共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
Amanda Keddie 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(9):1001-1016
This paper presents data from an interview-based case study of a secondary school located in a suburban area of Queensland (Australia). The school is a non-traditional education site designed to support disadvantaged girls, many of whom are Indigenous, and is highly regarded for its holistic approach to gender and cultural inclusion and equity. Through lenses that align Nancy Fraser's theories of redistributive and recognitive justice, with Indigenous feminists' equity priorities, the paper identifies and analyses the structures and practices at the school that support the girls' capacities for self-determination and their sense of cultural integrity. The paper is an important counterpoint within the context of mainstream gender equity and schooling discourses that continue to homogenise gender categories, sideline the multiple axes of differentiation that interplay to compound gender (dis)advantage and deflect attention away from marginalised girls. In particular, it provides significant insight into how schools can begin to reconcile the double bind of racism and sexism that continues to stymie the schooling and post-school outcomes of Indigenous girls. 相似文献
2.
本文从机制设计理论的视角分析城市义务教育的均衡发展问题。首先以三组实证数据鲜明地揭示了城市义务教育区（县）间、学校间和群体间不均衡的现实状况。然后从现存体制中追寻造成不均衡的原因,并针对性地提出政府保证底线公平,兼容市场机制,市级政府统筹的改革思路。根据机制设计原理,具体设计了城市义务教育均衡推进的实施机制,包括市政府制定办学基准,客观核定经费缺口和公式化拨款,建立多方激励相容机制,由优质学校带动薄弱学校发展,以及将均衡纳入政绩考核等。 相似文献
3.
CHEN Jing-yi 《江苏教育研究》2008,(21)
本文从机制设计理论的视角分析城市义务教育的均衡发展问题。首先以三组实证数据鲜明地揭示了城市义务教育区(县)间、学校间和群体间不均衡的现实状况。然后从现存体制中追寻造成不均衡的原因,并针对性地提出政府保证底线公平,兼容市场机制,市级政府统筹的改革思路。根据机制设计原理,具体设计了城市义务教育均衡推进的实施机制,包括市政府制定办学基准,客观核定经费缺口和公式化拨款,建立多方激励相容机制,由优质学校带动薄弱学校发展,以及将均衡纳入政绩考核等。 相似文献
4.
Glenn C. Savage 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2013,34(2):185-201
The term equity is ubiquitous in Australian education policy and evolves amidst ongoing debates about what it means to be fair in education. Over the past three decades, meanings and practices associated with equity have reflected broader shifts in advanced liberal governance, with equity being reframed as a ‘market-enhancing’ mechanism and melted into economic productivity agendas. In this paper, I argue that an emerging, yet, under-examined policy tension is the view that secondary schools are capable of being equitable, whilst simultaneously acting as adaptive service providers, tailoring education to different students and local markets. A dilemma here is whether or not schools should ‘tailor equity’ or whether tailoring equity is indeed antithetical to equity in so far as it implies unequal provision. To explore this tension, I draw upon fieldwork from ethnographic research in two socially and economically disparate government secondary schools in suburban Melbourne, Australia. In doing so, I explore how equity is enacted and governed by educators, how forms of equity at each school relate to versions of equity in policy and the extent to which each school tailors equity to its local community. 相似文献
5.
Concerns about pupil disengagement from school and society have led to compulsory citizenship education in state schools in England. However, there is little evidence that the new citizenship education is meeting its goals. The research described here assesses a new approach to citizenship education that appears to overcome some of the identified obstacles in current practices. Hampshire's ‘Rights, respect and responsibility’ initiative is a rights‐based whole school reform of school policies and practices. Under this initiative the contemporaneous citizenship status of pupils is respected, pupils are taught about their rights under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and democratic participation is made meaningful in classroom and school functioning. Of particular interest is that the initiative starts in infant schools. This research indicates that young children can understand their rights and responsibilities in ways that are meaningful to their everyday behaviour and that rights‐based whole school reform has the capacity to improve pupil learning and citizenship behaviours. 相似文献
6.
Susan Peters 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(4):287-308
This case-based study of two school reform efforts in the USA examines how the process of inclusive education works for SEN students and the extent to which these students and their teachers feel as though they are an integral part of school reform. At its heart, this study focuses on three central questions. Do the philosophy, process, practices and organizational structures of these school reform movements promote inclusion for all students? What is the impact of the schools' practices and principles on individual students? What conditions and contexts best promote inclusion, and which ones act as barriers to successful inclusion? The schools in these two school reform movements provide powerful examples of how changes in school organization, climate, curriculum and instructional strategies build on the strengths of students, staff and community to create optimal learning results for all students. In this study, the perception of pedagogical and political ‘gaps’ between school effectiveness reform agendas and inclusive education reveal a narrow, rational-technical view of reform. The hope for the future is that the growing efforts in support of inclusive education within the broader socio-political and constructivist school reform movements, exemplified by the schools in this case study, will become an influential counter-force for social justice and disability-rights' action in schools everywhere. 相似文献
7.
In the last decade, gender equity has become one of the most prominent issues in education reform efforts worldwide. Yet, questions of gender equity have received very little attention in the education reform efforts in the post-socialist countries during the transition period. Focusing on the political, economic, and social changes of the 1990s, this article examines school-based gender equity as it is treated in textbooks, curriculum, teacher attitudes, school environment, leadership and tracking. The article presents gender-sensitive strategies for reform and explores how existing ‘gender-neutral’ education practices detrimentally affect gender equity in schools, providing country-specific examples. The article concludes with recommendations for teaching in transition, given the education sphere's strong potential to redress gender inequities. 相似文献
8.
Peter W. Hewson Jane Butler Kahle Kathryn Scantlebury Darleen Davies 《科学教学研究杂志》2001,38(10):1130-1144
A central commitment of current reforms in science education is that all students, regardless of culture, gender, race, and/ or socioeconomic status, are capable of understanding and doing science. The study “Bridging the Gap: Equity in Systemic Reform” assessed equity in systemic reform using a nested research design that drew on both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. As part of the study, case studies were conducted in two urban middle schools in large Ohio cities. The purpose of the case studies was to identify factors affecting equity in urban science education reform. Data were analyzed using Kahle's (1998) equity metric. That model allowed us to assess progress toward equity using a range of research‐based indicators grouped into three categories critical for equitable education: access to, retention in, and achievement in quality science education. In addition, a fourth category was defined for systemic indicators of equity. Analyses indicated that the culture and climate of the case study schools differentially affected their progress toward equitable reform in science education. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 1130–1144, 2001 相似文献
9.
英国大选后,新任教育大臣迈克尔戈夫上任伊始就开始了对中小学校的教育改革,通过颁布《学园法案》并倡导中小学转变成为学园,鼓励创建"自由学校",取消或关闭一些无助于学校提高教育质量的机构和组织等措施,力图消除学校管理中的官僚主义,赋予学校和教师更大的管理学校和课程的权力,让家长和学生有更大选择优质学校的权利,政府还设立学生补助金帮助处境不利学生,以改变英国中小学教育中的不平等和不均衡现象。英国政府简政放权促进中小学校全面提高教育教学质量和促进教育均衡的改革措施对我国也有启示。 相似文献
10.
John Polesel 《比较教育学》2006,42(4):549-562
Despite concerns regarding Italy’s high levels of early school‐leaving, regional differences in educational outcomes and persistent inequalities, efforts to reform the country’s complex system of senior secondary schooling have been repeatedly frustrated. Regarded by the left as contributing to the reproduction of social inequalities, Italy’s dual‐track system of academic and vocational secondary schools has been the focus of many reform efforts, for the most part unsuccessful. Recent proposals for reform, initiated by the recently deposed right‐wing Government coalition, reflected a very different approach to change, reinforcing the division between the academic and the vocational in Italy’s schools and largely devolving responsibility for vocational education and training to the regions. This article examines the proposals and concludes that, like past initiatives, they were largely ideologically driven, focusing on the structures of schooling rather than teaching and learning. The article points to the need for the current Government to base change on a strong theoretical foundation and on focused research into the outcomes of schooling for different student groups. 相似文献
11.
Carolyn Jackson Corresponding author Moray Bisset 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2005,35(2):195-211
This paper explores factors influencing parents' choices of single‐sex or co‐educational schools in the independent sector. In doing so, it explores two relatively under‐researched aspects of school choice by focusing upon gender and upon the middle classes. The paper draws upon research conducted in three independent schools—a boys' school, a girls' school and a co‐educational school. Data were generated via questionnaires (225 responses) and semi‐structured interviews (15 sets of parents). The findings suggest that the reputation and exam results of schools are key features guiding parents' school choices. However, whether a school is single‐sex or co‐educational is an important factor for many parents. Furthermore, the long‐held view that single‐sex education has advantages (especially academic) for girls, whilst co‐education has advantages (especially social) for boys, still prevails. 相似文献
12.
Miriam E. David 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2011,38(1):25-42
This paper is about changing concepts of equity in UK higher education. In particular, it charts the moves from concepts about
gender equality as about women’s education as a key issue in twentieth century higher education to questions of men’s education
in the twenty-first century. These changing concepts of equity are linked to wider social and economic transformations, the
expansion of higher education and the growth in the knowledge economy, or what has been called ‘academic capitalism’. Feminist
theorists and activists, often called second wave feminists, developed concepts of gender equality in education, including
higher education in the twentieth century, and these have been incorporated into higher education and policies with the expansions
of higher education, especially around notions of widening participation. Notions of widening participation in policy and
practice arenas focus on equity as about social class, socio-economic disadvantage, ethnicity and race, rather than specifically
on gender questions. Equity is now twinned with diversity and where gender is now invoked it is largely about young and working
class men’s disadvantage in relation to higher education. In this paper, I will also provide research evidence from the UK’s
Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP) which has been the UK’s biggest ever initiative in education research about
equity and diversity as currently conceived in UK higher education. I will show how gender has been incorporated with diversity
questions and has lost its critical and feminist edge. I conclude with addressing questions about the future of higher education
policies and practices to address questions of equity and diversity, attempting to counter the systemic inequalities in current
forms of UK higher education. There are opportunities for developing new, critical and feminist pedagogies. More inclusive
or ‘connectionist’ approaches, rather than ‘teaching to the test’, would engage socially diverse men and women students in
a range of higher education subjects and settings. 相似文献
13.
Elisabeth L. Woody 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(2):148-160
This article examines heterosexist assumptions and the role of homophobia in students' experiences in California's public "Single Gender Academies," in an effort to include issues of sexuality in current discourses on adolescent gender identity and public school reform. Interviews with students, conducted as part of the most comprehensive research on public single-sex schooling in the U.S. to date, reveal a critical link between students' notions of sexuality and definitions of masculinity and femininity. Alongside dichotomous, static notions of gender, the ideology and structure of the Single Gender Academies largely promoted heterosexist assumptions of students' sexuality. Such assumptions pervaded school policies and practices as well as peer relations and students' sense of gender identity. Students, in turn, both actively constructed and resisted a theory of gender which framed boys and girls in opposition and promoted heterosexuality as the norm. This article provides an analysis of homophobia among students and the influence of academy assumptions on students' attitudes. Such a focus allows for an investigation of gender and sexuality at both individual and institutional levels. While the research is based on data collected at public single-sex schools, the findings provide insight into students' articulations of gender and sexuality across a variety of school contexts. 相似文献
14.
National education policy in England under New Labour Governments has encompassed both a ‘standards agenda’ and an ‘inclusion agenda’, with schools required to respond to both simultaneously. Some previous studies have seen these agendas as contradictory and have seen schools' efforts to develop inclusive practices as being undermined by these contradictions. This paper questions this account with reference to a primary school participating in a collaborative action research project which aimed to develop inclusive practices in schools. It shows how the school, far from finding these agendas contradictory, drew on both in making sense of its situation. It argues that the development of inclusive practices may draw on national policy as a productive resource, and suggests that inclusion scholars and advocates may need to refocus their work if they are to offer such schools alternatives to the formulations of national policy. 相似文献
15.
Wang Li-Ching 《Chinese Education & Society》2014,47(4):23-31
Gender mainstreaming and gender equity education are specific practices for creating a gender-equitable society. Gender mainstreaming tools can be used to help educational institutions engage in more thorough consideration when implementing gender equity education. This article addresses gender mainstreaming, gender equity education, and the concept of gender mainstreaming in the education system, followed by a discussion of mainstreaming methods using two actual cases. The author argues that providing professional assistance and setting up a school gender equity education committee are ways to improve the quality of gender mainstreaming in schools. To promote gender mainstreaming in schools, education authorities can begin by proposing small-scale experimental programs and scale them up gradually. This will achieve superior results, and schools can also use the experiences of other schools as reference points. 相似文献
16.
We draw on case‐study research at a high‐achieving secondary school in London to illustrate how school experiences may influence drug use and reproduce inequalities in reconstructed ways in late modernity. Qualitative data were collected through semi‐structured interviews with students and teachers, and observations. We focus in particular on the accounts of three female students expressing a shared counter‐school identity and style to explore how drug use has become an important source of bonding, identity construction, coping and excitement for young women from disadvantaged families at high‐achieving schools, including as part of strategies to resist the narrow focus schools can place on academic attainment, monitoring and discipline. We propose that, in late modern times, class‐based counter‐school cultures are being replaced with new consumer‐based ones, but that secondary schools continue to act as sites for the reproduction of social stratification, as well as risk and harm relating to drug use. 相似文献
17.
Sandra Taylor 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2001,28(1):47-79
This article documents the contribution of teacher union activists in their campaigns to put gender issues on government policy agendas in the 1970s and 1980s in Australia. The collective accounts document the way the activists forged new relationships and alliances, based on common goals and shared feminist values, and worked strategically with femocrats in state bureaucracies. But the effectiveness of the activists depended also on a particular set of political and cultural factors which were present in Australia at the time. Such contextual factors were also significant in the later marginalisation of gender equity issues in education in the 1990s. At a theoretical level, the study illustrates the ways in which social movements challenge dominant discourses to bring about social change, and in particular how they ‘work’ in relation to policy development. It is argued, drawing on Melucci (1989) and Yeatman (1994), that social movement theory can be useful in explaining the waxing and waning of both gender equity activism and gender equity policy development. Within social movement theory, policies need to be viewed as negotiated settlements which are constantly redefined as contexts change, new forms of domination emerge, and new social networks form and coalesce to become new social movements. 相似文献
18.
Poornima Padmanabhan 《Educational Media International》2013,50(2):81-95
Low-cost laptop programs attempt to address gaps in access to computers in developing countries. However, the translation of computing access from intention to actuality is mediated by many situational factors. This research presents a case study of how access to a set of laptops donated to a school for socially disadvantaged children in India was shaped by social, logistical, economic and value considerations. Findings illustrate how principles of equity driving the program clashed with limited resources to produce conditions that constrained student agency. Additionally, external dependencies for laptops, knowledge and support restricted the school’s ability to provide computing access, and set up uncomfortable internal inequalities within the school. Access increased for just one class of students, and even they only used the laptops for limited time periods, in pairs, and under direct supervision. Seven important access considerations related to equity, resources and agency are identified to support strategic planning of future laptop programs. 相似文献
19.
Patrick Fitzsimons 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(3):385-391
This paper explores the complex ways in which the marketisation of education and the associated publication of performance data have contributed to the emergence of a new politics of recognition which has paradoxically served further to naturalise educational inequalities. Of all the reforms associated with subjecting education to market forces, it is the publication of ‘league tables’ of raw performance data which has sparked the most controversy. These tables have provoked a range of criticisms from educational professionals and practitioners concerning their reductionist nature, their misleading attribution of outcomes to institutional processes rather than intake variables and their potentially damaging side‐effects. These league tables can be said to constitute a form of cultural injustice. In order to counter this injustice, a new politics of recognition has emerged which seeks to valorise the performance of disadvantaged schools and which can be seen in the development of alternative and ‘value‐added’ league tables. This paper argues that there are a number of difficulties and dangers inherent within this new politics of recognition. These relate to the impossibility of separating a school from its context, the displacement of a politics of redistribution and the increasing naturalisation of inequalities. 相似文献
20.
Julie McLeod 《Journal of educational administration and history》2017,49(4):283-300
This article examines challenges in writing histories of feminist reforms in schooling and educational administration. The focus is gender equity reforms in Australian schools since the 1970s, looking at how those earlier interventions are now remembered, represented and forgotten, in policy memory and collective narratives. Such feminist endeavours were part of the policy landscape and the administration of schools during the 1970s and 80s. I argue that feminist agendas can also be examined as themselves sites for managing the conduct of teachers and students and for regulating new forms of identity and social relations. These paradoxical aspects of feminist reform are analysed through a Foucauldian lens. The discussion identifies contextual themes in JEAH before considering debates within gender and feminist history. A revisiting mood has initiated a stocktake of the stories told not only about feminism but also the accounts feminism gives of itself. Extending this, I propose that critical attention to memory and the movement of received and revised historical narratives is vital for analysing the legacies of feminist reforms and how they might be (re)animated in the present. More broadly, it is suggested that attention to policy memory offers fruitful directions for historical studies of educational administration. 相似文献