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企业应付变化的战略:渐进主义--一种基于组织学习的分析框架 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
信息时代环境的复杂性和不可完全预测性的特点，对传统战略理论提出了挑战，在一定程度上要求企业采取一种渐进主义战略来应付急剧的变化。战略是一种学习模式，学习能为组织提供一种对环境连续的适应性。本文认为，组织学习是一个个人改善的过程，在这过程中，他们共同思考和行动，促使战略模式的形成。从经济学的角度看，组织学习也有存在的必要性和合理性。 相似文献
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立足我国当前制造企业产品创新团队使用的普遍性和绩效提升困难性的管理实践,以企业层组织结构特征四维度为解释变量、团队层知识整合能力为中介变量,构建了影响产品创新团队绩效的跨层次概念模型,并运用多层线性模型对我国83家制造企业326个产品创新团队的调查数据进行了跨层次分析.研究发现:组织结构特征各维度均对产品创新团队绩效产生跨层次影响;团队层知识整合能力在组织结构集权化程度、柔性化程度与产品创新团队绩效间具有部分中介效应,在扁平化程度与产品创新团队绩效间具有完全中介效应,在规范化程度与产品创新团队绩效间的中介效应不显著. 相似文献
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随着团队创业成为主要的创业形式,创业团队成为创业活动的决策主体,成为创业企业应对不确定性和复杂性、承担风险、建立市场合法性的重要力量.创业团队引导着创业企业的组建、生存和发展,成为新企业组织资源和创造价值的核心动力.正是在这样的背景下,现有研究不断丰富和发展团队创业和创业团队的相关理论成果,为理解团队创业过程中团队动态... 相似文献
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基于信息时代的企业业绩评价方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
信息时代的企业具有规模扩张、经营多角、组织结构多样、经营环境复杂等特点，传统单一的财务评价体系已不能满足全方位计量、评价企业业绩的需要。平衡计分卡做为一种新的计量、评价企业业绩的方法，从其特点、指标体系、因果关系、建立步骤，实施过程等方面看，不失为信息时代一种评价企业业绩的好方法。 相似文献
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本文从分析知识经济的特征入手，引入知识型企业两种形态：知识型服务企业和知识型制造企业，讨论了知识型制造企业组织架构的原则，分别从知识团队组织架构设计、高层团队组织架构设计和功能性专家团队架构设计三方面对知识型制造企业组织架构进行了详细的探讨，提出了一个知识型制造企业的组织架构模型。 相似文献
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数字创业企业利用数字技术实现跨行业和领域边界经营，产品多元化战略是驱动数字创业企业迅速成长形成商业生态的重要举措。已有产品多元化影响因素研究从内部资源视角或外部需求视角考虑单一要素的驱动作用，尚未深入探讨各前因要素之间的互动和因果复杂性机制。因此，本文采用fsQCA方法，探究资源侧和需求侧的5个前因条件对数字创业企业产品多元化战略的协同影响。研究结果表明，数字创业企业的产品多元化驱动机制可分为3种模式：团队—用户质量驱动型、团队—用户数量驱动型、财务—用户驱动型。研究发现，单一的需求因素或单一的资源因素并不能直接驱动数字创业企业进行产品多元化，内部资源与外部需求的结合是数字创业企业进行产品多元化的真正驱动力。本文基于组态视角，探究了数字创业企业的产品多元化发展路径，对于把握数字经济背景下创业活动的全新内涵，推动我国数字经济持续增长具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献