how food‐related decision‐making is conceptualized and experimentally assessed in neuroscience and other disciplines: (1) food‐related decision‐making other than the decision of what to eat that is part of each eating episode, (2) decision complexes other than the eating episode itself, (3) the evolution of food‐related decision‐making over time, and (4) the nature of food related decisions. In neuroscience in particular, food‐related decision‐making research has been dominated by studies exploring the influence of a wide range of factors on the final outcome, the type and amount of foods eaten. In comparison, the steps that are leading up to this outcome have only rarely been discussed. Neuroscientists should broaden their historically narrow conceptualization of food‐related decision‐making. Then neuroscience research could help group the numerous hypothesized influences for each of the decision complexes into meaningful clusters that rely on the same or similar brain mechanisms and that thus function in similar ways. This strategy could help researchers improve existing broad models of human food‐related decision‐making from other disciplines. The integration of neuroscientific and behavioral science approaches can lead to a better model of food‐related decision‐making grounded in the brain and relevant to the design of more effective school and nonschool lifestyle interventions to prevent and treat obesity in children, adolescents, and adults. 相似文献